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3. HLTH 213 > Peritoneal cavity > Flashcards

Peritoneal cavity Flashcards

1
Q

abdominal cavity: features

A
  • btw diaphragm and sup pelvic aperture (pelvic brim)
  • anterolateral ab wall (entirely musculofascial)
  • sufficient thickness and strength
  • adequate protection for viscera
  • posterolateral wall (lumbar spine, ilium, thorax (ribs)) also musculofascial component
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2
Q

abdominal cavity: contains (7)

A
  • peritoneum (continuous 2 layers of serous membrane)
  • fat
  • digestive organs
  • urinary organs
  • suprarenal glands
  • spleen
  • nerves and blood vessels
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3
Q

peritoneum: name 2 layers

A
  • parietal

- visceral

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4
Q

peritoneum: parietal

A
  • lines abdominopelvic cavity
  • v loose, allows movement of organs
  • change bladder size and rectum
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5
Q

peritoneum: visceral

A
  • invests organs

- suspends them

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6
Q

peritoneal cavity:

A
  • potential space btw parietal and visceral peritoneum
  • largest serous membrane in body
  • completely closed in males, open at lateral ends of uterine tubes to communicate w ext
  • serous fluid lubricates visceral p and allows mobile viscera to glide
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7
Q

in relation to peritoneum abdominal organs are classified as:

A
  • intraperitoneal

- extra/retroperitoneal

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8
Q

intraperitoneal organs:

A

almost completely covered w visceral peritoneum, has supporting mesentery

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9
Q

retroperitoneal organs:

A

partially covered w visceral/parietal peritoneum without supporting mesentery

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10
Q

list intraperitoneal organs: (13)

A
  • oesophagus
  • stomach
  • liver
  • spleen
  • pancreas TAIL
  • first part of duodenum
  • jejunum
  • ilium
  • cecum
  • appendix
  • transverse colon
  • sigmoid colon
  • uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries
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11
Q

list retroperitoneal organs: primary

A
  • urinary bladder
  • kidneys
  • ureters
  • suprarenal glands
  • rectum (lower 1/3)
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12
Q

list retroperitoneal organs: secondary

A
  • duodenum (second and third part)
  • head, neck, body of pancreas
  • ascending and descending colon
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13
Q

embryology: parietal peritoneum

A

derived from somatic mesoderm

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14
Q

embryology: visceral peritoneum

A

derived from splanchnic mesoderm

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15
Q

parietal peritoneum: nerve supply

A

somatic nerve supply:

  • T7- T11 intercostal n
  • T12 subcostal
  • L1 (iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nn)

EXTREMELY PAIN SENSITIVE

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16
Q

visceral peritoneum: nerve supply

A
  • autonomic nervous system
    parasympathetic: vagus n and parasympathetic fibres from spinal cord levels S2-S4

sympathetic fibres: sympathetic trunk at spinal cord levels T5-L2

17
Q

parts of peritoneum:

A
  • double layers of peritoneum form during development of gut to suspend developing organs to coelomic cavity

folds classified as:

  • mesenteries
  • omenta (greater and lesser)
  • peritoneal ligs
18
Q

mesentery: features

A
  • double layer of peritoneum connecting organ to post ab wall
  • core of ct. and variable amounts of fat
  • carries neurovascular and lymphatic structures
19
Q

mesentery: name them

A
  • mesentery of small intestine (extends obliquely from duodenojejunal junction to ileocolic junction)
  • transverse mesocolon
  • sigmoid mesocolon
20
Q

omentum: features

A
  • double layer of peritoneum connecting stomach to surrounding organs
21
Q

omentum: greater

A
  • large apron-like peritoneal fold
  • hangs down from greater curvature of stomach and proximal part of duodenum
  • then folds back and attaches to transverse colon
22
Q

omentum: lesser

A
  • connects lesser curvature of stomach and proximal part of duodenum to liver
23
Q

peritoneal ligs: features

A
  • double layer of peritoneum connecting organ to another organ or ab wall
  • stomach ligs
  • liver ligs
24
Q

peritoneal ligs: stomach

A
  • gastrophrenic
  • gastrosplenic
  • gasstrocolic
25
Q

peritoneal ligs: liver

A
  • falciform
  • hepatogastric
  • hepatoduodenal
26
Q

peritoneal cavity: name them

A
  • greater peritoneal sac

- lesser peritoneal sac or omental bursa

27
Q

peritoneal cavity: greater peritoneal sac

A
  • entire peritoneal cavity but for omental bursa
28
Q

peritoneal cavity: lesser peritoneal sac or omental bursa

A
  • lies post to stomach and adjacent structures
  • superior recess: below diaphragm
  • inferior recess: btw layers of greater omentum
29
Q

omental bursa: name boundaries of omental foramen (epiploic)

A
  • ant
  • post
  • sup
  • inf
30
Q

omental bursa: ant boundary

A
  • portal v
  • hepatic aa
  • bile duct

= portal triad

31
Q

omental bursa: post boundary

A
  • IVC

- R crus of liver

32
Q

omental bursa: sup boundary

A

caudate liver lobe

33
Q

omental bursa: inf boundary

A

first part of duodenum

34
Q

peritoneal cavity: transverse mesocolon divides abdominal cavity into

A
  • supracolic compartment

- infracolic compartment

35
Q

supracolic compartment contains:

A
  • stomach
  • liver
  • spleen
36
Q

infracolic compartment contains:

A
  • small intestine

- ascending/ descending colon

37
Q

eg. peritonitis:

A
  • flow of inflammatory exudate, abscess formation
  • peritoneal adhesions
  • inflammation, infection, v painful, potentially fatal
38
Q

eg. ascites:

A
  • fluid in omental bursa
  • intestine in omental bursa
  • sign of liver disease, portal hypertension

3. HLTH 213 (22 decks)

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