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3. HLTH 213 > Trunk: neurovascular and lymph > Flashcards

Trunk: neurovascular and lymph Flashcards

1
Q

where does abdominal aorta start:

A
  • below diaphragm

- T12 aortic hiatus

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2
Q

bifurcation of aorta and into

A

L4

- common iliacs

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3
Q

common iliacs supply:

A
  • lower limb via external iliac

- pelvis, perineum via internal

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4
Q

ascending aorta: branches

A
  • R and L coronary aa
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5
Q

ascending aorta: R coronary aa

A
  • R marginal

- post interventricular

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6
Q

ascending aorta: L coronary aa

A
  • ant interventricular

- circumflex

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7
Q

ascending aorta: supplies

A
  • R side heart
  • R ventricle
  • L ventricle
  • ant RV LV septum L atrium
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8
Q

arch of aorta: branches

A
  • R brachiocephalic trunk
  • L common carotid
  • L subclavian aa
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9
Q

arch of aorta: brachiocephalic trunk

A
  • R common carotid

- R subclavian aa

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10
Q

arch of aorta: L subclavian aa

A
  • with R subclavian aa
  • internal thoracic aa -> 6 paired ant intercostal aa
  • vertebral aa
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11
Q

arch of aorta: internal thoracic aa become:

A

superior epigastric aa and musculophrenic

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12
Q

arch of aorta: supplies

A
  • head and neck
  • upper limb
  • ant thoracic wall
  • cervical vertebrae and fuse to form basilar aa in brain
  • sup abdominal wall
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13
Q

thoracic aorta: name 7 branches

A
  • pericardial
  • bronchial
  • oesophageal
  • mediastinal
  • intercostal
  • subcostal
  • superior phrenic
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14
Q

ant intercostal aa: branches

A
  • lateral branches of int thoracic aa (branches of subclavian aa)
  • internal thoracic aa
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15
Q

ant intercostal aa: lateral branches of internal thoracic aa features

A
  • first 6 intercostal spaces

- anastomoses w post ICA

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16
Q

ant intercostal aa: internal thoracic aa branches

A
  • superior epigastric aa

- musculophrenic aa (gives ant intercostal aa for lower 6 ICS)

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17
Q

abdominal aorta: branches

A
  • celiac plexus
  • renal aa
  • superior mesenteric
  • inferior mesenteric
  • gonadal
  • common iliac aa
  • median sacral
  • lumbar
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18
Q

abdominal aorta: paired/ unpaired- name ant midline branches

A
  • celiac trunk T12
  • sup mesenteric L1
  • inf mesenteric L3

unpaired

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19
Q

abdominal aorta: paired/ unpaired- lateral visceral

A
  • suprarenal L1
  • renal L1
  • gonadal L2

paired

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20
Q

abdominal aorta: paired/ unpaired- lateral parietal

A
  • inf phrenic
  • 5 lumbar L1-4
    paired
  • median sacral L4 (unpaired)
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21
Q

abdominal aorta: paired/ unpaired- R and L common iliac

A
  • L4
  • internal iliac -> internal pudendal
  • external iliac -> inf epigastric
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22
Q

abdominal aorta: paired/ unpaired- at inguinal lig

A

ext iliac -> femoral aa

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23
Q

celiac trunk: branches

A
  • L gastric
  • hepatic
  • splenic
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24
Q

celiac trunk: L gastric

A
  • supply abdominal oesophagus and stomach

- runs lesser curvatures -> anastomose w R gastric aa

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25
Q

celiac trunk: common hepatic

A
  • forward to porta hepatis -> L and R hepatic before entering liver
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26
Q

celiac trunk: common hepatic branches

A
  • R gastric
  • gastroduodenal
  • R gastro-omental (epiploic)
  • superior pancreaticoduodenal
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27
Q

celiac trunk: splenic

A
  • horizontal to post border of pancreas
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28
Q

celiac trunk: splenic branches

A
  • pancreatic aa
  • short gastric
  • L gastro-omental (epiploic)
29
Q

superior mesenteric artery: features

A
  • supplies small intestine (exc sup part of duodenum)
  • cecum, ascending colon, half transverse colon
  • crosses uncinate process of pancrease
30
Q

superior mesenteric artery: branches

A
  • inferior pancreaticoduodenal
  • jejunal and ileal branches
  • middle colic
  • iliocolic
  • R colic
31
Q

inferior mesenteric artery: features

A
  • supplies L half of transverse colon, descending colon, iliac and sigmoid, greater part of rectum
32
Q

inferior mesenteric artery: branches

A
  • L colic
  • sigmoid
  • superior rectal aa
33
Q

pelvic arteries: pathway branches

A

abdominal aorta - R/L common iliac - (R) ext/ int iliac - (int) post/ ant trunk

34
Q

pelvic arteries: ext iliac branches

A
  • deep circumflex

- inf epigastric

35
Q

pelvic arteries: post trunk branches

A
  • iliolumbar
  • lateral sacral aa
  • superior gluteal
36
Q

pelvic arteries: ant trunk

A
  • sup/inf vesical
  • middle rectal
  • vaginal
  • obturator
  • uterine
  • int pudendal
  • inf gluteal
37
Q

