transcription process

Question 1

transcription

Answer 1

DNA to RNA

Question 2

what is a promoter region

Answer 2

nucleotide sequence in dna that allows for particular proteins like rna polymerase etc. to bind on to DNA to make RNA

Question 3

what does a RNA pol holoenzyme contain

Answer 3

2 parts- sigma unit
and core enzyme — 2 alpha units and 2 beta units

Question 4

what do the 2 core enzymes of alpha and beta units do

Answer 4

reads 3’ to 5’ prime end and synthesizes 5’ to 3’ prime end

Question 5

what does the sigma subunit do

Answer 5

binds to DNA promoter region

Question 6

what are the steps of transcription in prokaryotic cells

Answer 6

sigma unit binds on to DNA promoter region
rna pol holoenzyme reads 3’ to 5’ prime end
and synthesizes rna to 5’ to 3’ prime end

creating rRNA, mRNA, and tRNA

Question 7

what are the steps of transcription in eukaryotic cells

Answer 7

general transcription factor binds on to rna polymerase type 1 which synthesizes the DNA creating rRNA

general transcription factor binds on to rna polymerase type 2 creating mRNA

general transcription factor binds on to rna polymerase type 3 creating tRNA and snRNA — which leads to splicing

Question 8

why is rRNA created by RNA polymerase type 1 important

Answer 8

it creates rRNA which makes up ribosomes which is needed for the translation process

Question 9

describe gene regulation

Answer 9

occurs in eukaryotic cells— has enhancers and silencers which are needed for transcription