Topic 4 - Biodiversity Flashcards

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1
Q

Define biodiversity

A

Verity of living organisms in a given area

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2
Q

Define species diversity

A

Number and abundance of different species in an area

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3
Q

Define endemic (endemism)

A

When a species is unique to a single place

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4
Q

What is the purpose of conservation

A

To help maintain biodiversity particularly species vulnerable to extinction

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5
Q

What is the advantage of taking a sample

A

Less time consuming than counting every individual organism

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6
Q

How can you avoid biasing your sample

A

It should be random (co-ordinates and a random number gen)

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7
Q

What equipment is used for sampling plants?

A

Quadrat

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8
Q

Equipment for insects?

A

Sweepnet

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9
Q

Equipment for ground insects

A

Pitfall trap

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10
Q

Equipment for aquatic animals

A

Net

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11
Q

How can you measure diversity within a species

A

By looking at genetic diversity

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12
Q

Define species

A

Group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring (and are reproductively isolated in time, place, or behaviour)

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13
Q

Define community

A

All living organisms (of all populations) present in an area

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14
Q

Define Population

A

Group of interbreeding individuals belonging to one species (in one habitat)

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15
Q

Define habitat

A

Particular place where a community of organisms is found

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16
Q

Define Niche

A

Where it lives +
How it fits in (e.g where in food chain)

17
Q

Define environment

A

All Biotic and Abiotic that surround and affect survival of organism or population

18
Q

Define INTERspecific competition

A

Competition for resources between members of different species

19
Q

Intraspecific competition

A

Competing for resources between members of same species

20
Q

Behavioural adaptation

A

Actions by an organism that gives a survival advantage

21
Q

Suggest how genetic variation occurs (5)

A
  1. Meiosis
  2. Crossing over of chromatids
  3. Independent assortment of chromosomes/ alleles
  4. Random mating
  5. Mutations