Nematodes IX: Lungworms Flashcards
What are the definitive host of Dictyocaulus viviparus?
Cattle
Deer
Elk
Bison
What are the sites of Dictyocaulus viviparus?
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
What is the life cycle of Dictyocaulus viviparus?
L1 in feces, L2 L3 ensheathed infective stage L3 ingested alone or on Pilobolus fungus L3 penetrates SI; mesenteric lymph node L4 thoracic duct and right heart; lung; alveoli \+/- ALD Adults in lumen of bronchial tree Eggs embryonate L1 usually hatch in airway or GI tract
What is the pathology associated with Dictyocaulus viviparus?
Inflammation of bronchi
Collapsed alveoli
Epithelialized alveoli
Fibrotic lobes
What do Dictyocaulus viviparus infections in deer appear to be associated with?
Cross-contamination with infected domestic species
What are the clinical signs associated with Dictyocaulus viviparus?
Respiratory (chronic bronchitis, tachypnea, severe dyspnea, extended head, harsh cough)
Anorexia
Emaciation
Death
What is the diagnosis of Dictyocaulus viviparus?
Only L1 of parasitic nematides found in fresh cattle manure
L1 description: bluntly pointed tail, rounded head, granules
Technique of choice is Baermann with fresh feces
What are the DH of Dictyocaulus filaria?
Sheep
Goats
What are the sites of Dictyocaulus filaria?
Bronchi and trachea
What is the life cycle of Dictyocaulus filaria?
L1 in feces L2 L3 ensheathed infective stage L3 ingested alone L3 penetrates SI; mesenteric LN L4 thoracic duct and right heart; lung; alveoli \+/- ALD Adults in lumen of bronchial tree Eggs embryonate L1 usually hatch in airway or GI tract
What is the pathology with Dictyocaulus filaria?
Inflammation
Catarrhal bronchitis
Atelectasis
Pneumonia
What is the diagnosis of Dictyocaulus filaria?
L1 in fresh feces Bluntly pointed end Brownish intestingal granules 'Button" at mouth Technique of choice is Baermann
What are the DH of Muellerius capillaris?
Sheep
Goats
What is the IH of Muellerius capillaris?
Gastropods (snails, slugs)
What is the site of Muellerius capillaris?
Lungs (parenchyma, bronchioles)
What is the life cycle of Muellerius capillaris?
L1 in feces DH ingests IH L3 penetrates gut; mesenteric LN; heart and lungs L4 lung parnechyma; forms nodules Adults in nodules in lung parenchyma Eggs in lung parenchyma L1 hatch in lungs Coughed up and swallowed
What is the pathology of Muellerius capillaris?
Not usually pathogenic
Inflammation
Small nodular lesions
What is the diagnosis of Muellerius capillaris?
L1 in feces
Tecchnique of choice is Baermann
Wavy, pointed tail with dorsal spine
What is the DH of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus?
Cats
What is the IH of Aelustrongylus abstrusus?
Snails
Slugs
What is the PH of Aelustrongylus abstrusus?
Rodents
Birds
Amphibia
Reptiles
What is the site of Aelustrongylus abstrusus?
Lung parenchyma
Terminal respirator bronchioles
Alveolar ducts; in nodules
What is the pathology of Aelurstongylus abstrusus?
Subpleural nodules
Smooth muscle hypertrophy
Milky lung exudate with eggs and larvae
What are the clinical signs of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus?
Respiratory
Inappetence
What is the diagnosis of Aelurstrongylus abstrusus?
L1 in fresh feces
Tail curves; dorsal spine
Technique of choice is Baermann
What is the DH of Filaroides osleri?
Canids, including wild canids
What is the site of Filaroides osleri?
In nodules in trachea and bronchi
Rarely in lungs
What is the life cycle of Filaroides osleri?
L1 and eggs in feces and saliva
DH ingests L1 or L1 in egg
Lymphatic and venous portal systems
L1, L2, L3, L4
Migrates to heart and lungs, bronchi, tracheal bifurcation
Adults in nodules in trachea and bronchi
Eggs are larvated and shed in respiratory tract
What is the pathology of Filaroides osleri?
Nodules in the bifurcation of the trachea
What is the diagnosis of Filaroides osleri?
L1:
Wavy tail “kinked”
No dorsal spine
ZnSO4 flotation, CANNOT DO BAERMANN because larvae are dead
