Topic 11 part 1

Question 1

Personality

Answer 1

Pattern of enduring characteristics that produce consistency and individuality in each person

Question 2

Psychoanalytic theory

Answer 2

Unconscious forces act as determinants of personality

Question 3

Unconscious

Answer 3

contains memories knowledge beliefs, feelings urges, instincts - outside of out awareness

• Freud argues much of our behaviour is motivated by unconscious

Question 4

Personality 3 interacting components

Answer 4

Id

• Pleasure principle, unconscious urges & Desires

Ego

• Reality principle, the executive

Superego

• Ego ideal, moral guardian, “perfect person”

Question 5

Freud’s stages of personality (psychosexual development)

Answer 5

Oral Stage (1st year)

• Pleasure in sucking & eating
• Oral fixation

Anal stage (Ages 2 - 4)

• Pleasure from retention of expulsion
• Anal fixation

Phallic stage (Ages 4 - 6)

• Pleasure in manipulating genitals
• Oedipus complex/Elektra complex

Latency stage (Ages 6 - 12)

• sexual desires are dormant
• Consolidates personality traits developed in earlier stages

Genital stage (12+)

• Focus on mature sexual intimacy and relationships

Question 6

Oedipus complex

Answer 6

unconscious wish to take father’s place because of desire for mother

Question 7

Elektra complex

Answer 7

Desire for father & penis envy

Question 8

Defense mechanism

Answer 8

Tools the ego uses to mediate between the id, superego, and external reality

when conflict rises the ego may employ defense mechanism to reduce anxiety

Question 9

Repression

Answer 9

Blocking certain thoughts/feelings from consciousness

Question 10

Denial

Answer 10

Refuse to acknowledge repressed feelings/thoughts

Question 11

Regression

Answer 11

Relating to the earlier stage of psychosexual development when under stress

Question 12

Projection

Answer 12

Attributes threatening impulse to others

Question 13

Displacement

Answer 13

Divert impulses toward a more acceptable object

Question 14

Neo-Freudian psychoanalysts

Answer 14

Psychoanalysis who were trained in traditional Freudian theory but who later rejected some of its major points

• Less emphasis on sex
• Expanded views on unconscious
• Optimistic view of human nature

Question 15

Carl Jung: The collective unconcious

Answer 15

The shared reservoir of memories and expreinces common to all humans, distinct from the personal unconscious

Question 16

Archetypes

Answer 16

Universal symbols appearing in art, mythos, stories & dreams

• Guide our instincts & behaviour shape common responses
• Personality growth involves nitrating archetypes into consciousness

Introduced introversion & extraversion

Question 17

Alfred Adler

Answer 17

Motivation

• Striving for superiority rather than sexual conflict

Inferiority complex

• Affects adults who have not been able to overcome inferiority feelings from childhood - compensation

Question 18

Erick Erikson, Anna Freud

Answer 18

Focused less on inbron sexual & aggressive drives, and more on social and cultural factors