TPO1 Flashcards
Circulate
🔹Move continuously and freely through a closed system or area.
(Garden kardan- be gardesh daravardan)
🔸Antibodies circulate in the bloodstream.
🔹Pass from place to place or person to person.
(Montasher kardan)
🔸Rumors of his arrest circulated.
Soak
🔹make or allow sth to become thoroughly wet by immersing it in liquid.
(Khisandan- ba maye eshba kardan-ghoote dadan)
🔸soak the beans overnight in water.
Precipitation
🔹Rain, snow, or hail that falls to or condenses on the ground.
(Baaresh)
🔸these convective processes produce cloud and precipitation.
🔹the fact or quality of acting suddenly and rashly.
(Shetaab-dastpachegi)
🔸they were already regretting their precipitation.
🔹the action or process of precipitating a substance from a solution
(Rosoob)
Grain
🔹wheat or any other cultivated cereal used as food
(Jo-gandom)
🔹dane-zare
Pebble
🔹rig- sangrize
🔹noee aghigh
🔹shishe einak
Consolidate
🔹make physically stronger or more solid.
🔸the first phase of project is to consolidate outside walls.
🔹strengthen(one’s position or power)
🔸the company consolidated its position in the international market.
🔹combine number of things into a single more effective or coherent whole
🔸all manufacturing activities have been consolidated in new premises
Gravel
🔹Shen-rig-maase
Bed
🔹bastar-kaf
Sediment
🔹rosoob-tahneshin
Coarse
🔹rough or harsh in texture
🔸a coarse cloth
🔹(of person or their speech)rude or vulgar
🔸a man of coarse speech
Laden(with)
🔹Heavily loaded or weighted down
(Sangin-Por-mamlov)
🔸a tree laden with apples
Glacial
🔹yakhbandan
Deposite
🔹put or set down(sth or so) in a specific place
(Tahneshin kardan-kenar gozashtan)
🔸he deposited a pile of school books on the kitchen table
🔹place sth somewhere for safekeeping
(Zakhire sepordan-be hesabe bank gozashtan)
🔸a vault in which guests may deposit valuable property
Overlie
🔹lie on top of-cover
Rooye chizi gharar gereftan ya khabidan
Pore
🔹(n.): soorakhe riz-manfaz
🔹(v.): be absorbed in reading or studying
🔸I spent hours poring over cookery books
🔹(v.): to think intently;ponder
(Dar daryaye tafakor ghootevar shodan)
🔸he has thoughts and pored on it
Porous=por manfaz- khelal o foraj dar
Plug
🔹block or fill in(hole or cavity)
🔸trucks arrived loaded with gravel to plug the hole and clear the rode
🔹(n.) a piece of solid material fitting tightly into a hole and blocking it up.
🔸somewhere in the pipes there is a plug of ice blocking the flow.
🔹do shakhe 🔌
Dissolve
🔹Become or cause to become incorporated into a liquid so as to form a solution
(Aab kardan-Hal kardan)
🔸glucose dissolves easily in water
🔹close down or dismiss
(Faskh kardan-monhal kardan)
🔸the National Assembly was dissolved after a coup
Percolate
🔹(of liquid or gas)filter gradually through a porous surface or substance
(Saaf kardan-rad shodan)
🔸the water percolating through the soil may leach out minerals
🔹spread gradually through an area or group of people
(Taravosh kardan-nofooz kardan)
🔸rainwater percolated between the sands and gravels that fill the valley
🔸the news of their secret wedding soon percolated throughout the city
Crevice
🔹darz- shekaf
Cavity
🔹godal-hofre
🔹kerm khordegi dandan
Drain
🔹cause the water or other liquid in sth to run out, leaving it empty or dry
🔸we drained the swimming pool
🔹(n.): abgozar-Zehkeshe fazelab
Cling
🔹hold on tightly to-adhere or stick firmly or closely to;be hard to part or remove from-remain very close to
🔸the smell of smoke clung to their clothes
🔸she clung to joes arm
🔹remain persistantly or stubbornly faithful to
(Vafadar Mandan)
🔸she clung resolutely to her convictions
Film
🔹parde nazdik-gheshaa
Speculation
🔹the forming of a theory or conjecture without firm evidence
🔸there has been widespread speculation that he plans to quit
🔹investment in stocks, property, etc. in the hope of gain but with the risk of loss
🔸the company’s move into property speculation
Draw
🔹pull
🔸A cart drawn by two horses
🔹extract an object from a container or receptacle
🔸he drew his gun and peered into a gloomy apartment
🔹be the cause of
🔹select (ticket or name)randomly to decide winners in a lottery, opponents in a sporting contest,etc
