TPO51

Question 1

opportune

Answer 1

🔹(of a time) especially convenient or appropriate for a particular action or event; auspicious; favourable
🔸he couldn’t have arrived at a less opportune moment

🔹done or occurring at a favourable time; well timed.
🔸the opportune use of humour to lower tension

Question 2

expanse

Answer 2

🔹a wide continuous area of something; area; stretch; tract
🔸the green expanse of the forest

🔹the distance to which something expands or can be expanded.
🔸the moth has a wing expanse of 20 to 24 mm

وسعت

Question 3

conduit

Answer 3

🔹a channel for conveying water or other fluid.
لوله- مجرا- آبگذر
🔸nearby springs supplied the conduit which ran into the brewery

🔹a person or organization that acts as a channel for the transmission of something.
🔸as an actor you have to be a conduit for other people’s words

🔹a tube or trough for protecting electric wiring.
🔸the gas pipe should not be close to any electrical conduit

Question 4

artery

Answer 4

🔹any of the muscular-walled tubes forming part of the circulation system by which blood (mainly that which has been oxygenated) is conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body.
سرخرگ

🔹an important route in a system of roads, rivers, or railway lines.
🔸George Street, main artery of Edinburgh’s Golden Mile

Question 5

outwash

Answer 5

🔹material carried away from a glacier by meltwater and deposited beyond the moraine.
🔸outwash deposit

Question 6

wadi

Answer 6

🔹(in certain Arabic-speaking countries) a valley, ravine, or channel that is dry except in the rainy season.
وادی

Question 7

pasturage

Answer 7

🔹land used for pasture.
مرتع- چراگاه
🔸its rolling flood plain and adjoining hills offered rich pasturage

🔹the occupation or process of pasturing cattle, sheep, or other grazing animals.
🔸the human species has only engaged in pasturage for 12,000 to 15,000 years

Question 8

alluvium

Answer 8

🔹a deposit of clay, silt, and sand left by flowing floodwater in a river valley or delta, typically producing fertile soil.
رسوب- آبرفت

Question 9

arable

Answer 9

🔹(of land) used or suitable for growing crops.
🔸acres of arable land
🔹(of crops) able to be grown on arable land.
🔸arable crops
قابل کشت- زراعی

Question 10

rift

Answer 10

🔹form fissures or breaks, especially through large-scale faulting; move apart.
🔸a fragment of continental crust which rifted away from eastern Australia

🔹tear or force (something) apart.
🔸the nascent rifted margins of the Red Sea

شکاف زدن

Question 11

fold

Answer 11

🔹bend (something flexible and relatively flat) over on itself so that one part of it covers another.
🔸Sam folded up the map

🔹cover or wrap something in (a soft or flexible material).
🔸a bag was folded around the book

🔹hold or clasp (someone) in one’s arms affectionately or passionately.
🔸Bob folded her in his arms

🔹a pen or enclosure in a field where livestock, especially sheep, can be kept.

🔹a group or community, especially when perceived as having shared aims and values.
noun: the fold
🔸government whips tried to persuade the waverers back into the fold

Question 12

scour

Answer 12

🔹clean or brighten the surface of (something) by rubbing it hard, typically with an abrasive or detergent; scrub
🔸she scoured the cooker

🔹remove (dirt or unwanted matter) by scouring.
🔸use an electric toothbrush to scour off plaque

صیقلی کردن- زدودن- تطهیر کردن- زدودن

🔹subject (a place, text, etc.) to a thorough search in order to locate something.
🔸David scoured each newspaper for an article on the murder

🔹move rapidly in a particular direction, especially in search or pursuit of someone or something.
🔸he scoured up the ladder

Question 13

famine

Answer 13

🔹extreme scarcity of food; deprivation
🔸drought resulted in famine throughout the region

🔹a shortage; scarcity; deficiency
🔸the cotton famine of the 1860s

قحطی

Question 14

blight

Answer 14

🔹a plant disease, typically one caused by fungi such as mildews, rusts, and smuts; desease
🔸the vines suffered blight and disease

🔹a thing that spoils or damages something.
🔸the vacant properties are a blight on the neighbourhood

🔹an ugly, neglected, or rundown condition of an urban area.
🔸the city’s high-rise social housing had become synonymous with urban blight

🔹have a severely detrimental effect on; ruin; wreck; spoil
🔸the scandal blighted the careers of several leading politicians

Question 15

drill

Answer 15

🔹subject (someone) to military training exercises.
🔸a sergeant was drilling new recruits

🔹instruct (someone) in something by the means of repeated exercises or practice.
🔸I reacted instinctively because I had been drilled to do just that

🔹produce (a hole) in something by or as if by boring with a drill.
🔸drill holes through the tiles for the masonry pins

Question 16

surpass

Answer 16

🔹exceed; be greater than.
🔸pre-war levels of production were surpassed in 1929
🔹be better than; excel
🔸he continued to surpass me at all games

Question 17

noxious

Answer 17

🔹harmful, poisonous, or very unpleasant; poisonous; toxic

🔸they were overcome by the noxious fumes

Question 18

sewer

Answer 18

🔹an underground conduit for carrying off drainage water and waste matter.
فاضلاب

Question 19

exemplary

Answer 19

🔹serving as a desirable model; very good; ideal
🔸exemplary behavior

🔹characteristic of its kind or illustrating a general rule.
🔸her works are exemplary of certain feminist arguments

مثال زدنی

🔹(of a punishment) serving as a warning or deterrent.
🔸exemplary sentencing may discourage the violent minority

Question 20

paragon

Answer 20

🔹a person or thing regarded as a perfect example of a particular quality.
🔸it would have taken a paragon of virtue not to feel viciously jealous

🔹a person or thing viewed as a model of excellence.
🔸your cook is a paragon

Question 21

role model

Answer 21

🔹a person looked to by others as an example to be imitated.

الگو

Question 22

crusade

Answer 22

🔹جنگ صلیبی

🔹a vigorous campaign for political, social, or religious change.
🔸a crusade against crime

🔹lead or take part in a vigorous campaign for social, political, or religious change.
🔸a crusading stance on poverty”

Question 23

provision

Answer 23

🔹an amount or thing supplied or provided; facilities; services
🔸changing levels of transport provision

🔹supplies of food, drink, or equipment, especially for a journey.
plural noun: provisions

🔹a condition or requirement in a legal document.
🔸the first private prosecution under the provisions of the 1989 Water Act

🔹the action of providing or supplying something for use.
🔸new contracts for the provision of services

🔹financial or other arrangements for future eventualities or requirements.
plural noun: provisions
🔸farmers have been slow to make provision for their retirement

Question 24

customary

Answer 24

🔹according to the customs or usual practices associated with a particular society, place, or set of circumstances; traditional; conventional
🔸it is customary to mark an occasion like this with a toast

🔹according to a person’s habitual practice; accustomed; habitual
🔸I put the kettle on for our customary cup of coffee