Others Flashcards
receptive
🔹willing to consider or accept new suggestions and ideas.
🔸a receptive audience
🔹able to receive signals or stimuli.
🔸the goldfish’s vision is receptive to a wider band of light than almost any other animal
🔹(of a female animal) ready to mate.
🔸only the dominant male would have had access to the receptive female
rebellion
🔹an act of armed resistance to an established government or leader; revolt
🔸the authorities put down a rebellion by landless colonials
🔹the action or process of resisting authority, control, or convention; defiance; disobedience
🔸an act of teenage rebellion
take for granted
🔹assume that something is true without questioning it.
مسلم گرفتن
🔸George had taken it for granted that they’d get married
nudge
🔹to push someone gently, usually with your elbow, in order to get their attention
🔸Jill nudged him in the ribs.
🔹to move something or someone a short distance by gently pushing
🔸She nudged the glass towards me.
🔸David nudged me out of the way.
🔹to move forward slowly by pushing gently
🔸I started to nudge my way to the front of the crowd.
🔹to gently persuade or encourage someone to take a particular decision or action
🔸We’re trying to nudge them towards a practical solution.
🔹to almost reach a particular level or amount
🔸Outside the temperature was nudging 30 degrees Celsius.
self-made
🔹having become successful or rich by one’s own efforts.
خود ساخته
🔸a self-made millionaire
pervert
🔹distort or corrupt the original course, meaning, or state of (something); distort
🔸he was charged with conspiring to pervert the course of justice
🔹lead (someone) away from what is considered natural or acceptable.
🔸Hector is a man who is simply perverted by his time
منحرف کردن
purvey
🔹provide or supply (food, drink, or other goods) as one’s business.
🔸shops purveying cooked food
🔹spread or promote (an idea, view, etc.).
🔸we didn’t want to purvey gloom and doom
identification
🔹a person’s sense of identity with someone or something; empathy
همذات پنداری
🔸children’s identification with story characters
be in line with
🔹similar to, or at the same level as something; In keeping with given expectations, norms, ideals, or rules; following; in accordance with
🔸The company’s results are in line with stock market expectations.
inscription
🔹a thing inscribed, as on a monument or in a book.
کتیبه- ثبت
🔸the inscription on her headstone
bounce
🔹(with reference to an object, especially a ball) move quickly up, back, or away from a surface after hitting it.
🔸the ball bounced away and he chased it
🔹(of light, sound, or an electronic signal) come into contact with an object or surface and be reflected back.
🔸short sound waves bounce off even small objects
🔹jump repeatedly up and down, typically on something springy.
🔸Emma was happily bouncing up and down on the mattress
hang out
🔹(informal) to spend a lot of time in a place or with someone
🔸You still hang out at the pool hall?
🔸I’ve been hanging out backstage with the band.
account for
🔹provide or serve as a satisfactory explanation for; explain
🔸he was brought before the Board to account for his behaviour
apart from
🔹except for.
🔸the whole world seemed to be sleeping, apart from Barbara
🔹in addition to; as well as.
🔸quite apart from all the work, he had such financial problems
relatively
🔹in relation, comparison, or proportion to something else.
🔸they were very poor, but, relatively speaking, they had been lucky
🔹regarded in comparison with something else rather than absolutely; quite; comparatively
🔸the site was cheap and relatively clean
circumspect
🔹wary and unwilling to take risks; cautious; wary; careful; vigilant; prudent
محتاط- ملاحظه کار
🔸the officials were very circumspect in their statements
procure
🔹obtain (something), especially with care or effort; obtain; acquire
🔸food procured for the rebels
🔹persuade or cause (someone) to do something.
🔸he procured his wife to sign the mandate for the joint account
retain
🔹continue to have (something); keep possession of; preserve; maintain
🔸Labour retained the seat
🔹not abolish or alter; maintain; perpetuate
🔸the rights of defendants must be retained
🔹keep in one’s memory; remember; memorize
🔸I retained a few French words and phrases
🔹absorb and continue to hold (a substance).
🔸limestone is known to retain water
🔹keep (something) in place; hold fixed.
🔸remove the retaining bar
🔹keep (someone) engaged in one’s service.
🔸he has been retained as a freelance
overtime
🔹(time spent working) after the usual time needed or expected in a job:
اضافه کاری
🔸They’re doing/working overtime to get the job done on time.
🔸Everyone is on overtime (= being paid extra for working after the usual time) this weekend.
