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3. HLTH 213 > Female reproductive system > Flashcards

Female reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

internal reproductive organs:

A
  • ovaries
  • fallopian tubes
  • uterus
  • vagina
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2
Q

external reproductive organs:

A

vulva

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3
Q

ovaries: features

A
  • almond shaped glands

- lateral walls of lesser pelvis

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4
Q

ovaries: function

A
  • produce gametes

- produce hormones (oestrogen, progesterone, relaxin)

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5
Q

ovaries: ovarian follicles

A
  • females born w definite no. of primary oocytes
  • oocytes remain arrested in development at first meiotic division
  • only 400 mature to ova
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6
Q

uterine tubes: features

A
  • extend from uterine horns and open into peritoneal cavity near ovaries

4 parts:

  • infundibulum
  • ampulla
  • isthmus
  • uterine part
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7
Q

eg. ectopic pregnancy

A
  • where fertilised embryo gets implanted anywhere BUT in uterus
  • interstitial
  • tubal (isthmus/ ampullar)
  • infundibular
  • ovarian
  • peritoneal
  • cervical
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8
Q

uterus: features

A
  • thick walled pear shaped

- less pelvis w body on top of urinary bladder and neck (cervix) btw urinary bladder and rectum

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9
Q

uterus: reflexion of peritoneum over uterus and surrounding organs:

A
  • forms two pouches:
  • vesicouterine
  • rectouterine (pouch of Douglas)
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10
Q

uterus: divided into

A
  • body w fundus and uterus

- cervix

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11
Q

uterus: ligs

A
  • body of uterus: layers of broad lig -> keep uterus in place
  • post prolongation of broad lig = suspensory lig of ovary
  • round ligs - fibrous ct from uterus inf to uterine tubes to labia majora
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12
Q

menstrual cycle: cells

A

primary follicle - secondary follicle - vesicular follicle - ovulation - corpus luteum - degenerating corpus luteum

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13
Q

uterus in pregnancy:

A
  • hypertrophy (get bigger)

- hyperplasia (increased no. of muscle cells)

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14
Q

cervix: features

A
  • narrow portion of uterus
  • cervical canal opens into uterine cavity at internal cervical os
  • into vagina at external cervical os
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15
Q

cervix: anteflexion angle

A
  • body of uterus forms angle w axis of cervix
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16
Q

cervix: anteversion angle

A
  • btw axis of cervix and vagina
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17
Q

blood supply: uterus

A
  • abdominal aorta -> ovarian aa
  • internal ilac -> uterine aa
  • uterine veins form uterine venous plexuses within broad lig -> drain into internal iliac v
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18
Q

vagina: features

A
  • fibromuscular tube btw uterine cervix and vestibule
  • vaginal canal normally collapsed
  • post to urethra and urinary bladder
  • ant to rectum passing btw medial margins of levator ani mm
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19
Q

vagina: inferiorly opens in

A
  • vestibule of perineum
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20
Q

vagina: superiorly forms

A
  • fornices (recesses) around cervix
  • ant
  • post
  • 2x lateral
21
Q

ligaments over pelvic organs:

A
  • uterosacral lig
  • transverse cervical
  • pubocervical
  • rectovaginal septum
22
Q

broad lig: oriented

A
  • coronal plane from uterine walls
23
Q

broad lig: parts

A
  • mesometrium
  • mesosalpinx
  • mesovarium
24
Q

superficial perineal pouch: consists of

A
  • crura of clitoris
  • bulbs of vestibule
  • greater vestibular glands
  • superficial transverse perineal mm
  • branches of in pudendal vessels and perineal n
25
Q

vulva: aka and refers to

A
  • pudendum

- external genitals

26
Q

vulva: parts

A
  • mons pubis
  • labia majora
  • labia minora
  • clitoris
  • vestibule
27
Q

blood supply: ant trunk of internal illac aa branches

A
  • umbilical aa
  • superior vesical aa
  • vaginal aa (major to vagina)
  • middle rectal aa
  • obturator aa
  • internal pudendal aa
  • inferior gluteal aa
  • uterine
28
Q

blood supply: uterine aa pathway

A
  • passes within base of broad lig, crossing ureter and reaching lateral vaginal fornix
  • then ascends along lateral uterine margin to anastamose w ovarian aa
29
Q

blood supply: ovarian aa pathway

A
  • branches of ab aorta -> descend pass pelvic brim, travel to suspensory lig of ovary
30
Q

blood supply: pelvic veins drain into

A

internal iliac v

31
Q

blood supply: R ovarian v drains into

A

IVC

32
Q

blood supply: L ovarian v drains into

A

L renal v

33
Q

lymphatic drainage:

A
  • follows distrubution of int/ ext iliac aa and their branches to lymph nodes around common iliac aa and aortic nodes
34
Q

nerve supply: sympathetic fibres derived from

A

spinal preganglionic fibres T12 - L2

35
Q

nerve supply: sympathetic fibres cause

A
  • contraction of internal anal sphincter

- smooth mm contraction of reproductive tract

36
Q

nerve supply: parasympathetic fibres originate from

A
  • spinal cord levels S2-4
37
Q

nerve supply: parasympathetic fibres contribute to

A
  • vasodilation
  • bladder contraction
  • modulation of enteric plexuses from L colic flexure
38
Q

anaesthesia for childbirth: types

A
  • general anaesthesia
  • regional anaesthesia
  • caudal epidural block
39
Q

anaesthesia for childbirth: types of regional anaesthesia

A
  • spinal block

- pudendal nerve block

40
Q

anaesthesia for childbirth: spinal block

A
  • L3-4 spinal subarachnoid space

- umbilicus down desensitised

41
Q

anaesthesia for childbirth: pudendal n block

A
  • injection over pudendal n around ischial spine

- only areas innervated by pudendal

42
Q

breasts: location

A

circular bed of female breast:

  • transversely from lateral border of sternum to midaxillary line
  • vertically from 2-6 rib
43
Q

breasts: features

A
  • btw breast and pectoral fascia is loose ct -> retromammary space
  • breast attached to skin by suspensory ligs
44
Q

breasts: pitting of skin from

A
  • tension of ligs in breast carcinoma (cancer)
45
Q

mammary gland: features

A
  • modified sweat gland
  • secretory lobules and ducts
  • lactiferous ducts (15-20) open independently in nipple, surrounded by areola
  • adipose tissue predominates non-lactating gland
46
Q

blood supply: arteries (breasts)

A
  • branches of
  • axillary aa
  • post intercostal aa (2-4th)
  • internal intercostal aa
47
Q

blood supply: venous drainage (breasts)

A
  • follow aa
48
Q

lymphatic drainage: nodes (breasts)

A
  • axillary lymph nodes (75%)
  • parasternal nodes
  • intercostal nodes
49
Q

lymphatic drainage: communicates w (breasts)

A
  • supra/ infraclavicular

- bronchomediastinal lymph nodes

3. HLTH 213 (22 decks)

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