Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neurology > Epilepsy > Flashcards

Epilepsy Flashcards

1
Q

What could be the cause of a blackout?

A 
Syncope 
First epileptic seizure 
Hypoxic seizure 
Concussive seizure 
Cardiac arrhythmia 
Narcolepsy 
Movement disorder 
Migraine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do you tel what type of blackout a person had?

A

History from patent
History form witnesses
Diagnostic investigations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What symptoms can occur prior to syncope?

A 
Light-headed 
Nausea 
Hot and sweating 
Tinnitus 
Tunnel vision
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the triggers for vasovagal syncope?

A 
Prolonged standing 
Standing up quickly 
Trauma 
Venepuncture 
Watching/experiencing medical procedures 
Coughing 
Micturition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the main differences in the features of syncope and seizures?

A

Syncope: upright posture, pallor common, gradual onset. rapid recovery, incontinence rare, injury rare
Seizure: any posture, pallor uncommon, sudden onset. incontinence common, slow recovery, injury quite common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the main cause of a hypoxic seizure?

A

Continued oxygen deprivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where can hypoxic seizures occur?

A

Individuals kept upright in a faint
Aircraft
Dentist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the cause of a concussive seizure?

A

After a blow to the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some of the features of a non epileptic attack?

A

More common in females
History of abuse
Can be prolonged
May look bizarre
History of medically unexplained problems
Resemble a generalised tonic clonic seizure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the investigations for a possible first seizure?

A

Blood sugar
ECG
Consider alcohol and drug influence
CT head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What advice should be given to patients?

A

Driving regulations
Enquire about employment
Enquire about potentially dangerous leisure activities
Provide safety info sheets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the features suggestive of epilepsy?

A

History of myoclonic jerks especially in morning
Absences or feeling strange with flickering lights
History of deja vu rising sensation from abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is epileptic seizure?

A

Intermittent stereotyped disturbance od consciousness, behaviour, emotion, motor function or sensation which, on clinical grounds is believed to result from abnormal neuronal discharges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the ILAE classifications of epilepsy for generalised seizures?

A 
Tonic-clonic 
Myoclonic 
Clonic 
Tonic 
Atonic 
Absence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the classification of a focal seizure?

A

Characterised according to aura, motor features, autonomic features and degree of awareness or responsiveness
May evolve into convulsive seizure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the differences between a generalised and a focal seizure?

A

Generalised: no warning, under 25yo, history of absences and myoclonic jerks, EEG abnormality, family history
Focal: any age, focal abnormality on EEG, MRI may show cause

17
Q

What are the main investigations for diagnosing epilepsy?

A

EEG
MRI (under 50yo)
Video-telemetry if unsure

18
Q

What is the first line treatment for primary generalised epilepsy?

A

Sodium valproate
Lamotrigine
Levetiracetam

19
Q

What is the first line treatment for partial and secondary generalised seizures?

A

Lamotrigine

Carbamazepine

20
Q

What is the first line treatment for absence seizures?

A

Ethosuximide

21
Q

What are the side effects of sodium valproate?

A 
Tremor 
Weight gain 
Ataxia 
Nausea 
Drowsiness 
Transient hair loss 
Pancreatitis 
Hepatitis
22
Q

What are the side effects of carbamazepine/

A 
Ataxia 
Drowsiness 
Nystagmus 
Blurred vision 
Low serum sodium levels 
Skin rash
23
Q

What are the side effects of lamotrigine?

A

Skin rash

Difficulty sleeping

24
Q

What are the side effects of levetiracetam?

A

irritability

Depression

25
Q

What are the side effects of topiramate?

A

Weight loss
Word finding difficulties
Tingling hands and feet

26
Q

What is the second line of treatment for generalised epilepsy?

A

Topiramate

Zonisamide

27
Q

What are the side effects of zonisamide?

A

Bowel upset

Cognitive problems

28
Q

What is status epilepticus?

A

Prolonged or recurrent tonic-clonic seizures persisting for more than 30 minutes with no recovery period between seizures

29
Q

What is the first line of treatment for status epilepticus?

A

Midazolam
Lorazepam
Diazepam

30
Q

What is the second line of treatment for status epilepticus?

A

Phenytoin

Valproate

Neurology (39 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions