Introduction to Microbiology Flashcards
List the categories of microorganisms which cause infection.
Bacteria, virus, fungi, parasites and prions.
Name the three domains of life.
Eukarya, bacteria and archaea.
What is microbiology?
Study of microorganisms.
Describe the differences between eukaryotes and prokarytoes.
Prokaryotes are always unicellular, while eukaryotes are often multi-celled organisms.
Eukaryotes are bigger and more complex.
DNA in eukaryotes is stored in the nucleus while it is stored within nucleoid (found in cytoplasm) for prokaryotes.
Name the two types of microbiology.
Applied or basic.
Give an example of applied microbiology.
Medical microbiology.
Give an example of basic microbiology.
Cellular microbiology.
Parasites are more common in what type of environment?
Tropical environment.
What are prions?
Misfolded proteins which can transmit their misfolded shape onto other proteins and cause disease.
Are the following prokaryotes or eukaryotes?
1. Virus
2. Bacteria
3. Fungi
4. Parasites
5. Prions
- Prokaryotic
- Unclassified as contain nucleic caids
- Eukaryotic
- Usually eukaryotic but can be a vector for prokaryotes.
- Unclassified
Define bacterium.
“Chiefly round, spiral or rod shaped single celled prokaryotic organism that typically
lives in soil, water, organic matter or the bodies of plants and animals”.
Define virus.
“A unique, acellular, metabolically inert organism that only replicate within living cells”.
Define fungus.
Any of a kingdom of saprophytic and parasitic spore-producing eukaryotic typically
filamentous organisms including moulds, yeasts, mushrooms and yeasts”.
Define parasite.
“An organism living in, with or on another organism”.
Define prions.
“Protein of unknown function that resides on the surface of brain cells. An abnormal form of
prion protein that in mammals includes pathogenic forms that arise spontaneously (e.g. genetic
mutation) or transmission (e.g. via infected tissue) and upon accumulation in the brain cause a prion
disease e.g. BSE or CJD.”
Organise the following from smallest to largest.
Bacteria, virus, fungi, parasite and prion.
Prions, viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites.
Name two factors which can help to diagnose a patient w an infection.
Clinical diagnosis.
Laboratory diagnosis.
What does clinical diagnosis include?
Using questions and visuals to make your diagnosis e.g. chickenpox.
What does laboratory diagnosis include?
Taking laboratory tests which may help to make diagnosis but MUST be in referral w clinical diagnosis,
Name some things a microbiologist does.
-Advise on the diagnosis of infection.
-Review lab results
-Advise on management of infection.
List the sterile body sites.
Brain, heart, liver and kidneys.
List some non-sterile body sites.
Mouth, oesophagus, lungs, stomach and intestines.
Name the specimen type required for the diagnosis of a UTI.
Mid stream specimen of urine.
Name the specimen type required for the diagnosis of a lower respiritory tract infection.
Sample of sputum.
