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Endocrine > Histology > Flashcards

Histology Flashcards

1
Q

Endocrine cells are ___ and highly __

A

ductless; vascularized

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2
Q

Endocrine endothelium is ___ to allow for easy diffusino

A

fenestrated

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3
Q

Epithelial endocrine organs are ___ derived except for the adrenal cortex which is

A

endothelial; mesodermal

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4
Q

Leydig cells and ovarian cells and ovarian stromal cells, granulosa and luteal cells have a __ pattern

A

mesenchymal

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5
Q

The posterior pituitary and the adrenal medulla have a ___ pattern

A

neural

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6
Q

Thyroid, parathyroid, Anterior pituitary Adrenal cortex, Pancreatic islets all have a _ pattern

A

epithelial

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7
Q

Renal and GI endocrine cells have an ___ pattern

A

individual

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8
Q

Anterior pituitary arises from the __ of the ___

A

ectoderm of the oropharynx (oral ectoderm)

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9
Q

Posterior pituitary comes from the ___ of the __

A

neuroectoderm of the third ventricle

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10
Q

Anterior pituitary aka

A

master gland

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11
Q

Anterior pituitary regulated by factors release from

A

hypothalamic neurons

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12
Q

Posterior pituitary release

A

oxytocin, ADH

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13
Q

Pars distalis makes up the ___ of AP, ___ __ lies in between, and ___ ___ forms the sheath around infundibulum and contains veins from

A

bulk; pars intermedia; pars tuberalis; hypothalamus

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14
Q

Pituitary adenoma compresses

A

CNIII

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15
Q

In the posterior pituitary, the __ __ contains nerve endings and the __ forms the hypothalmohypohysial
tracts

A

pars nervosa; infundibulum

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16
Q

Pars distalis cell types- acidophils appear ___ and produce _ and _. Basophils in a smaller portion creare

A

pink; GH; PRL; ACTH, LH/FSH; TSH

17
Q

Chromophobes in the pars distalis lack ___

A

vacuoles

18
Q

The Neurohypophysis contains (3) and these nerves are __, this secretes

A

median eminence, infundibular stalk, pars nervosa; unmyelinated; ADH

19
Q

Support cells of the Neurohypophysis are called

A

pituicytes

20
Q

The thyroid develops from the

A

endodermal lining of pharyngeal floor

21
Q

The thyroid stores thyroglobulin where?

A

extracellularly in colloids

22
Q

Follicular cells surround a __ and store _ for creating/secreting _

A

colloid; thyroglobulin; T3/T4

23
Q

Parafollicular cells produce and release

A

calcitonin

24
Q

Lower parathyroid glands are derived from the __ arch and the upper parathyroid glands are derived from the __ arch

A

3rd; 4th

25
Q

Three types of parenchymal cells in parathyroid and their function

A

Chief cells (PTH secreting), oxyphil cells (no known function), and adipose (increases with age)

26
Q

Adrenal glands are embedded in perirenal fat where

A

at the superior pole of the kidney

27
Q

The __ __ makes up 90% of the adrenal glands

A

outer cortex

28
Q

The __ __ cells are similar to ___ neurons and secrete

A

inner medulla; sympathetic neurons; epinephrine; norepinephrine

29
Q

Outside in organization of the adrenal cortex: zonas

A

glomerulosa; fasciculata; reticularis

30
Q

Zona glomerulosa secretes

A

Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)

31
Q

Zona fasciculata secretes ___ and contain

A

Glucocorticoids; steroid hormone precursors

32
Q

Zona reticularis secretes

A

gonadocorticoids

33
Q

The adrenal medulla is made up of __ cells

A

chromaffin

34
Q

probably inhibits growth of axonal processes
from chromaffin cells; __ also induces enzymes also induces enzymes which convert which convert norepinephrine norepinephrine to epinephrine

A

cortisol

35
Q

Large dense core vesicles: secrete

A

norepinephrine

36
Q

Small less dense core vesicles: secrete

A

epinephrine

37
Q

The __ of the pancreas have endocrine function and are most numerous in the

A

islets; tail

38
Q

The majority of pancreatic islets cells are the __ producing __ cells

A

insulin; beta

Endocrine (25 decks)

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