Plant Minerals And Drugs Flashcards
What are minerals?
Inorganic ions
What is involved with uptaking water and mineral ions
Absorbed through root and travel through xylem
What will happen is play does not get enough minerals or water
Will show deficiency symptoms like stunted growth
What 4 things do a plant need
- Water
- Magnesium ions
- Nitrate ions
- Calcium ions
What is water needed for?
- Photosynthesis
- Transport minerals
- Maintain structural rigidity
- Regulate temperature
What are magnesium ions needed for
Production of chlorophyll- pigment needed in photosynthesis
What are nitrate ions needed for?
- DNA production
- Protein production
- Chlorophyll
- Plant growth
- Fruit production
- Seed production
What are calcium ions needed for
Important component in cell wall, required for plant growth
What is better about modern day drug testing
- Drug testing protocols much more controlled
- Drugs tested on computer models for potential effects and on human tissue
- Then on animals
Describe phase 1 of a clinical trial
- Small group of healthy individuals
2. To find out correct dosage, side effects and the way the body reacts
Phase 2
- If passes phase 1
2. Tested on larger group of patients to see how well it actually works
Describe phase 3
- Drug compared to existing treatments
- 100s or 1000s of patients (large sample more reliable)
- Patients randomly split into new drugs group and existing drug group to see if new drug better
What are two ways To make the trail more valid
- Placebo
2. Double blind
Explain placebos
- Phase two, on group given drug, other is given an inactive substance that resembles drug
- Patients show placebo effect because they believe they are getting better
- If drug group improve more than placebo the drug works
Describe double blind
- Phase 2 and 3 are usually done double blind (neither patient or doctor knows)
- Reduces bias as attitudes can’t affect the result
