Thorax: Abdominal Viscera I (GIT) Flashcards
primitive gut tube consists of:
- foregut
- midgut
- hindgut
what contributes to arrangement of abdominal organs:
- intensive growth
- rotation of gut
foregut: adult derivatives (7)
- distal esophagus
- stomach
- proximal part of duodenum
- liver
- gallbladder
- ant part of pancreas
- spleen
foregut: blood supply
celiac trunk
foregut: stomach and spleen movement
clockwise to L
foregut: duodenum and dorsal pancreas movement
to the R fuse to body wall
foregut: omental bursa
- aka lesser sack
- abdominal cavity behind stomach
midgut: adult derivatives (5)
- distal part of duodenum
- jejunum
- ileum
- ascending colon
- proximal 2/3 of transverse colon
midgut: blood supply
superior mesenteric aa.
hindgut: adult derivatives (4)
- distal 1/3 of transverse colon
- descending colon
- sigmoid colon
- superior part of rectum
hindgut: blood supply
inferior mesenteric aa.
abdominal esophagus: orginates
T10
abdominal esophagus: passes where and what structures
through muscular part of diaphragm
- ant/ post vagal trunks
abdominal esophagus: blood supply
- L inferior phrenic aa.
- L gastric aa.
eg. hiatus hernias
- sliding
- paraesophageal
stomach: muscularis externa layers (deep to superficial)
- longitudinal
- circular
- oblique
stomach: list parts
- cardia
- fundus
- body
- pyloric antrum
- pyloric canal
- pyloric sphincter
- pylorus
stomach: gastic glands produce
- HCl
- intrinsic factor
- pepsinogen
- enteric hormones
stomach: list blood supply (9)
- L and R gastric aa.
- splenic aa.
- hepatic aa. proper
- L and R gastro-omental aa (gastro-epiploic)
- ant/ post superior pancreaticoduodenal aa.
- gastroduodenal aa.
gastric visceral referred pain:
in epigastric region:
- splanchnic nn. to level T7 and T8 spinal cord segments
duodenum: features
- C shaped
- head curves around pancreas
- partially retroperitoneal (1st part duodenum has mesentery)
duodenum: which lig suspends duodenum where
- ligament of Treitz
- at duodenojejunal junction
duodenum: list parts
- superior/ 1st
- descending/ 2nd
- horizontal/ 3rd
- ascending/ 4th
duodenum: superior lies
- 1st
- anterolateral to L1
duodenum: descending lies
- 2nd
- R of L1 - L3
duodenum: horizontal lies
- 3rd
- crosses IVC, aorta and L3
duodenum: ascending
- 4th
- sup to L2
duodenum: blood supply and which parts
celiac trunk
- proximal to entry of bile duct
SMA
- distal to entry of bile duct
jejunum: location
L upper quadrant
ileum: location
R lower quadrant
jejunum: features
- long vasa recta
- arcades: few large loops
- less fat in mesentery
ileum: features
- short vasa recta
- arcades: many short loops
- more fat in mesentery
large intestine: anatomical features
- tenia coli
- hausta
- omental appendices
large intestine: anatomical parts
- cecum and appendix
- ascending colon
- transverse colon
- descending colon
- sigmoid colon
- rectum
cecum: features
- blind intestinal pouch
- inf to ileocecal junction in R iliac fossa
- intraperitoneal organ
cecum: ileocecal valve
- terminal ileum enters obliquely into cecum and invaginates forming valve
appendix: features
- blind ended tube
- suspended to terminal ileum by mesoappendix
- large aggregations of lymphoid tissue in wall
McBurney’s point
- base of appendix lies at this anatomical landmark
- umbilicus to anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS): 1/3 way up
what type of nerve fibres from appendix? and accompany what nerves to T10 segment
- afferent nerve fibres
- sympathetic nerves
colon: retro/ intraperitoneal organs
- ascending/ descending= retro
- transverse/ sigmoid= intra
colon: name flexures
- R colic flexure (hepatic)
- L colic flexure (splenic)
colon: hepatic flexure location
- inf to R lobe of liver
colon: splenic flexure location
- more superior than RCF
- ant to L kidney
colon: which flexure is attached to the diaphragm by what?
- L colic flexure
- phrenicocolic lig
colon: main blood supply
- superior mesenteric aa
- inferior mesenteric aa
colon: lymph drainage
- epicolic nodes
- paracolic nodes
- intermediate nodes
- principal nodes
colon: SMA branches
- iliocolic
- R colic
- middle colic
colon: inf mesenteric artery branches
- L colic
- sigmoid
- superior rectal
