treatment of cancer Pt2

Question 1

EGFR=

Answer 1

epidermal growth factor receptor

Question 2

EGFR leads to

Answer 2

cell proliferation

Question 3

4 targets for cancer therapies

Answer 3

• cell cycle signalling
• immune checkpoints
• angiogenesis
• epigenetic modifiers

Question 4

what is gefitinib

Answer 4

small molecule inhibitor of EGFR

Question 5

what deletion responded to gefitinib

Answer 5

deletion of exon 19

Question 6

what patients with adenocarcinoma responded to gefitinib (3)

Answer 6

• non-smokers
• women
• Japanese

Question 7

what does EGFR stimulate once its bound epidermal growth factor

Answer 7

intrinsic intracellular protein-tyrosine kinase activity

Question 8

targeted drug therapy for melanoma (2)

Answer 8

vemurafenib

dabrafenib

Question 9

targeted drug therapy for breast/ gastric cancer

Answer 9

trastuzumab

Question 10

targeted therapy for colorectal cancer

Answer 10

cetuximab

Question 11

what molecule on the tumour cell can inhibit T cells from attacking the cancer

Answer 11

PD-L1

Question 12

what use can antibodies binding to PD-L1 on the cancer be

Answer 12

they may block the interaction allowing T cells to attack the tumour

Question 13

PD-1 inhibitors (2)

Answer 13

permbrolizumab

nivolumab

Question 14

PD-L1 inhibitor

Answer 14

Atexolizumab

Question 15

where is nivolumab used

Answer 15

metastatic melanoma

Question 16

CTLA-4 means=

Answer 16

cytotoxic T-lymphocute associated protein 4

Question 17

what is CTLA-4 role in cancer

Answer 17

a protein on some T-cells that inhibits immune cell activity

Question 18

e.g of CTLA-4 inhibitors

Answer 18

ipilimumab

Question 19

name 4 pro-angiogenic factors

Answer 19

• angiogenin
• vascular endothelial growth factor
• fibroblast growth factor
• transforming growth factor