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Parasitology > Ectoparasites IV: Mites > Flashcards

Ectoparasites IV: Mites Flashcards

1
Q

How do mites differ from ticks?

A

Size
Time/location on host
Some life cycle stages
Some aspects of morphology

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2
Q

What are the major mite groups?

A

Mange mites
Ear mites
Nasal mites
Hair-clasping mites

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3
Q

Are some animals at higher risk for mite infections?

A

Puppies and old dogs

Immunocompromised animals

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4
Q

What are diagnostic methods for mite infections?

A

Skin scraping

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5
Q

What are common clinical signs for mite infections?

A

Pruritus
Hair loss
Crusty lesions

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6
Q

What are complications of mite infections?

A

Secondary infection

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7
Q

How do you approach treatment for mite infections?

A

Treatment of the mite

Treat secondary problems

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8
Q

Are mite infections zoonotic?

A

Yes

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9
Q

Describe Sarcoptes scabiei (scabies mite)

A

One species

Host-adapted variants/strains

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10
Q

What is the range of hosts for Sarcoptes scabiei?

A

Wide range, except for cats (rare)

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11
Q

What is Sarcoptes scabiei common in?

A

Canids
Swine
Ferrets
Severe disease in red foxes

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12
Q

Where does the Sarcoptes scabiei life cycle occur?

A

On host, mostly in epidermis over 2-3 weeks

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13
Q

What areas does sarcoptic mange usually affect first?

A

Hairless areas

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14
Q

What does sarcoptic mange cause?

A

Usually papules, erythema, pruritus which can lead to hyperkeratosis, alopecia, self-trauma, secondary infections, crusitng

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15
Q

What is the common name of Sarcoptes scabiei in dogs? What are the lesion locations?

A

Itch mite
Lateral elbows
Lateral hocks
Edge of pinna

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16
Q

What is the common name of Sarcoptes scabiei in swine? What are the lesion locations?

A

No name, but it is common

Ears, back

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17
Q

What is the common name of Sarcoptes scabiei in cattle? What are the lesion locations?

A

Barn itch

Abdomen, neck, medial hind legs

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18
Q

What is the common name of Sarcoptes scabiei in sheep/goats? What are the lesion locations?

A

Head scab

Face, ears, ventrum

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19
Q

What is the common name of Sarcoptes scabiei in horses? What are the lesion locations?

A

No name

Neck, shoulders, face

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20
Q

What animals is mite infections reportable in?

A

Sheep/goats

Horses

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21
Q

What are methods of treatment for sarcoptic mange?

A

Various acaricides

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22
Q

What is the host of Notoedres cati?

A

Wild or domestic felids

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23
Q

Describe the lesions of notpedric mange of cats

A

Lesions begin on ears/face/neck then go to feet/perineum

Thick, scaly skin, alopecia, pruritus the self-trauma, systemic signs

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24
Q

Describe Psoroptes cuniculi

A

Common ear mites

Hosts: rabbits, goats, horses

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25
Q

Describe psoroptes ovis of large animals

A

Cattle, sheep, horses
Primarily in Southwest
Reportable

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26
Q

What is the life cycle of Psoroptes spp.?

A

Non-burrowing on skin

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27
Q

What is the common name of Psoroptes ovis in cattle? What are the locations of lesions?

A

Cattle scab

Back, tail head, shoulders

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28
Q

What is the common name of Psoroptes ovis in sheep? What are the locations of lesions?

A

Scab

Neck, back

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29
Q

What is the common name of Psoroptes ovis in horses? What are the locations of lesions?

A

Not common

Base of mane

30
Q

What species is Psoroptes ovis reportable in?

A

Cattle

Sheep

31
Q

What is the most common mite of cattle and horses?

A

Chorioptes spp.

32
Q

What is the life cycle of Chorioptes spp.?

A

Non-burrowing on skin

33
Q

What does Chorioptes spp. cause?

A

Chorioptic mange

34
Q

What is the common name of Chorioptes in cattle? Where are the lesions?

A

Foot and tail mange, tail scab

Base of tail, udder, hind feet

35
Q

What is the common name of Chorioptes in sheep/goats? Where are the lesions?

