TPO21

Question 1

harness

Answer 1

🔹put a harness(افسار-دهانه) on (a horse or other draught animal).
🔸how to groom a horse and harness it

🔹control and make use of (natural resources), especially to produce energy; exploit; utilize
🔸attempts to harness solar energy

Question 2

reservoir

Answer 2

🔹a large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply; pool; lake; pond
🔸the more water we use, the more land has to be flooded for reservoirs

🔹a supply or source of something; stock;
🔸Scotland has always had a fine reservoir of comic talent

Question 3

drill

Answer 3

🔹produce (a hole) in something by or as if by boring with a drill.
🔸drill holes through the tiles for the masonry pins

🔹subject (someone) to military training exercises.
🔸a sergeant was drilling new recruits

🔹instruct (someone) in something by the means of repeated exercises or practice.
🔸I reacted instinctively because I had been drilled to do just that

Question 4

molten

Answer 4

🔹(especially of materials with a high melting point, such as metal and glass) liquefied by heat; melted; liquid

Question 5

disposal

Answer 5

🔹the action or process of getting rid of something; discarding
🔸the disposal of radioactive waste

🔹the action of overcoming a rival or threat.
🔸England’s 4-0 disposal of Turkey

🔹the sale of shares, property, or other assets.
🔸the disposal of his shares in the company

🔹(LITERARY) the arrangement of something.
🔸she brushed her hair carefully, as if her success lay in the sleek disposal of each gleaming black thread

Question 6

rift

Answer 6

🔹a crack, split, or break in something; fracture
🔸the wind had torn open a rift in the clouds

🔹(geology) a major fault separating blocks of the earth’s surface; a rift valley.

🔹a serious break in friendly relations; split
🔸the rift between the two branches of the legal profession

Question 7

brusque

Answer 7

🔹abrupt or offhand in speech or manner.
خشن- بی ادب- تند
🔸she could be brusque and impatient
🔸she said brusquely: “everyone pay for himself!”

Question 8

fluidity

Answer 8

🔹the ability of a substance to flow easily.
🔸lead especially assists in the fluidity of the molten metal

🔹smooth elegance or grace.
🔸they moved with supreme skill and graceful fluidity

🔹the state of being unsettled or unstable; changeability.
🔸tactical considerations can change rapidly given the fluidity of the situation

Question 9

gear

Answer 9

(n.)
🔹دنده- چرخ دنده
🔸the third gear
🔸put the car in the gear

🔹equipment or apparatus that is used for a particular purpose.
🔸camping gear

(v.)
🔹to make something ready or suitable for a particular purpose or effective operation
🔸Our program is geared to the needs of children.
Phrasal verb
🔹 to adjust so as to match, blend with, or satisfy something
🔸gearing wages to productivity

Question 10

pastoralism

Answer 10

🔹چوپانی

Question 11

horticulture

Answer 11

🔹the art or practice of garden cultivation and management; gardening
باغبانی

Question 12

anthropology

Answer 12

🔹انسان شناسی

Question 13

inquire

Answer 13

🔹ask for information from someone.
🔸he inquired about cottages for sale

🔹ask about the health and well-being of (someone).
🔸Annie inquired after her parents

🔹ask to see or speak to (someone).
🔸that was Paul inquiring for you—I told him he couldn’t come in

🔹investigate; look into; probe
🔸the task of political sociology is to inquire into the causes of political events

Question 14

contention

Answer 14

🔹heated disagreement; dispute
🔸the captured territory was the main area of contention between the two countries

🔹an assertion, especially one maintained in argument.
🔸Freud’s contention that all dreams were wish fulfilment

Question 15

recount

Answer 15

🔹tell someone about something; give an account of an event or experience; describe; relate; narrate
🔸I recounted the tale to Steve

Question 16

amnesia

Answer 16

🔹a partial or total loss of memory.

🔸they were suffering from amnesia

Question 17

blossom

Answer 17

🔹a flower or a mass of flowers, especially on a tree or bush.
🔸tiny white blossoms

🔹(of a tree or bush) produce flowers or masses of flowers; bloom
🔸a garden in which roses blossom

🔹mature or develop in a promising or healthy way; develop; grow; evolve
🔸their friendship blossomed into romance

Question 18

relay

Answer 18

🔹a group of people or animals engaged in a task or activity for a period of time and then replaced by a similar group.
🔸the wagons were pulled by relays of horses

🔹receive and pass on (information or a message); pass on; transfer
🔸she intended to relay everything she had learned

Question 19

intertwine

Answer 19

🔹twist or twine together; intertwist
🔸a net made of cotton intertwined with other natural fibres

🔹connect or link (two or more things) closely.
🔸as with most traditions, fact and fiction have become inextricably intertwined

Question 20

revolve

Answer 20

🔹move in a circle on a central axis; move in a circular orbit around; circulate; wheel; whirl; rotate; spin; orbit
🔸the earth revolves around the sun

🔹treat as the most important element.
🔸their whole lives revolved around the company

🔹consider (something) repeatedly and from different angles.
🔸her mind revolved the possibilities

Question 21

prevail

Answer 21

🔹prove more powerful or superior; win; truimph
🔸it is hard for logic to prevail over emotion

🔹be widespread or current in a particular area or at a particular time; exist
🔸a friendly atmosphere prevailed among the crowds

🔹persuade (someone) to do something; convince
🔸she was prevailed upon to give an account of her work

Question 22

friction

Answer 22

🔹the resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another.
🔸a lubrication system which reduces friction
اصطکاک- سایش

🔹conflict or animosity caused by a clash of wills, temperaments, or opinions; disharmony; disunity
🔸a considerable amount of friction between father and son

Question 23

take aback

Answer 23

🔹 to surprise or shock (someone) —usually used as (be) taken aback
🔸When I told him my answer, he seemed taken aback

Question 24

allude

Answer 24

🔹suggest or call attention to indirectly; hint at; mention without discussing at length; imply; mention; refer to
🔸she had a way of alluding to Jean but never saying her name
اشاره کردن- گریز زدن

Question 25

venom

Answer 25

🔹a poisonous substance secreted by animals such as snakes, spiders, and scorpions and typically injected into prey or aggressors by biting or stinging; poison; toxin
🔸snake venoms have different effects

🔹extreme malice and bitterness shown in someone’s attitudes, speech, or actions; rancour; malevolence
🔸his voice was full of venom
کینه