Transport in animals continued

Question 1

Right AV valve

Answer 1

Tricuspid valve

Question 2

Left AV valve

Answer 2

Bicuspid

Question 3

right semi lunar valve

Answer 3

pulmonary semi lunar valve

Question 4

left semi lunar valve

Answer 4

aortic semi lunar valve

Question 5

Hole in the heart (5 points)

Answer 5

• deoxygenated blood can get into the left side.
• deoxygenated blood can be pumped around the body.
  -cells do not have enough oxygen
• less repiration
• less ATP production.

Question 6

When do AV valves open

Answer 6

When the pressure in the atrium exceeds that if the ventricle.

Question 7

When do AV valves close

Answer 7

When the pressure in atrium is less thatln the pressure in the ventricle

Question 8

when do semilunar valves open

Answer 8

when the pressure inside the ventricles is greater than the pressure inside the artery.

Question 9

when do semilunar valves close

Answer 9

when the pressure in the artery is more than the pressure in the ventricle.

Question 10

What transport medium do insects have?

Answer 10

Haemolymph

Question 11

arterioles and venules

Answer 11

give bood to capilliaries and receive blood from capillaries.

Question 12

Either side of the capillary network

Answer 12

arterioles and venules

Question 13

What is different about the smooth muscle layer in veins?

Answer 13

very thin

doesn’t contract

Question 14

Diameter of capiliaries?

Answer 14

7 or 8 micrometers

Question 15

What is present in tissue fluid?

Answer 15

• lymphocytes
• plasma (tissue fluid)
• nutrients, oxygen, and CO2

Question 16

What is present in lymph?

Answer 16

-lymphocytes
-not much oxygen
-some co2- it’s drained and sent back to the lungs

Question 17

Term for the build-up of tissue fluid?

Answer 17

Oedema

Question 18

lower blood pressure =

Answer 18

less hydrostatic pressure, less tissue fluid reaches cells.

Question 19

Another word for osmotic pressure?

Answer 19

oncotic pressure

Question 20

which pressure has the higher overall net pressure, oncotic pressure or hydrostatic pressure?

Answer 20

Hydrostatic pressure. not all tissue fluid drains back into the capiliaries at venous end, some drains into lymph nodes

Question 21

name of right AV valve?

Answer 21

Tricuspid

Question 22

name of left AV valve?

Answer 22

Mitral/bicuspid

Question 23

when are the AV valves open?

Answer 23

Diastole and atrial systole !

Question 24

When are semi-lunar valves open?

Answer 24

Ventricular systole

Question 25

Name the waves on the ECG..

Answer 25

P, Q,R,S, T

Question 26

What does the “p” wave reprisent?

Answer 26

Atrial systole - caused by the wave of excitation

Question 27

What does the Q R S wave represent?

Answer 27

ventricle systole - caused by AV node

Question 28

Why is the QRS wave delayed?

Answer 28

so blood can fully empty from the atria.

Question 29

after wave of excitation received by AV node…

Answer 29

Delayed, carried by bundle of his downwards to septum apex of heart, carried upwards by purkyne fibres.

Question 30

an out of rhythm heart beat?

Answer 30

ectopic heart beat

Question 31

Why does a gap in the septum make a circulatory system not a double circulatory system?

Answer 31

• some blood may not pass through the pulmonary circulation
• not all blood will pass through the heart twice.

Question 32

Double circulatory system definition?

Answer 32

Blood passes through the heart twice on two different circuits