micro chapter 8 Flashcards
genetics
study of inheritance
genome
all genetic material in a cell
gene
segment of dna that encodes for a function or a product
chromosome
tightly coiled dna
base pairs
DNA- A-T C-G
RNA- A-U C-G
genetic code
dna sequence
genomics
science that studies the genome
genotype
dna sequence
phenotype
observed genetic property
RNA
ribose nucleic acid
single stranded nucleic acid
contains ribose sugar
base pairs A-U C-G
DNA
deoxyribose nucleic acid
doubled stranded nucleic acid
contains deoxyribose sugar
base pairs- A-T C-G
what is dna replication
replicating dna
what are the fundamentals of dna replication
2 daughter cells created by a parent cell
23 paternal cells and 23 maternal cells
daughter cells contain 48 chromosomes
dna replication is semiconservative, bi-directional, and has a specific direction
what is the short version of the cell replication cycle also known as dna replication
G1, S phase, G2 , mitosis –> 2 cells
which phase does dna replication occur in the cell cycle
S phase
what does it mean that dna replication is semiconservative
dna replication starts from an old cell (parent cell) and from that creates 2 new cells by complementary bonding
what is the direction that dna replication occurs in
5” prime PO4 end to 3’ prime end OH group
what does it mean that dna replication is bi-directional
helicase unwinds DNA in both directions
