Topic 41 - General history and classification of blood cells

Question 1

General histology describes:

Answer 1

• The origin of a given tissue
• The morphology of tissue components,
• The function of the tissue
• Classification within a tissue group

Question 2

Definition of tissue:

Answer 2

An assembly of cells with similar morphology, and intercellular tissue components (ground substance, fibres, if any) which associate to form organs and systems and are engaged to fulfill specialized functions.

Question 3

Organisation levels:

Living:

Answer 3

1. Organism
2. Organs
3. Tissues
4. Cells

Question 4

Organisation levels:

Non-living:

Answer 4

5. Organic macromolecules
6. Organic micromolecules
7. Inorganic molecules
8. Atoms, ions

Question 5

The Cell theory?

Answer 5

• Matthias Schleiden 1838: plants are made up by cells

- Theodor Schwann 1839: animals are made up by cells

Question 6

The law of Virchow

Answer 6

Rudolf Virchow 1858: - Each cell derives from another cell

Question 7

Marie Francois Bichat (1771-1802):

Answer 7

The first definition of the tissue, the founder of histology, but without microscope!

Question 8

Marcello Malpighi: 1628-1694):

Answer 8

„Father of histology” He used the microscope and described several microscopic structures.

Question 9

Origin of the word „histology”:

Answer 9

• Mayer, 1819: created the term; histos= tissue, logos=study

- Sir Richard Owen (1804-1892): recommends the usage

Question 10

Henle (1809-1885):

Answer 10

-the first histology-based extensive microscopical investigations

Question 11

Golgi (1844-1926):

Answer 11

-pioneering methodical development: the silver impregnation of the nervous tissue

Question 12

Classification of blood vessels:

Homeostasis

Answer 12

-stability of internal environment (ionic, osmotic, thermal, pH).

Question 13

How are blood vessels classified?

Answer 13

Vessels are classified based on direction blood is carried:

Question 14

Classification:

3types

Answer 14

Arteries-vessels carrying blood from heart to tissue.
Veins-vessels carrying blood to the heart.
Capillaries-Between the two. The smallest where nutritients are waste are exchanged

Question 15

Arteries

Answer 15

-Elastic arteries: close to the heart
-Muscular arteries:
large caliber arteries
• Medium caliber arteries
• Small arteries
• Arterioles

Question 16

Veins

Answer 16

	large veins
	medium caliber veins
	small veins
	muscular venules
	postcapillary venules

Question 17

Capillaries

Answer 17

 Continuous capillaries
 Fenestrated capillaries
 Sinuses

Question 18

Composition:?

3 elements?

Answer 18

Tunica intima
Tunica media
Tunica adventitia

Question 19

Tunica intima (innermost layer):

Answer 19

-thin. Composed of endothelium, basal lamina, and subendothelial CT tissue,

Question 20

Tunica media:

Answer 20

-thickest in arteries. Composed of smooth muscle, elastic fibres, collagen, reticular fibres, and fibrocytes.

Question 21

Tunica adventitia:

Answer 21

-thickest layer in veins. Composed of connective tissue, longitudinal collagen and elastic fibres, vasa vasorum, nervi vasculares, and smooth muscle (only veins).