🔹a period of time in a sports game in which play continues if neither team has won in the usual time allowed for the game
discrimination
🔹the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex; bias
تبعیض
🔸victims of racial discrimination
time flies
🔹used to mean that time passes surprisingly quickly
🔸Time flies when you’re having fun.
ovation
🔹an occasion when a crowd of people expresses great enjoyment with loud clapping
🔸She was given a standing ovation at the end of her speech.
chastise
🔹to criticize someone severely
🔸The coach chastised the players for their mistakes
ratify
🔹sign or give formal consent to (a treaty, contract, or agreement), making it officially valid; confirm; approve
تصویب کردن
🔸both countries were due to ratify the treaty by the end of the year
decent
🔹conforming with generally accepted standards of respectable or moral behaviour.
🔸a decent clean-living individual
🔹of an acceptable standard; satisfactory.
🔸people need decent homes
overwhelm
🔹bury or drown beneath a huge mass of something, especially water; swamp; submerge; engulf; deluge
🔸floodwaters overwhelmed hundreds of houses”
🔹give too much of something to; inundate.
🔸they were overwhelmed by farewell messages
🔹have a strong emotional effect on; overcome
🔸I was overwhelmed with guilt
🔹defeat completely.
🔸the Irish side was overwhelmed 15–3 by Scotland
🔹be too strong for; overpower.
🔸the Stilton doesn’t overwhelm the flavor of the trout
overwheming:
🔹very great in amount; profuse; enormous
🔸his party won overwhelming support
🔹(especially of an emotion) very strong.
🔸she felt an overwhelming desire to giggle
feasible
🔹possible to do easily or conveniently; practical; achievable
🔸it is not feasible to put most finds from excavations on public display
🔹likely; probable.
🔸the most feasible explanation
ensue
🔹happen or occur afterwards or as a result; follow; arise
🔸the difficulties which ensued from their commitment to Cuba
foul
🔹offensive to the senses, especially through having a disgusting smell or taste or being dirty; disgusting
🔸a foul odour
🔹wicked or immoral; evil
🔸murder most foul
🔹containing or full of noxious matter; polluted.
🔸foul, swampy water
🔹(of the weather) wet and stormy; inclement
🔸he walked in fair and foul weather
🔹make foul or dirty; pollute; dirty
🔸factories which fouled the atmosphere
promote
🔹support or actively encourage (a cause, venture, etc.); further the progress of.
🔸some regulation is still required to promote competition
score
🔹a group or set of twenty or about twenty.
🔸a score of men lost their lives in the battle
🔹a large number of something.
🔸he sent scores of enthusiastic letters to friends
sphere
🔹an area of activity, interest, or expertise; a section of society or an aspect of life distinguished and unified by a particular characteristic; domain; realm; field
🔸political reforms to match those in the economic sphere
ingenuity
🔹the quality of being clever, original, and inventive; cleverness; innovation
🔸considerable ingenuity must be employed in writing software
genuine
🔹truly what something is said to be; authentic.
🔸genuine 24-carat gold
🔹(of a person, emotion, or action) sincere.
🔸a genuine attempt to put things right”
hostility
🔹hostile behaviour; unfriendliness or opposition; antagonism; malevolence; malice
🔸their hostility to all outsiders
🔹acts of warfare; conflict; combat
plural noun: hostilities
🔸he called for an immediate cessation of hostilities
خصومت
hospitality
🔹the friendly and generous reception and entertainment of guests, visitors, or strangers.
🔸Scotland is renowned for its hospitality
🔹relating to or denoting the business of entertaining clients, conference delegates, or other official visitors.
modifier noun: hospitality
🔸the BBC’s hospitality suite
propagate
🔹breed specimens of (a plant or animal) by natural processes from the parent stock.
🔸try propagating your own houseplants from cuttings
🔹(of a plant or animal) reproduce by natural processes; multiply
🔸the plant propagates freely from stem cuttings
🔹spread and promote (an idea, theory, etc.) widely; disseminate
🔸the French propagated the idea that the English were drunkards
🔹(with reference to motion, light, sound, etc.) transmit or be transmitted in a particular direction or through a medium.
🔸electromagnetic effects can be propagated at a finite velocity only through material substances
status
🔹relative social or professional position; standing; ranking; position
🔸an improvement in the status of women
🔹high rank or social standing.
🔸those who enjoy wealth and status
🔹importance
preposterous
🔹contrary to reason or common sense; utterly absurd or ridiculous.
🔸a preposterous suggestion
pinpoint
🔹a tiny dot or point.
🔸a pinpoint of light
🔹absolutely precise; to the finest degree.
