Transport in animals continued Flashcards
Right AV valve
Tricuspid valve
Left AV valve
Bicuspid
right semi lunar valve
pulmonary semi lunar valve
left semi lunar valve
aortic semi lunar valve
Hole in the heart (5 points)
- deoxygenated blood can get into the left side.
- deoxygenated blood can be pumped around the body.
-cells do not have enough oxygen - less repiration
- less ATP production.
When do AV valves open
When the pressure in the atrium exceeds that if the ventricle.
When do AV valves close
When the pressure in atrium is less thatln the pressure in the ventricle
when do semilunar valves open
when the pressure inside the ventricles is greater than the pressure inside the artery.
when do semilunar valves close
when the pressure in the artery is more than the pressure in the ventricle.
What transport medium do insects have?
Haemolymph
arterioles and venules
give bood to capilliaries and receive blood from capillaries.
Either side of the capillary network
arterioles and venules
What is different about the smooth muscle layer in veins?
very thin
doesn’t contract
Diameter of capiliaries?
7 or 8 micrometers
What is present in tissue fluid?
- lymphocytes
- plasma (tissue fluid)
- nutrients, oxygen, and CO2
What is present in lymph?
-lymphocytes
-not much oxygen
-some co2- it’s drained and sent back to the lungs
Term for the build-up of tissue fluid?
Oedema
lower blood pressure =
less hydrostatic pressure, less tissue fluid reaches cells.
Another word for osmotic pressure?
oncotic pressure
which pressure has the higher overall net pressure, oncotic pressure or hydrostatic pressure?
Hydrostatic pressure. not all tissue fluid drains back into the capiliaries at venous end, some drains into lymph nodes
name of right AV valve?
Tricuspid
name of left AV valve?
Mitral/bicuspid
when are the AV valves open?
Diastole and atrial systole !
When are semi-lunar valves open?
Ventricular systole
Name the waves on the ECG..
P, Q,R,S, T
What does the “p” wave reprisent?
Atrial systole - caused by the wave of excitation
What does the Q R S wave represent?
ventricle systole - caused by AV node
Why is the QRS wave delayed?
so blood can fully empty from the atria.
after wave of excitation received by AV node…
Delayed, carried by bundle of his downwards to septum apex of heart, carried upwards by purkyne fibres.
an out of rhythm heart beat?
ectopic heart beat
Why does a gap in the septum make a circulatory system not a double circulatory system?
- some blood may not pass through the pulmonary circulation
- not all blood will pass through the heart twice.
Double circulatory system definition?
Blood passes through the heart twice on two different circuits
