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Neurology > Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 types of nervous cells

A

Neurons

Glial cells

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2
Q

What is a neuron?

A

Cell with multiple dendrites and one axon

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3
Q

How do neurons transmit action potentials?

A

Action potentials can travel in one direction from cell body to synaptic terminal

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4
Q

Where is the cell body of sensory neurons located?

A

Dorsal root ganglion

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5
Q

What is the function of myelin sheaths?

A

Increasing conduction speed in axons by saltatory conduction

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6
Q

What is multiple sclerosis?

A

Patchy loss/scarring of myelin sheath, resulting in abnormal nerve conduction across affected axons

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7
Q

What will be present on an MRI of multiple sclerosis?

A

Whitish plaques of demyelination

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8
Q

What are the different types of neurons?

A

Multipolar
Bipolar
Pseudopolar

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9
Q

How are neurons organised?

A

Axons are bundled together depending on what information they carry

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10
Q

What forms the grey matter inside the CNS?

A

Cell bodies and non myelinated axons

Nuclei

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11
Q

What forms the white matter inside the CNS?

A

Myelinated axons/ tracts of axons

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12
Q

What do cell bodies form in the periphery?

A

Ganglia

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13
Q

What do myelinated axons form in the periphery?

A

Nerves

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14
Q

What type of glial cells secrete myelin?

A

Ogliodendrocytes

Schwann

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15
Q

How is the neural tube formed?

A

Neural plate thickens and folds over

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16
Q

At what stage in development are vesicles formed?

A

Primary vesicles - week 4

2ry vesicles - week 5

17
Q

What are the ventricles of the brain?

A

2 lateral vesicles
3rd ventricle
4th ventricle

18
Q

What do the ventricles contain?

A

CSF

19
Q

Where are the lateral ventricles located?

A

Cerebral hemispheres

20
Q

Where is the 3rd ventricle located and what connects it to the lateral ventricles?

A

Diencephalon

Connected by the inter ventricular foramen

21
Q

Where is the 4th ventricle located?

A

Hindbrain

22
Q

Where is the cerebral aqueduct located?

A

Midbrain

23
Q

What are the 3 coverings of the CNS?

A

Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

24
Q

What are the 3 coverings of the CNS collectively known as?

A

Meninges

25
Q

Where is CSF located?

A

Ventricles of the brain
Central canal of spinal cord
Between the pia mater and arachnoid mater

26
Q

What is the CSF responsible for?

A

Maintaining intracranial pressure

27
Q

How many dural folds are there?

A

4

28
Q

What is the function of dural folds?

A

Keeps the various parts of the brain in place

29
Q

What is the function of the blood brain barrier?

A

Helps maintain a stable environment for the brain

Prevents harmful amino acids and ions present in bloodstream entering the brain

30
Q

What areas of the brain do not have a blood brain barrier?

A

Hypothalamus

Posterior pituitary

Neurology (39 decks)

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