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Trematodes II Flashcards

1
Q

What are the DH of Paragonimus kellicotti?

A 
Dogs
Cats
Pigs
Muskrats
Mink
Wild/domestic carnivores
Occasionally humans
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2
Q

What is the 1st IH of Paragonimus kellicotti?

A

Aquatic snails

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3
Q

What is the 2nd IH of Paragonimus kellicotti?

A

Crayfish

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4
Q

What is the PH of Paragonimus kellicotti?

A

Rodents

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5
Q

What is the DH site of Paragonimus kellicotti?

A

Lung parenchyma (encysted)

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6
Q

What is the life cycle of Paragonimus kellicotti?

A

DH ingests crayfish with mature metacercariae or PH
Excyst in SI, penetrates gut to peritoneal cavity to diaphragm to lungs
Form cysts in lung parenchyma; mature to adults
Egg pass from cyst to bronchi
Eggs coughed up and swallowed
Unembryonated eggs in feces
Miracidia hatch; penetrate aquatic snail
Cercariae emerge; enter crayfish
Metacercariae form

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7
Q

What causes pathology with Paragonimus kellicotti?

A

Migrating flukes

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8
Q

How can Paragonimus kellicotti eggs be diagnosed?

A

Fecal sedimentation (preferred) or flotation

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9
Q

How can Paragonimus kellicotti adults be diagnosed?

A

Radiographs (pulmonary cysts)

Necropsy

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10
Q

Can Paragonimus kellicotti infect humans?

A

Yes, by eating undercooked/raw crayfish

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11
Q

What is Paragonimus westermani in humans?

A

Oriental lung fluke

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12
Q

What is the DH of Nanophyetus salmincola?

A 
Raccoon
Mink
Fox
Coyote
Dog
Cat
Piscivorous birds
Piscivorous mammals
Humans (rare)
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13
Q

What is the 1st IH of Nanophyetus salmincola?

A

Aquatic snails

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14
Q

What is the 2nd IH of Nanophyetus salmincola?

A

Fish

Salmon

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15
Q

What is the DH site of Nanophyetus salmincola?

A

Small intestine

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16
Q

What is the 2nd iH site of Nanophyetus salmincola?

A

Kidneys, muscle, fins, other organs

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17
Q

What is the life cycle of Nanophyetus salmincola?

A

DH ingests fish with metacercariae
Develop to adults in SI; NO extra-intestinal migration
Unembryonated eggs passed in feces
Miracidia hatch; infect awautic snail
Cercariae emerge from snail
Cercariae penetrate young fish
Metacercariae form in kidneys, muscle, fins

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18
Q

What causes pathology in the fish IH with Nanophyetus salmincola?

A

Metacercariae

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19
Q

What causes pathology in the canine DH with Nanophyetus salmincola?

20
Q

What is the pathology in canine DH with Nanophyetus salmincola?

A

Neorickettsia helminthoeca: “salmon-poisoning disease”

21
Q

How can Nanophyetus salmincola eggs be diagnosed?

A

Sedimentation/fecal flotation

22
Q

Do Nanophyetus spp cause human infections?

A

Yes, but it is rare

Cause “fish flu”

23
Q

What is the DH of Alaria spp?

A

Cats
Dogs
Wide range of carnivores

24
Q

What is the 1st IH of Alaria spp?

A

Aquatic snails

25
Q

What is the 2nd IH of Alaria spp?

26
Q

What is the PH of Alaria spp?

A

Frogs
Snakes
Mice
Mammals

27
Q

What is the site of Alaria spp in DH?

A

Small intestine or mammary glands in lactating cat

28
Q

What is the Alaria spp life cycle? *indicate bolded in lecture

A

DH ingests infected tadpole or PH with mesocercariae
Migration to diaphragm to lungsl develop into metacercariae; coughed up trachea, down esophagus to SI or in lactating cat: mesocercariae migrate to mammary gland
Developes to adults in SI or remain mesocercariae- transmammary (nursing kitten)
Unembryonate eggs in feces
Miracidia hatch; infect aquatic snail
Cercariae emerge in water
Cercariae penetrate tadpole; develop into mesocercariae

29
Q

What happens with transmammary transmission of Alaria spp in the lactating cat?

A

Mesocercariae migrate to mammary glands

30
Q

What is the pathology of Alaria spp in cat DH?

A

Attached to mucous membrane of SI
Usually little harm
Migratory tracts through lung

31
Q

How can you diagnose Alaria spp eggs?

A

Fecal sedimentation

32
Q

What Alaria species causes human infections?

A

Alaria americana

33
Q

What is Potomac Horse Fever?

A

Equine Neorickettsiosis

34
Q

What serves as a reservoir for Potomac Hose Fever?

A

Digenetic trematodes (Acanthatrium oregonense)

35
Q

What is the infectious agent for Potomac Horse Fever?

A

Neorickettsia risticii

36
Q

What is the DH of Acanthatrium oregonense?

37
Q

What is the aaberrant hosts of Acanthatrium oregonense?

38
Q

How do horses get Potomac Horse Fever?

A

Ingest mayfly with metacercariae harboring Neorickettsia risticii

39
Q

What is the DH of Heterobilharzia americana?

A 
Raccoons (natural DH)
Dogs**
Bobcats
Nutria
Opossum
Florida panther
Beaver
Horses
Llama
Other mammals
40
Q

What is the IH of Heterobilharzia americana?

A

Lymnaeid snails

41
Q

What is the DH site of Heterobilharzia americana?

A

Hepatic portal and mesenteric veins

42
Q

What is Heterobilharzia americana the causative agent of?

A

Canine schistosomiasis

43
Q

What is the life cycle of Heterobilharzia americana?

A

Embryonated eggs shed in feces
Miracidia hatch in waterl infect a lymnaeid snail
Cercariae emerge and penetrate the skin of DH
Migration through lungs to the liver
Mature to adults
Adults migrate through portal veins to mesenteric veins
Eggs migrate through mesenteric veins and intestinal wall to lumen of intestine

44
Q

What is the pathology in the canine Dh with Heterobilharzia americana?

A

Severe granulomatous inflammation in SI, liver, LI, pancreas
Fibrosis
Mineralization
Death

45
Q

What is the pathology with Heterobilharzia americana induced by?

46
Q

How are Heterobilharzia americana eggs diagnosed?

A

Fecal sedimentation (saline)

47
Q

What is the human infection caused by Heterobilharzia americana?

A

“Swimmer’s itch”

Cercarial dermatitis

Parasitology (27 decks)

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