🔸this weapon fired shells with pinpoint accuracy
🔹tiny.
🔸a pinpoint hole
🔹find or identify with great accuracy or precision; locate; spot
🔸one flare had pinpointed the target
striking
🔹attracting attention by reason of being unusual, extreme, or prominent; conspicuous; noticeable
🔸the murder bore a striking similarity to an earlier shooting
bulk
🔹the mass or size of something large; mass
🔸residents jump up and down on their rubbish to reduce its bulk
🔹the greater part of something; majority
🔸the bulk of the traffic had passed
course through
🔹To travel through something. The phrase is often used to describe the movement of liquids; run through
🔸As soon as I stepped on the stage, I could feel the adrenaline coursing through my veins. See also: course, through.
repudiate
🔹refuse to accept; reject.
🔸she has repudiated policies associated with previous party leaders
🔹deny the truth or validity of; refute; rebut
🔸the minister repudiated allegations of human rights abuses
meager
🔹(of something provided or available) lacking in quantity or quality; inadequate; scanty
🔸they were forced to supplement their meagre earnings
🔹(of a person or animal) lean; thin.
🔸a tall, meager man
postulate
🔹suggest or assume the existence, fact, or truth of (something) as a basis for reasoning, discussion, or belief; presume; hypothesize; posit
🔸his theory postulated a rotatory movement for hurricanes
impediment
🔹a hindrance or obstruction in doing something; hindrance; obstruction; bar
🔸a serious impediment to scientific progress
🔹a defect in a person’s speech, such as a lisp or stammer(لکنت).
inadvertently
🔹without intention; accidentally.
🔸his name had been inadvertently omitted from the list
empirical
🔹based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic; experimental; observed; factual
🔸they provided considerable empirical evidence to support their argument
legitimately
🔹in a way that conforms to the law or to rules.
🔸they can prove that the funds were acquired legitimately
🔹in a way that can be defended with logic or justification; fairly; properly
🔸nobody can legitimately argue that he didn’t pay his dues
enjoy
🔹possess and benefit from.
🔸the security forces enjoy legal immunity from prosecution
relentless
🔹unceasingly intense; persistent; perpetual
🔸the relentless heat of the desert
🔹harsh or inflexible.
🔸a patient but relentless taskmaster
authoritative
🔹able to be trusted as being accurate or true; reliable.
🔸clear, authoritative information and advice
🔹(of a text) considered to be the best of its kind and unlikely to be improved upon.
🔸this is likely to become the authoritative study of the subject
🔹commanding and self-confident; likely to be respected and obeyed; assured; confident
🔸his voice was calm and authoritative
🔹proceeding from an official source and requiring compliance or obedience.
🔸authoritative directives
curious
🔹strange; unusual; peculiar
🔸a curious sensation overwhelmed her
punctuate
🔹occur at intervals throughout (an area or period).
🔸the country’s history has been punctuated by coups
🔹interrupt or intersperse something with.
🔸she punctuates her conversation with snatches of song
seek
seek sought sought
🔹attempt to find (something).
🔸they came here to seek shelter from biting winter winds
🔹attempt or desire to obtain or achieve (something); persue; attempt; strive
🔸the new regime sought his extradition
🔹ask for (something) from someone.
🔸he sought help from the police
prolong
🔹extend the duration of; extend
🔸an idea which prolonged the life of the engine by many years
prolonged:
🔹continuing for a long time or longer than usual; lengthy.
🔸the region suffered a prolonged drought
viable
🔹capable of working successfully; feasible.
🔸the proposed investment was economically viable
🔹(BOTANY) (of a seed or spore) able to germinate.
🔸most clones can produce thousands of viable seeds
🔹(BIOLOGY) (of a plant, animal, or cell) capable of surviving or living successfully, especially under particular environmental conditions.
🔸the largest and most viable population of this endangered vetch
provoke
🔹stimulate or give rise to (a reaction or emotion, typically a strong or unwelcome one) in someone; give rise to; evoke
🔸the decision provoked a storm of protest from civil rights organizations
🔹stimulate or incite (someone) to do or feel something, especially by arousing anger in them.
🔸a teacher can provoke you into working harder
🔹deliberately make (someone) annoyed or angry; annoy
🔸Rachel refused to be provoked
splendid
🔹magnificent; very impressive.
