The human microbe L6 Flashcards
what defines a healthy state
a wide range of microbes
microbe=
the combined genetic material of the microorganism in a particular environment
name 6 things that may affect the microbe
diet host genetics immune response microbial co-adaptation age lifestyle
5 things the microbe of your gut affects
1.development of immune system 2,prevent colonisation with pathogens 3.produce beneficial nutrients/ compounds 4.destroying toxins 5.metabolism
when may commensal species cause infection (3)
- Spread into sterile parts of the body
- Expand in population size
- normal balance is disturbed
benefit of normal flora
competes with pathogen
describe C diff in 3 facts
Gr+
Anaerobic
spore former
C diff=
clostridium difficile
what increases the amount of C diff in the gut
antibiotic selective pressure
what can C diff cause
antibiotic associated diarrhoea
what would normally control C diff sporulation
microbiome metabolites
what causes C diff to grow (body produces)
Primary Bile salts
what inhibits vegetative growth of C.diff
Secondary bile salts
would C.diff pass Koch’s postulates
NO
dysbiosis=
imbalance of the normal gut microbial composition
prebiotics=
non-digestible food ingredient that affects the host by selecting the growth/activity of bacteria in the colon (improving health)
probiotics=
are living non-pathogenic organisms used as food ingredients to benefit the host’s health
bacteria present in upper respiratory tract (4)
Haemophilus influenzae
staphylococcus epidermidis
staphylococcus aureus
streptococcus pneumoniae
bacteria present on skin
Staphylococcus epidermis
staohylococcus aureus
lactobacillus aureus
bacteria present in large intestine
lactobacillus sp
E.coli
