TONGUE/ FLOOR Flashcards
the floor of the oral cavity is formed by
- mylohyoid muscles
- geniohyoid muscles
- tongue
- salivary glands with their ducts present on the floor of the oral cavity proper
mylohyoid muscle
a muscular diaphragm composed of the paired mylohyoid muscles
geniohyoid muscle
two cord like above the diaphragm
tongue
it is superior to the geniohyoid
what is the tongue
The tongue is a muscular structure that forms part of the floor of
the oral cavity and part of the anterior wall of the oropharynx
Its anterior part is in the oral cavity and is somewhat
triangular in shape with a blunt apex of the tongue
the apex is directed anteriorly and sits
immediately behind the incisor teeth
the root of the tongue is attached to the mandible and the hyoid bone(fixed)
forms the pharyngeal surface that becomes oriented more in the vertical plane= posterior 1/3 of tongue
the body of the tongue is the mobile anterior part of the tongue that forms
forms oral surface of the tongue
the tongue is oriented in the horizontal plane= anterior 2/3 of tongue
the oral and the pharngeal surfaces are separated by
a v-shaped terminal sulcus of the tongue
this terminal sulcus forms inferior margin of the
oropharyngeal isthmus between the oral and pharyngeal cavities
at the apex of the v-shaped sulcus is a
small depression( the foramen of the tongue) which marks the site in the embryo where the epithelium invaginated to form the thyroid gland
function of the tongue
- formation of bolus and deglutition
- speech
- taste
surfaces of the tongue
- superior/oral
2. posterior/pharyngeal
the superiror surface of the oral part of the tongue is covered by a thin firmly attached mucous membrane with hundreds of papillae
- filiform= cone shaped, have taste buds
- fungiform= round and concentrated along margins of the tongue
- vallate= largest, blunt ended cylindrical
- foliate= linear folds of mucosa
the papillae the
area of contact between the surface of the tongue and the contents of the oral cavity
inferior surface of the tongue
The under surface of the oral part of the tongue lacks papillae, but it does have a number of linear mucosal folds
anterior surface of the tongue= a single median fold is
A single median fold (the frenulum of the tongue) is continuous with the mucosa covering the floor of
the oral cavity, and overlies the lower margin of a midline sagittal septum, which internally separates
the right and left sides of the tongue
pharyngeal surface
The mucosa covering the pharyngeal surface of the tongue is irregular in contour because of the many
small nodules of lymphoid tissue in the submucosa.
o These nodules are collectively the lingual tonsil.
o There are no papillae on the pharyngeal surface.
the tongue is essentially a mass of muscles covered
by mucosa
The muscles of the tongue do not act in
in isolation, and some muscles perform multiple actions
extrinsic muscles
alter the position of the tongue
originate outside the tongue and attach to it
a. genioglossus
b. hyoglossus
c. styloglossus
d. palatoglossus
intrinsic muscles
alter the shape of the tongue
they have thier attachement entirely within the tongue and are not attached to a bone
a. superior and inferiror longitudinal
b. transverse
c. vertical muscles
The four intrinsic and four extrinsic muscles in each half of the tongue are separated by a
y a median fibrous
lingual septum, which merges posteriorly with the lingual aponeurosis, this means that all muscles of the tongue are paired
except of the platoglossus which is innervated by vagus nerve cnx all muscles are innervated by the
hypoglossal nerve CNXII
