Topic 27 - Supportive tissue : Cartilages

Question 1

What is supportive tissue?

Answer 1

connective tissues specialized for supportive role

Question 2

Types of supportive tissue:

Answer 2

-Embryonic: notochord

-Adult:
•cartilage:
 -hyaline cartilage
 -elastic cartilage
 -fibrocartilage
•bone:
 -spongy, or trabecular
 -lamellar

Question 3

What other tissue may also be classified into the group of supportive tissues, and why?

Answer 3

adipose tissues - due to their supportive function, according to certain classification,

Question 4

What is tyical for supportive tissue?

Answer 4

Avascular(lack of blood vessel)
Aneural
Lymphatic

Question 5

Avascularity(lack of blood vessels) results in?

Answer 5

• low metabolic rate
• increased degeneration
• poor healing
• transplant requires perichondrium.

Question 6

Supportive tissue is composed of?

Answer 6

chondrocytes and firm ECM (fibers and ground substane). ECM allows tissue to support and bend.

Question 7

What is the role of Perichondrium?

Answer 7

covers cartilage and supplies oxygen and nutrients via diffusion, composed of inner vascular layer and outer fibrous layer

Question 8

Hyaline cartilage:

Dominated by?

Answer 8

dominated by ground substance and multicellular condrons, provides tensile strength.

Question 9

HC is completeley surrounded by?

Answer 9

perichondrium = maintenance of teh cartilage

Question 10

Hyaline Cartilage:

Developement?

Answer 10

• clusters of mesenchymal cells (at the center of chondrification)
• chondroblasts (produce ground substance of packed collagen fibres)
• chondrocytes (in lacunae).

Question 11

Hyaline Cartilage:

Structure: Lacuna

Answer 11

-Individual chondrocytes are contained within the lacuna.
 2-4
-Lacuna are surrounded by the
 pericellular matrix, followed by the
 territorial matrix, and finally the
 interterritorial matrix.

Question 12

Hyaline cartilage:
Structure:
Each condrocyte contains?

Answer 12

a defined nucleus, chondrocytes are lightly stained

Question 13

Hyaline Cartilage:
Structure:
ECM: def.?

Answer 13

firm gel laced with collagen fibrils surrounding chondrons, ground substance contains GAGs, chondroitin sulphate, and keratin sulphate

Question 14

Hyaline Cartilage

Occurence?

Answer 14

articulation surfaces, nose, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, axial and appendicular embryonic skeleton

Question 15

Elastic Cartilage:

Is dominated by?

Answer 15

dominated by elastic fibres and single celled chondrons, provides elasticity.

Question 16

Elastic Cartilage:

How is the strucutre?

Answer 16

dense network of elastic fibres surround the chondrons

Chondrocytes are often solitary, arranged in rows. Cell dusters made of less cells. Perichondrium surrounds.

Question 17

Elastic cartilage?

Occurence?

Answer 17

external ear, epiglottis, external auditory canal, larynx cartilage (corniculate and cuneiform).

Question 18

Fibrocartilage:

Is dominated by?

Answer 18

dominated by collagen fibres and a few chondrocytes, provides tensile strength (against pulling force).

Question 19

Fibrocartilage:

Occurence?

Answer 19

intervertebral discs, menisci, tendon-ligament interface, as well as in the atrial and ventricular heart muscles