FACE AND SCALP

Question 1

layers of the scalp

Answer 1

S- skin
C-connective tissue
A- aponeurotic layer
L- loose areolar connective tissue
P- pericranium

Question 2

SKIN

Answer 2

1. thin expect at the occipital region
2. has sebaceous and sweat gland and hair follicle
3. abundant blood supply and lymphatic drainage

Question 3

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Answer 3

1. dense
2. connect the skin to the third layer
3. has cutaneous nerves
4. contains arteries and veins that supply the scalp

Question 4

APONEURESIS

Answer 4

1. CONSISTS OF occipitofrontalis muscles which include
2. frontal belly anteriorly
3. occipital belly posteriorly
4. aponeurotic tendon connecting the two

Question 5

PERICRANIUM

Answer 5

1. dense layer of connective tissue
2. forms the outer periosteum of the calvaria
3. removable except at the area of the sutures

Question 6

arterial supply to the scalp

Answer 6

1. arteries that supply the scalp are either branches coming from the EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY or the OPHTHALMIC ARTERY

Question 7

external carotid artery branches

Answer 7

1. the occipital artery
2. posterior auricular- behind the ear
3. superficial temporal arteries

Question 8

ophthalmic artery( internal carotid artery)

Answer 8

1. supply the anterior scalp
2. supratrochlear artery
3. superficial temporal arteries

Question 9

VENOUS DRAINAGE

Answer 9

1. supra-orbital and supratrochlear veins- drain the anterior part of the scalp.
2. superficial temporal veins- drain the skull anterior/lateral to the auricles.
3. posterior auricular vein- drain the scalp posterior to the auricles.
4. occipital veins- drain occipital part of the scalp.
5. deep temporal veins- drains deep parts of the scalp, it is tributaries of the pterygoid venous plexus

Question 10

innervation of the scalp

Answer 10

1. anterior to the auricles of the external ears is through the division of the TRIGEMINAL NERVE.
2. posterior to the auricles is supplied from the branches of spinal cutaneous nerve

Question 11

trigeminal nerve branches

Answer 11

1. supratrochlear nerve
2. supra-orbital nerve
3. zygomaticotemporal nerve
4. auriculotemporal nerve

Question 12

spinal cutaneous nerve branches

Answer 12

1. great auricular nerve
2. lesser occipital nerve
3. greater occipital nerve
4. third occipital nerve

Question 13

SCALP

Answer 13

extends from superciliary arch to external occipital protuberance and superior nuchal lines posteriorly, laterally it continues with the zygomatic arch

Question 14

lymphatic of the scalp

Answer 14

1. mastoid nodes- posterior to the vertex of the
   head, mastoid drains into upper deep cervical nodes
2. pre-auricular and parotid nodes, anterior to the vertex of the head and ear on the surface of parotid gland