Topic 21 - Blood: granulocytes and agranulocytes

Question 1

polymorphonuclear granulocytes; types

Answer 1

neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils

Question 2

Neutrophils
Originate from
Morphology
Two types
function
pus

Answer 2

most common.
-red bone marrow and last 7-8 hours
-Most segmented nuclei. Size: 10-12 mm.
Moderately stained granules
-specific (lysozyme, lactoferritin alkaline phosphatase) or azurophilic (lysosomal enzymes such as peroxidase
-phagocytose (microphages)
Able to pass through capillary walls to site of infection.
-composed of phagocytosed bacteria and dead neutrophils.

Question 3

Eosinophils
morphology
originate from
specific granule

Answer 3

• bilobed nuclei, granules stain bright red. Size: 10-12 mm.
• red bone marrow and last 8-12 days
• control allergic reactions, phagocytose, and defend against parasitic worms.
• crystal structure varies between species. Contain lysosomal hydrolases, major basophilic protein (MBP) and eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP), eosinophil-derived neurotoxin, antihistamin and slow reacting substance (SRS).

Question 4

Basophile
Morphology
Originate
Function
granules

Answer 4

-U- or kidney-shaped nuclei, large purple granules.
Size: 10 mm, amount: very rare
-red bone marrow and function is similar to CT mast cells.
-contains histamine (allergic reactions) and heparin (anticoagulant).

Question 5

Mononuclear agranulocytes

types

Answer 5

lyphocytes

monocytes

Question 6

lymphocytes
morphology
origin
granules
function

Answer 6

-Large nucleus with thin cytoplasmic rim. Size: 7-12 mm (large-medium-small)
-red bone marrow
-No stained granules in cytoplasma, excepts some stained azurophilic granules
• Develop into B- and T- lymphocytes
-Function: provide immunity.

Question 7

monocytes
morphology
granules
originate from

Answer 7

• Large kidney-shaped nuclei. Size: up to 17 mm
• No granules in the cytoplasm except azurophilic small granules
• Originate from red bone marrow, circulate blood for a couple days before entering the CT and transform to macrophage.