Trauma and Head Injury Flashcards
1
Q
What are the main types of brain trauma?
A
Direct head trauma
Indirect head trauma
2
Q
What are the features of a direct head trauma?
A
Bruises Skin laceration Skull fracture Extradural haematoma Closed or open injury
3
Q
What are the features of an indirect head trauma?
A
No bruises Subdural haematoma Traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage Contusion Diffuse axonal injury IVH
4
Q
What are the main causes of head trauma?
A
Road traffic accidents Physical assaults Falls Sport related injuries Suicidal attempts Gun shot injuries
5
Q
What are the symptoms of a head trauma?
A
Headache Nausea and vomiting Dizziness Ataxia Seizure Unresponsive and unconscious Diplopia Slurred speech Respiratory/cardiac arrest
6
Q
What can cause an open injury to the head?
A
Sharp or blunt objects
Gun shot wounds
Explosions
7
Q
What are some of the examples of a closed head injury?
A
Extradural and subdural haemorrhage Traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage Contusion Intraventricular haemorrhage Diffuse axonal injury
8
Q
What is contusion?
A
A region of injured tissue or skin in which blood capillaries have been ruptured; a bruise
9
Q
What is a diffuse axonal injury?
A
Damage in the form of extensive white lesions in white matter tracts over a widespread injury
10
Q
What is the treatment for head trauma?
A
Surgery
CSF diversion
