Hypoglycemia

Question 1

For the first seven hours of fasting the body’s glucose comes from

Answer 1

glycogenolysis

Question 2

Glucagon activates

Answer 2

gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis

Question 3

Epinephrine activates

Answer 3

glycogenolysis, lipolysis, ketogenesis

Question 4

Cortisol activates

Answer 4

gluconeogenesis

Question 5

Growth hormone activates

Answer 5

lipolysis

Question 6

Decrease in insulin results in increase in

Answer 6

FFA and ketones

Question 7

50-55 ml blood glucose results in

Answer 7

awareness of symptoms

Question 8

Whipple’s triad

Answer 8

Symptoms/signs compatible with hypoglycemia, low plasma glucose, resolution of symptoms when glucose returns to normal

Question 9

Hypoglycemia causes ___ NS activation (neurogenic symptoms)

Answer 9

sympathetic

Question 10

Neuroglycopenic include

Answer 10

confusion, dizziness, inability to concentrate, seizure, respiratory depression

Question 11

____ modifies response to later episodes of hypoglycemia

Answer 11

previous episodes of hypoglycemia

Question 12

Glucose meter readings are not ___, ___ test is required but you must inhibit ___ to get an accurate reading

Answer 12

accurate, lab, glycolysis

Question 13

Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia- ___ in adults and ___ in kids

Answer 13

insulinomas; congenital hyperinsulinism

Question 14

Hallmark of Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia

Answer 14

increased glucose utilization

Question 15

Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia has an abnormal response to ___ at the time of hypoglycemia because the ___ stores are depleted

Answer 15

glucagon; glycogen

Question 16

Insulinoma 
Size
Benign or malignant
Number
Location

Answer 16

Small
Benign
Solitary
Usually pancreas

Question 17

Congenital Hyperinsulinism is associated with _ syndrome

Answer 17

beckwith wiedemann syndrome

Question 18

Congenital Hyperinsulinism neonates present with

Answer 18

hypoglycemia and large birth weight

Question 19

Congenital Hyperinsulinism can be __ or __ with an Adenomatous lesion

Answer 19

diffuse; focal

Question 20

Diazoxide decreases ___ secretion by activating __ channels

Answer 20

insulin; potassium

Question 21

____ affects potassium, Ca levels, and directly inhibits insulin secretion

Answer 21

Octreotide

Question 22

Immune-Mediated Hypoglycemia creates antibodies to the ____ and is typically __ (time course)

Answer 22

insulin receptor; self limited

Question 23

___ disease creates aBs to insulin and causes its release in a(n) ___ fashino

Answer 23

Hirata’s; unpredictable

Question 24

Cortisol/GH deficiency partially impair __ and __ and present with ___ defects with a ____ pattern

Answer 24

lipolysis; gluconeogenesis; midline; Ketotic hypoglycemia

Question 25

Glucose-6-Phosphatase Deficiency are hyper____ and ____ and don’t respond to the __ test

Answer 25

lactic acidemia; hyperuricemia; glucagon

Question 26

HIV positive children may have hypoglycemia if they take ___ for Pneumocystis carini

Answer 26

pentamidine

Question 27

Alcohol induced hypoglycemia is during ___ state and the increased __ ratio inhibit gluconeogenic enzymes

Answer 27

fasting; NADH/NAD

Question 28

Insulin should be ___ at the time of hypoglycemia

Answer 28

undetectable

Question 29

Glucose-6-Phosphatase Deficiency impairs both

Answer 29

gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis

Question 30

Fructose-1,6-

diphosphatase Deficiency impairs

Answer 30

gluconeogenesis

Question 31

GSD type 3 impairs

Answer 31

glycogenolysis