Insulin Therapy

Question 1

Proinsulin is stored in

Answer 1

golgi apparatus of beta cells

Question 2

Glucose stimulates insulin release by increasing intracellular

Answer 2

calcium

Question 3

Endogenous insulin is 60% metabolized by the __ and 40% by the

Answer 3

liver; kidneys

Question 4

The portal insulin concentration is __ x the peripheral blood concentration

Answer 4

3

Question 5

_____ insulin is the exact opposite metabolism mechanism vs ___ insulin

Answer 5

exogenous; endogenous

Question 6

Insulin has __ effect on tissues

Answer 6

anabolic

Question 7

Insulin is used in ___ type II diabetes and as a bridge before ___ meds

Answer 7

uncontrolled; oral

Question 8

Standard insulin is packaged at __ units and the fast acting high insulin is at __ units/ml

Answer 8

100; 500

Question 9

Aspart, lispro, and glulisine are __ __ human analogs of insulin

Answer 9

fast actings

Question 10

Three categories of insulin acting

Answer 10

rapid; short; long

Question 11

Regular human insulin takes __ minutes to act and lasts __ hours while rapid acting takes __ minutes and lasts ___ hours

Answer 11

30-60; 6-10; 5-15; 4-6

Question 12

Rapid acting insulins have AA subs which disrupt __ interaction and disrupt __ formation

Answer 12

monomer-monomer; hexamer

Question 13

The only difference between rapid insulin and regular is in the ____: the rest is the same

Answer 13

pharmacokinetics

Question 14

Basal insulin is used in the ___ state and is often administered at __

Answer 14

fasting; night

Question 15

The intermediate basal acting insulin is and it lasts

Answer 15

NPH; 10-20 hours

Question 16

The addition of ____ slows the breakdown of NPH

Answer 16

protamine

Question 17

A dangerous side effect of NPH is __ due to the peak level of its activity

Answer 17

hypoglycemia

Question 18

Detemir binds __ and slowly gets dissociated from it all day

Answer 18

albumin

Question 19

Glarine is stored in an ___ pH of _ solution and forms a _____ in the blood

Answer 19

acidic; 4; micro precipitate

Question 20

Unlike NPH, Glargine and Detemir have ___ peaks and last about _ hours

Answer 20

flat; 24

Question 21

Split mixed regimens are __% intermediate lasting and __% short acting (not __)

Answer 21

70/30 (long)

Question 22

What is the dawn phenomenon

Answer 22

The early morning fall of tissue insulin sensitivity

Question 23

The multiple injection therapy uses rapid acting insulin ___ and long acting ____

Answer 23

before each meal; once daily

Question 24

The ___ __ insulin concept mimics natural insulin peaks

Answer 24

basal-bolus

Question 25

Does the insulin pump measure blood sugar?

Answer 25

No

Question 26

The insulin pump is not ___-___ and cannot pump insulin based on ___

Answer 26

self-regulated; glucose levels

Question 27

Must __ insulin dose after exercise because of its ___ effects

Answer 27

lower; sensitizing

Question 28

This complication of insulin therapy occurs during insulin peak

Answer 28

hypoglycemia

Question 29

Insulin ___ is localized loss of __ at injection sites (localized swelling can occur- known as ___)

Answer 29

lipoatrophy; subq fat (lipohypertrophy)