A

Foot and tail mange

Interdigital, base of tail, scrotum (sheep)

36
Q

What is the common name of Chorioptes in horses (especially draft breeds)? Where are the lesions?

A

Foot mange, itchy leg

Foot, base of tail

37
Q

What is a common ear mite in dogs, cats, and ferrets?

A

Otodectes cynotis

38
Q

Describe what happens with Otodectes cynotis (ear mites)?

A

Canals become excessively moist
Cerumen; purulent black exudate
Inflammation—pruritis—self trauma
Secondary infection, ruptured ear drum

39
Q

Where are Otodectes cynotis (ear mites) found?

A

Usually bilateral- head and neck

40
Q

What is the method diagnosis of Otodectes cynotis?

A

Ear swabs

41
Q

Where are most species of Demodex normal?

A

Normal fauna of skin

42
Q

What is the transmission of Demodex spp.?

A

Direct contact (mother to neonate)

43
Q

What species of Demodex are primary pathogens?

A

D. cornei in dogs

44
Q

Describe the Demodex spp. life cycle

A

All stages develop on host within hair follicle lumen and sebaceous gland ducts

45
Q

What are forms of demodicosis?

A

Squamous

Papulonodular

46
Q

Describe squamous demodicosis

A

Localized or generalized
Primarily dogs, but also can occur with cat, horses, and sheep
Dry, scaly dermatitis, alopecia

47
Q

Describe papulonodular demodicosis

A

Cattle, goats, pigs

Hair follicles/glands obstructed leads to nodules

48
Q

Describe localized demodectic mange in dogs

A

Small, well-defined patchy lesions
Young dogs
Self-limiting, most spontaneously recover

49
Q

Describe generalized demodectic mange in dogs

A

Usually underlying disease, except of D. cornei
Large, coalescing lesions leading to pruritus and secondary infection
No age predilection
Poor prognosis if no aggressive treatment

50
Q

How common is feline demodectic mange? Does it have any predilections?

A

Rare

Any age/breed

51
Q

What species of Demodex is normal flora in cats?

A

D. cati

52
Q

Which species of Demodex is transmissible?

A

D. gatoi

53
Q

Is demodectic mange common in cattle? Describe the lesions

A

Yes, pregnant/lactating

Nodular- neck, shoulders

54
Q

Is demodectic mange common in sheep? Describe the lesions

A

Rare

Diffuse; scaly- neck, flank, shoulders

55
Q

Is demodectic mange common in goats? Describe the lesions

A

Young or pregnant goats

Nodular- face, neck, axilla, udder

56
Q

Is demodectic mange common in horses? Describe the lesions

A

Rare; chronic corticosteroids

Diffuse; scaly

57
Q

Is demodectic mange common in pigs? Describe the lesions

A

Rare

Nodular- snout

58
Q

What are the hosts of Cheyletiella spp.?

A

Dogs and cats

59
Q

Are Cheyletiella spp. contagious?

A

Very contagious

Potentially zoonotic

60
Q

What are Cheyletiella spp known as?

A

Walking dandruff

Fur mite

61
Q

What is the life cycle of Cheyletiella?

A

Nonburrowing

62
Q

What are the clinical signs of Cheyletiella in dogs? Cats?

A

Exfoliative dermatitis
Inflammation
Hyperaesthesia
Long-haired breed cats have similar signs espeically on head/trunk

63
Q

What is the host of Pneumonyssoides caninum?

A

Dogs

64
Q

What is Pneumonyssoides caninum?

A

Nasal mite

65
Q

Where do all stages of Pneumonyssoides caninum occur?

A

In sinuses, superficial

66
Q

What are the clinical signs of Pneumonyssoides caninum?

A

Rhinitis

Hyperemic mucosa

67
Q

What is used to diagnose Pneumonyssoides caninum?

A

Rhinoscopy

Nasal swabs

68
Q

What is used to treat Pneumonyssoides caninum?

A

Mainly avermectins

69
Q

Describe Knemidocoptes mutans

A

Chickens, pet birds

Sever hyperkeratosis

70
Q

Describe Dermanyssus gallinae

A

Chickens, wild birds

Anemia; decreased production

71
Q

Describe Ornithonyssus sylvarium

A

Chickens, turkeys, etc.

Anemia; soiled vent feathers

Parasitology (27 decks)

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