Champion
🔹(n.): a person who has surpassed all rivals in a contest
(Ghahreman)
🔹vigorously support or defend the cause of (Defa kardan- poshtibani kardan) 🔸he championed the rights of the working class and the popes
Anthropologist
Ensan shenas
Envision
🔹imagine as a future possibility;visualize
🔸she envisioned the admiring glances of guests seeing her home
Ritual
🔹A religious or solemn ceremony consisting of a series of actions performed according to a prescribed order
🔸ancient fertility ritual
Rite
🔹A religious or other solemn ceremony or act
🔸marriage/hajj rites
Accompany
🔹go somewhere with someone as a companion or escort
🔸the two sisters were to accompany us to London
🔹be present or occur at the same time as something else
🔸the illness is often accompanied by nausea
Divorce
🔹separate or dissociate something from something else, typically with an undesirable effects.
🔸religion cannot be divorced from morality.
Aesthetic
🔹concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty.
🔸the pictures gave great aesthetic pleasure.
Efficacious
🔹successful in producing a desired or intended result;effective
🔸this treatment was efficacious in some cases.
Recall
🔹bring(a fact, event, or situation)back into one’s mind;remember
🔸I can still vaguely recall being taken to the hospital
🔹officially order someone to return to a place
🔸the Panamanian ambassador was recalled from Peru.
Feat
🔹an achievement that requires great courage, skill, or strength.
🔸the new printing presses were considerable feats of engineering.
Impersonation
🔹the act of pretending to be another person for the purpose of entertainment or fraud
🔸he did an impersonation of Fred Astaire.
Virtuosity
🔹great skill in music or another artistic pursuit.
🔸a performance of considerable virtuosity.
Grace
🔹zibayi-khoobi-zerafat-jazabiat
🔹doaye feizo barekat (ghabl ya bade ghaza)
Antecedent
🔹a thing that existed before or logically preceded another
🔸some antecedents to the African novel might exist in Africa’s oral traditions.
🔹a person’s ancestors or family and social background
🔸her early life and antecedents have been traced.
Objectify
🔹degrade to the status of a mere object
🔸a deeply sexist attitude that objectifies women.
🔹express(sth abstract) in a concrete form.
🔸good poetry objectifies feeling.
Penchant
🔹a strong or habitual liking for something or tendency to do something.
🔸he has a penchant for adopting stray dogs.
Detach
🔹disengage and remove/ separate
🔸this seatbelt can be attached and detached easily.
Welfare
🔹health, happiness, and fortunes of a person or group; well-being
🔸they don’t give a damn about the welfare of their families.
Retain
🔹continue to have sth; keep possession of.
(Negah dashtan, hefz kardan, az dast nadadan)
🔸labor retained the seat
Vegetation
🔹plants considered collectively, especially those found in a particular area or habitat
Zendegi giahi o nabati-rostani
Dramatic
🔹relating to drama or the performance or study of drama
🔸the dramatic arts
🔹(of event or circumstances)sudden and striking; substantial; considerable
🔸a dramatic increase in recorded crime
🔹exciting or impressive
🔸he recalled his dramatic escape from the building
Shrub
🔹boote, golbon, derakhtche
Herb
🔹giah, alaf, rastani, boote
Arid
🔹(of land or climate)having little or no rain;too dry or barren to support vegetation; dry
🔹lacking in interest, excitement, or meaning;dull
Attain
🔹Succeed in achieving(sth that one has worked for)- reach(a specified age, size, or amount)
🔸clarify your objectives and ways of attaining them
🔸dolphins can attain speeds in water which man cannot yet emulate
Ridge
🔹baramadegi, marz, labe, nok
🔹shiardar kardan
Poor
🔹faghir- badbakht
🔹Kam- zaeef- namarghoob
Prone
🔹likely or liable to suffer from, do, or experience sth unpleasant or regrettable
🔸farm fish are prone to disease
Frost
🔹a deposit of small white ice crystals formed on the ground or other surfaces when the temperature falls below freezing
Barfak
🔹a weather condition or period of cold weather in which deposits or frost form
🔹a person’s cold or unfriendly manner
🔹a failure
(v.)
