Topic 4 - Biodiversity Flashcards
Define biodiversity
Verity of living organisms in a given area
Define species diversity
Number and abundance of different species in an area
Define endemic (endemism)
When a species is unique to a single place
What is the purpose of conservation
To help maintain biodiversity particularly species vulnerable to extinction
What is the advantage of taking a sample
Less time consuming than counting every individual organism
How can you avoid biasing your sample
It should be random (co-ordinates and a random number gen)
What equipment is used for sampling plants?
Quadrat
Equipment for insects?
Sweepnet
Equipment for ground insects
Pitfall trap
Equipment for aquatic animals
Net
How can you measure diversity within a species
By looking at genetic diversity
Define species
Group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring (and are reproductively isolated in time, place, or behaviour)
Define community
All living organisms (of all populations) present in an area
Define Population
Group of interbreeding individuals belonging to one species (in one habitat)
Define habitat
Particular place where a community of organisms is found
Define Niche
Where it lives +
How it fits in (e.g where in food chain)
Define environment
All Biotic and Abiotic that surround and affect survival of organism or population
Define INTERspecific competition
Competition for resources between members of different species
Intraspecific competition
Competing for resources between members of same species
Behavioural adaptation
Actions by an organism that gives a survival advantage
Suggest how genetic variation occurs (5)
- Meiosis
- Crossing over of chromatids
- Independent assortment of chromosomes/ alleles
- Random mating
- Mutations