🔸a splendid view of Windsor Castle
🔹excellent; very good; wonderful; marvellous
🔸a splendid fellow
give rise to
🔹cause to happen; produce; induce; precipitate; provoke
🔸decisions which give rise to arguments
inevitably
🔹as is certain to happen; unavoidably; necessarily; inescapably; naturally; automatically
🔸inevitably some details are already out of date
renown
🔹the condition of being known or talked about by many people; fame; repute; eminence
شهرت
🔸authors of great renown
nonetheless
🔹in spite of that; nevertheless; however; yet; though
🔸the rally, which the government had declared illegal, was nonetheless attended by some 6,000
abound
🔹exist in large numbers or amounts.
🔸rumours of a further scandal abound
🔹have in large numbers or amounts.
🔸this area abounds with caravan sites
compelling
🔹evoking interest, attention, or admiration in a powerfully irresistible way; captivating; engrossing
🔸his eyes were strangely compelling
🔹not able to be refuted; inspiring conviction; cogent
🔸there is compelling evidence that the recession is ending
🔹not able to be resisted; overwhelming.
🔸the temptation to give up was compelling
vanish
🔹disappear suddenly and completely.
🔸Moira vanished without trace
🔹gradually cease to exist.
🔸the environment is under threat—hedgerows and woodlands are vanishing
meet
🔹deal with
providing
🔹on the condition or understanding that; if
🔸we have the team which can win the league, providing we avoid bad injuries
resilient
🔹(of a person or animal) able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions.
🔸babies are generally far more resilient than new parents realize
🔹(of a substance or object) able to recoil or spring back into shape after bending, stretching, or being compressed; flexible; pliable
🔸a shoe with resilient cushioning
stockpile
🔹accumulate a large stock of (goods or materials); accumulate; amass
🔸he claimed that the weapons were being stockpiled
trauma
🔹a deeply distressing or disturbing experience.
🔸a personal trauma like the death of a child
🔹emotional shock following a stressful event or a physical injury, which may lead to long-term neurosis.
🔸the event is relived with all the accompanying trauma
🔹physical injury; damage
🔸rupture of the diaphragm caused by blunt trauma
fashion
🔹a manner of doing something; manner; way
🔸the work is done in a rather casual fashion
elegant
🔹graceful and stylish in appearance or manner.
🔸she will look elegant in black
🔹(of a scientific theory or solution to a problem) pleasingly ingenious and simple.
🔸the grand unified theory is compact and elegant in mathematical terms
luminosity
🔹luminous quality; brightness
🔸acrylic colours retain freshness and luminosity
impart
🔹make (information) known; communicate; pass on; convey
🔸the teachers imparted a great deal of knowledge to their pupils
🔹bestow (a quality); give; grant
🔸shiitake mushrooms impart a wonderfully woody flavor to the salad
strew
🔹scatter or spread (things) untidily over a surface or area.
🔸a small room with newspapers strewn all over the floor
mandate
🔹give (someone) authority to act in a certain way.
🔸the rightful king was mandated and sanctioned by God
🔹require (something) to be done; make mandatory.
🔸the government began mandating better car safety
allegiance
🔹loyalty or commitment to a superior or to a group or cause; faithfulness
وفاداری- تبعیت- بیعت- سرسپردگی
🔸those wishing to receive citizenship must swear allegiance to the republic
awkward
🔹causing difficulty; hard to do or deal with; tricky
🔸some awkward questions
🔹deliberately unreasonable or uncooperative.
🔸you’re being damned awkward!
🔹causing or feeling uneasy embarrassment or inconvenience; uncomfortable
🔸he had put her in a very awkward position”
🔹not smooth or graceful; ungainly; clumsy
🔸Luther’s awkward movements impeded his progress”
🔹uncomfortable or abnormal.
🔸make sure the baby isn’t sleeping in an awkward position
comparable
🔹able to be likened to another; similar; equivalent
🔸the situation in Holland is comparable to that in England
🔹of equivalent quality; worthy of comparison; as good as
🔸nobody is comparable with this athlete
staple
🔹a main or important element of something; regular feature
🔸bread, milk, and other staples
🔹a main item of trade or production.
🔸rubber became the staple of the Malayan economy
🔹main or important, especially in terms of consumption; principal; primary
🔸the staple foods of the poor
🔹most important in terms of trade or production.
🔸rice was the staple crop grown in most villages
spur
🔹give an incentive or encouragement to (someone); stimulate; motivate; encourage
🔸her sons’ passion for computer games spurred her on to set up a software business
resurgence
🔹an increase or revival after a period of little activity, popularity, or occurrence; renewal; revival; comeback
🔸a resurgence of interest in religion