🔹cover with frost; freeze
Cessation
noun of cease(stop-end)
Ist- tavaghof- payan
Smother
🔹kill by covering their nose and mouth so that they suffocate
🔸I dreamt a stranger was trying to kill me by smothering me with a pillow
🔹extinguish a fire by covering it
🔸use a fire blanket to smother a chip-pan fire
🔹suppress(a feeling or action)
🔹(sport)stop the motion of ball or a shot
🔹cover someone or something entirely with
Avalanche
🔹bahman
🔹a sudden arrival or occurrence of sth in overwhelming quantity
🔸my desk in buried under an avalanche of letterhead
Seedling
Javane 🌱
Establish
🔹setup on a firm or permanent basis;initiate
Banaa nahadan-payerizi kardan-tasbit kardan
🔸the two countries established diplomatic relations in 1992
🔹show to be true or certain by determining the facts
Ghaboolandan-sabet kardan-be korsi neshandan
Propose
🔹our forward(a plan or suggestion)for consideration by others;suggest;offer
🔹make an offer of marriage to someone
Ibex
🔹boz koohi:))
Bud
🔹javane(zadan)-ghonche-shokoufe(zadan)
Browse
🔹survey goods for sale in casual way; window-shop;look around
🔹scan through a text,website,or collection of data to gain an impression of the contents
🔹graze
charidan
(n.)
🔹casual looking or reading
🔹vegetations such as twigs and young shoots, eaten by animals
Shoot=javane-shakhe
Bare
🔹not clothed or covered
🔹without appropriate or usual content;empty
🔹without
🔸the interior was bare of plaster
🔹basic and simple- only just sufficient
🔸the bare minimum of furniture
🔸he outlined bare essentials of the story
(v.)
🔹uncover and expose to view;unveil;denude
🔸he bared his chest to show his scar
(adv.)
🔹very;really
🔸you are bare lazy
Moss
Khaze
Prostrate
(Adj.)
🔹lying stretched out on the ground with one’s face downwards
🔸there was a man praying before an idol,lying prostrate
🔹completely overcome or helpless
🔸his wife was prostrate with shock
🔹growing along the ground
🔸mats of prostrate herbs can be used to break up expanses of soil
(V.)
🔹throw oneself flat on the ground so as to be lying face downwards,especially in reverence or submission
🔸she prostrated herself on the bare floor of church
🔹reduce someone to extreme physical weakness
🔸she was so prostrated by migraine that she could scarcely totter up the stairs to bed
Striking
🔹attracting attention by reason of being unusual, extreme, or prominent; noticeable
🔸the murder bore a striking similarity to an earlier shooting.
🔹dramatically good looking or beautiful
🔸she is naturally striking
🔹(of an employee)on strike
🔸striking mine workers
Rigor
🔹the quality of being extremely thorough and careful
Deghate ziad
🔸his analysis is lacking in rigor
🔹severity and strictness
Sakhti-sakhtgiri
🔸full rigor of the law
🔹harsh and demanding conditions
Khoshunat-tondi
🔸the rigors of harsh winter
🔹a sudden feeling of cold with shivering accompanied by a rise in temperature, often with copious sweating, especially at the onset or height of fever
Insulation
🔹Ayegh kardan
Equator
🔹ostova
Prevalent
🔹Widespread-pervasive-common
