genetic transfer and conjugation ch. 8

Question 1

what are the 2 types of genetic transfers

Answer 1

vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer

Question 2

vertical gene transfer

Answer 2

occurs during reproduction between different generations of cells

parent cell- 2 daughter cells

Question 3

horizontal gene transfer

Answer 3

transfer of genes between cells of the same generation

parent cell– recombinant cells

Question 4

what are the 3 mechanisms of gene transfer

Answer 4

transformation, conjugation, and transduction

Question 5

what is conjugation

Answer 5

take up of dna via a sex pilus (sexual reproduction)

Question 6

what is F+

Answer 6

(male) has fertility factor and has sex pilus (plasmid)

Question 7

what is F-

Answer 7

(female) doesn’t have fertility factor and doesn’t have sex pilus (plasmid)

Question 8

what is plasmid

Answer 8

protein tube that can bind 2 cells together

Question 9

describe the first step in the main process of conjugation

Answer 9

cell with F+ combinds plasmid with is dna creating a sex pilus with the F- cell

Question 10

describe the 2nd step in the main process of conjugation

Answer 10

F+ cell passes the plasmid that is now attached to its dna to the F- cell

which causes the F- cell to now contain the plasmid

(dna replication)

Question 11

what is the 3rd step in the main process of conjugation

Answer 11

F- cell now contains dna and plasmid which turns the cell in a F+ cell

Question 12

in short words describe the 2nd process of conjugation

Answer 12

F+ factor (plasmid) integrates into chromosome forming a high frequency recombinant cell

Question 13

describe the first step in the 2nd process of conjugation

Answer 13

F+ cell; plasmid integrates with chromosome (DNA)

Question 14

describe the 2nd step in the 2nd process of conjugation

Answer 14

sex pilus is formed between F+ cell and F- cell
F+ cell turns into a high frequency recombinant cell (Hfr)

Question 15

describe the 3rd step in the 2nd process of conjugation

Answer 15

HFR cell passes chromosomal dna now containing plasmid into F- cell

Question 16

what are the results in the 2nd process of conjugation

Answer 16

now have a HFR cell
and a F- cell that now contains plasmid in its chromosomal dna making it an F- recombinant cell

Question 17

significance of conjugation

Answer 17

can cause bacterial cells to resist antibiotics