Tumour Pathology 3- updated cards Flashcards
What can benign tumours cause to happen which can be serious?
They can push on and create pressure on adjacent structures.
Could be dangerous if near the brain/skull
What happens when malignant tumours create obsturction/pressure?
They are infiltrative and can destroy tissue.
This can lead to inflammation and its consequences (pain, swelling, loss of function etc). Depending on what structures are adjacent to the tumour, this could also lead to bleeding, infection, fractures
One way of thinking of the effects of tumours is to think of specific sites where they might arise or spread to.
What are some of the local effects of tumours on the brain?
Seizure
Confusion
Coma
One way of thinking of the effects of tumours is to think of specific sites where they might arise or spread to.
What are some of the local effects of tumours on the colon?
Haemorrhage
Diarrhoea
Constipation
One way of thinking of the effects of tumours is to think of specific sites where they might arise or spread to.
What are some of the local effects of tumours on the bone?
Pain
Anaemia
Fractures
One way of thinking of the effects of tumours is to think of specific sites where they might arise or spread to.
What are some of the local effects of tumours on the lungs?
Haemoptysis
Dyspnoea
One way of thinking of the effects of tumours is to think of specific sites where they might arise or spread to.
What are some of the local effects of tumours on the spine?
Paralysis
Paraesthesia- prickling feeling in the body
One way of thinking of the effects of tumours is to think of specific sites where they might arise or spread to.
What are some of the side effects of local tumours?
Immunosuppression
Fatigue
Hair loss
What are some of the direct manifestations of cancer?
Haemorrhage
Loss of function
Pain
What are some of the distant manifestations of cancer?
DVT
Cachexia- wasting and weakness of the body
Paraneoplastic syndrome-immune reaction to tumours
Describe what happens in cachexia
Weakness/wasting due to chronic illness
Can’t necessarily be fixed by increasing nutrition
Usually muscle loss > fat loss
What happens in those with Paraneoplastic syndrome?
Some tumours abnormally or inappropriately produce hormones
What is dysplasia?
Poorly regulated, disordered cell growth
What is dysplasia also known as?
Pre-cancer
Is dysplasia/pre-cancer invasive?
No
