Genetic Engineering

Question 1

Define genetic engineering

Answer 1

Inserting gene from one species into another’s DNA to form recombinant DNA

Question 2

What is the old to do genetic engineering

Answer 2

1. Copy of RNA of desired gene
2. Use reverse transcriptase to make DNA from RNA template
3. Insert into plasmid

Question 3

What are the 3 enzymes

Answer 3

1. Reverse transcriptase: builds DNA from RNA
2. Restriction enzyme: cut open plasmid and also desired gene
3. Liagse: stick sticky ends together

Question 4

What are the vectors

Answer 4

1. Plasmid
2. Virus
3. DNA gun

Question 5

Outline the process of putting DNA in plasmid

Answer 5

1. RE makes staggered cut at desired gene, also cut open plasmid
2. Gene inserted, H bonds between sticky ends, also add genetic marker
3. Bacteria heated to encourage them to take up Recombinant plasmid
4. Only bacteria with plasmid survive antibiotics

Question 6

Two issues with GM crops

Answer 6

1. Pass on gene to related species to then have super weeds

2. Virus mutates to form harmful pathogen