azygos vein: structures related

A
  • hemiazygos v

- accessory hemiazygos v

38
Q

lymphatic: lymph node collections divided into

A
  • parietal

- visceral

39
Q

lymphatic: parietal lymph nodes lie

A
  • behind peritoneum (abdominal cavity), close association w large blood vessels
40
Q

lymphatic: name parietal lymph nodes

A
  • ext/ int iliac
  • common iliac
  • epigastric and circumflex
  • lumbar
  • sacral
  • lateral aortic, preaortic, retroaortic
41
Q

lymphatic: visceral lymph nodes lie

A
  • closer to visceral vessels

- related to celiac trunk, SMA and IFA

42
Q

lymphatic: what drains lateral aortic lymph nodes and deep lymph nodes of abdomen

A

2x lumbar trunk

43
Q

lymphatic: what drains stomach, liver, pancreas and spleen

A

intestinal trunk

44
Q

lymphatic: both lumbar and intestinal trunks drain into

A

cysterna chyli (dilation at diaphragmatic end of thoracic duct)

45
Q

innervation: autonomic system innervates

A
  • thoracic
  • abdominal
  • pelvic viscera
46
Q

innervation: autonomic system made up of

A
  • parasympathetic
  • sympathetic divisions
  • enteric nervous system
47
Q

innervation: somatic supply to

A
  • musculofascial wall

- peritoneum from spinal nerves

48
Q

spinal nerves: how many pairs

A
  • 31 pairs
49
Q

spinal nerves: name pairs

A
  • 8 cervical
  • 12 thoracic
  • 5 lumbar
  • 5 sacral
  • 1 coccygeal
50
Q

spinal nerves: name plexuses

A
  • cervical
  • brachial
  • lumbar
  • sacral
51
Q

intercostal nerves carry:

A
  • somatic motor fibres for muscles
  • somatic sensory to skin, parietal pleura, parietal peritoneum
  • post ganglionic sympathetic fibres
52
Q

innervation: anterolateral abdominal wall and pass btw

A
  • ant rami of T7-12
  • ant rami of L1 -> iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal

btw internal oblique and transversus abdominis

53
Q

innervation: sympathetic in thorax

A
  • cardiac
  • pulmonary
  • esophageal plexuses
54
Q

innervation: sympathetic in abdomen

A
  • celiac
  • sup mesenteric
  • inf mesenteric
55
Q

innervation: sympathetic in pelvis

A
  • hypogastric plexuses
56
Q

innervation: name parasympathetic

A
  • vagus

- pelvic splanchnic nn

57
Q

innervation: parasympathetic vagus supplies

A
  • thoracic and abdominal organs -> 2/3 of transverse colon
58
Q

innervation: parasympathetic pelvic splanchnic nerves supply

A
  • S2-4

- rest of colon, pelvic, perineum

59
Q

enteric nervous system: features

A
  • from autonomic nervous system

- walls of digestive organs

60
Q

enteric nervous system: enteric neuron

A
  • neurons cell body in ganglion within wall of digestive tract, biliary system or pancreas
61
Q

enteric nervous system: names main parts

A
  • myenteric plexus
  • submucosal plexus
  • intrinsic primary afferent neuron
62
Q

enteric nervous system: myenteric plexus

A
  • plexus of ganglia nerve fibre bundles
  • btw longitudinal/ circular muscle layers
  • forms continuous network from upper esophagus - internal anal sphincter
63
Q

enteric nervous system: submucosal plexus

A
  • small ganglia within submucosal layer
  • btw ext musculature and mucosa of small/ large intestines
  • continuous network from duodenum - internal anal sphincter
64
Q

enteric nervous system: intrinsic primary afferent neuron

A
  • neurons of ENS that detect states of digestive organs
  • chemical entities within lumen of intestine
  • tension in gut wall
  • first neurons of intrinsic neural reflex circuits of intestine
65
Q

referred pain: theory

A
  • nociceptors from several locations converge on single ascending tract in spinal cord
  • brain associates activation of pathway w pain in skin

eg. kidney vs skin

66
Q

Hirschsprungs disease: symptoms in newborns/ infants

A
  • difficulty w bowel movements
  • infrequent but explosive stools
  • jaundice
  • poor feeding
  • poor weight gain
  • vomiting
67
Q

Hirschsprungs disease: symptoms in older children

A
  • constipation which gets worse gradually
  • fecal impaction
  • malnutrition
  • slow growth
  • swollen belly
68
Q

Hirschsprungs disease: features

A
  • congenital absence of ganglion cells in myenteric plexus of colon
  • from rectum to variable distance proximally
  • failure of peristalsis beyond transition zone
  • colon proximal to transition zone dilated

3. HLTH 213 (22 decks)

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