TOPIC 1B. The external surface of the heart, its base and its structure

Question 1

Where is the heart situated

Answer 1

between rib 3-6, mainly left side of thorax (60%)

Question 2

where does the heart sit

Answer 2

in the mediastinum, separating left and right pleurae

Question 3

where does the right auricle face

Answer 3

cranial and left

Question 4

where does the left auricle face

Answer 4

caudal and left

Question 5

facies auricularis

Answer 5

faces left thoracic wall

Question 6

facies atrialis

Answer 6

faces right thoracic wall

Question 7

margo ventricularis dextra

Answer 7

cranial margin, is convex

Question 8

margo ventricularis sinistra

Answer 8

caudal margin, is concave

Question 9

basis cordis

Answer 9

dorsal, cranial has hilus where great vessels attach

Question 10

apex cordis

Answer 10

ventral and caudal, has incisura cordis from sulcus paraconalis

Question 11

describe ru and eq heart

Answer 11

large,
axis nearly verticle
apex 2-3cm from sternum

Question 12

what lig joins eq and ru heart to sternum

Answer 12

lig sternopericardiaca

2 in ru and sus

Question 13

describe canine heart

Answer 13

small,

axis tilted

Question 14

what lig is a continuation of pericardium fibrosum to the diaphragm

Answer 14

lig phrenicocardiaca

Question 15

name the cardiac wall layers

Answer 15

epicardium, myocardium and endocardium

Question 16

what is the pericardium

Answer 16

fibrous layer of the heart

Question 17

name the layers of the pericardium

Answer 17

1. fascia
2. pleura
3. pericardium fibrosum
4. pericardium serosum with lamina parietalis, cavum pericardi (with liquer pericardii) and lamina visceralis

Question 18

what marks the separation of the atria and ventricles

Answer 18

sulcus coronalias

Question 19

what does sulcus coronalias contain

Answer 19

coronary vessels and fat

Question 20

describe path of sulcus interventricularis paraconallis

Answer 20

starts at base of pulm trunk under left auricle, runs across facies auricularis to incisura apex cordis.
goes caudal to conus arteriosus of right ventricle

Question 21

what does sulcus interventricularis paraconalis contain (2)

Answer 21

r interventricularis paraconalis of left coronary artery and v cordis magna

Question 22

where is sulcus interventricularis subsinosus

Answer 22

caudodorsally on facies atrialis

starts below sinus venarum cavarum

Question 23

what does sulcus interventriculosus subsinosus contain (2)

Answer 23

terminal branch of left coronary artery; r interventricularis subsinosis and v cordis media

Question 24

what may appear in cartilage of ru

Answer 24

anuli fibrosi- orifices of bone (4) - surround av, aoritc and pulmonary openings