TOEFL - Set 9 Flashcards
hunger
n. 饥饿
hurl
vt. 用力投掷 (throw/cast/toss)
hurricane
n. 飓风/暴风雨 (storm)
husk
n. (果类或谷物)外壳;皮 (shell/outer covering)
vt. 剥…的壳;削皮 (remove the husk from)
hustle
n. 挤/推/拥挤喧嚷 (bustle)
hydrogen
n. 氢
hygiene
n. 卫生 (cleanliness/sanitation)
hypersensitive
adj. 高灵敏度的;感觉过敏的
hypothesis
n. 假设/假说 (assumption/theory)
hypothesize
vt. 假设/假定 (speculate/suppose)
iceberg
n. 冰山
ice sheet
冰层
ice cream cone
冰淇淋蛋卷
icicle
n. 冰柱/冰垂
icon
n. 圣像/偶像 (idol/image)
n. 图标 (symbol)
iconographic
adj. 图解的
identical
adj. 同一的;完全相同的 (duplicate/alike)
identify
vt. 识别/认出;鉴定 (detect/spot/find out/discover)
identification
n. 辨认;鉴定
identifiable
adj. 可辨认的 (traceable)
identity
n. 身份 (individuality/character)
ideology
n. 意识形态 (beliefs/ideas/philosophy)
ideological
adj. 意识形态的
idiom
n. 方言/土语;习惯用语 (lingo)
idiomatic
adj. 惯用的/通顺的
idyllic
adj. 田园诗的 (pastoral/rural)
ignite
v. 点燃/使燃着 (catch fire/burn/light)
ignorant
adj. 无知的;不了解的 (unlearned/uneducated;unaware)
ignorance
n. 无知/不了解
ignore
vt. 忽视;不顾/不理会 (disregard/overlook/neglect)
illegible
adj. 难以辨认的/(字迹)模糊的 (unreadable/unclear)
illiterate
adj. 文盲的;缺乏教育的 (uncultured/uneducated)
illuminate
v. 照明/照亮 (light up/brighten)
v. 说明/阐明 (clarify/explain/illustrate)
illumination
n. 照明;启发
illusion
n. 幻觉;错觉 (misconception)
illusive
adj. 迷惑人的;错觉的 (deceptive/misleading)
illustrate
vt. (用图或例子)说明/阐明 (represent/demonstrate/depict)
illustration
n. 例证;插图 (picture/drawing)
image
n. 图像/肖像;形象 (picture/figure)
imaginative
adj. 富于想象力的
imaginary
adj. 想象中的/虚构的 (unreal/fanciful/visionary)
imagery
n. (艺术/文学)肖像/形象;形象化的比喻 (image/figurative writing)
imbibe
v. 吸;吸收 (drink;absorb/take in)
imitate
vt. 仿效/模仿 (mimic/emulate/copy)
imitation
n. 模仿;仿制品 (fake/emulation)
immediate
adj. 立即的;(在时空上/关系上)最接近的;目前的 (prompt/instantaneous/close)
immediately
adv. 立即/马上 (right/directly)
immense
adj. 巨大的;无边的 (enormous/colossal/boundless)
immigrant
n. (自外国移入)移民 (alien/non-native)
immigration
n. 外来的移民/移居入境
immobile
adj. 固定的/不动的 (stationary/fixed)
immune
adj. (对…)免疫的/不受影响的 (exempt/resistant)
immune system
免疫系统
immunity
n. 免疫/免疫性 (protection/exemption/freedom)
impact
n. 影响 (influence/effect)
n. 撞击/冲击
impair
vt. 损害/使弱 (hurt/damage)
impart
vt. 传授;传递/传达 (deliver/convey/transmit)
impartial
adj. 公正的/无偏见的 (unbiased/fair)
impede
vt. 妨碍/阻碍 (hinder/interrupt/hamper)
impediment
n. 妨碍/阻碍(物) (hindrance/obstacle/block)
impending
adj. 即将发生的/逼近的 (approaching/imminent)
imperative
adj. 必要的;强制的 (necessary/essential)
n. 命令;需要/必要的事
impermeable
adj. 不可渗透的;不透水的 (impervious/impenetrable)
impersonal
adj. 不受个人感情支配的/客观的/无私的 (detached/disinterested/objective)
impersonate
vt. 模仿/扮演 (mimic/imitate)
impersonation
n. 模仿/扮演
impetus
n. 推动力;激励物 (driving force;incentive)
implement
n. 工具/器具 (tool/instrument)
vt. 实行/实施 (execute/carry out/perform)
implication
n. 暗示/意义 (significance/meaning/hint)
n. 牵连 (involvement)
imply
vt. 暗示/意味 (suggest/hint)
import
vt./n. (贸易)进口
impose
vt. 把…强加于;施加影响 (demand/force/inflict)
imposing
adj. 使人难忘的/壮丽的 (impressive/grand)
impressive
adj. 给人深刻印象的;威严的 (imposing/grand)
imprint
n. 印痕/痕迹;深刻的印象 (trace;impression)
vt. 压印/牢记 (impress/stamp)
imprisonment
n. 监禁 (confinement/incarceration)
improbable
adj. 不可能的 (unlikely/impossible)
impulse
n. 冲动;刺激/驱使 (force/urge)
in conjunction with
结合 (concomitant with)
in accord with
与…一致
in common
共有/有共同之处
in scale
相称/成比例
in terms of
根据;就…而论
inaccessible
adj. 难达到的/不可及的;不能得到的 (unreachable;not available/unattainable)
inactivate
vt. 使…不活跃
inanimate
adj. 无生命的 (lifeless)
inappropriate
adj. 不适当的/不相称的 (unsuitable/improper)
inaugurate
v. 创新/开辟 (begin/initiate)
v. 使就职 (install/set up)
incapacitate
vt. 使失去能力;使不胜任 (disable/disqualify)
incense
n. 熏香;焚香的烟
vt. 激怒 (anger/enrage)
incentive
n. 动机 (motivation/motive)
incessant
adj. 不停的/连续的 (unending/constant/unceasing)
incident
n. 事件 (occurrence/event/happening)
incidentally
adv. 附带地/偶然地 (by chance/accidentally)
incidence
n. 发生/出现;发生频率 (occurrence)
incisive
adj. 深刻的/尖锐的 (sharp/penetrating)
incise
vt. 切割 (cut/carve)
inclination
n. 嗜好/倾向 (preference/tendency)
inclined
adj. 倾向…的
adj. 倾斜的/有坡度的 (sloping/slanted)
inclusive
adj. 包含的/包括的 (comprehensive/being included)
incomprehensible
adj. 不能理解的/费解的 (unintelligible/inapprehensible)
incongruity
n. 不一致/不和谐 (incompatibility/disharmony)
incongruous
adj. 不协调的/不一致的 (incompatible/discordant)
incorporate
vt. 合并/并入;包含 (merge/unite;contain)
incorporation
n. 结合/合并 (unification/alliance)
incredible
adj. 难以置信的/惊人的 (unbelievable/fabulous)
incredulity
n. 怀疑/不相信 (disbelief)
incur
vt. 招致/引起 (cause/arouse)
indefinite
adj. 模糊的;不明确的 (unclear/vague;uncertain)
indefinitely
adv. 不确定地;无穷尽地 (endlessly/incessantly)
indented
adj. 锯齿状的/高低不平的
indicate
vt. 指示/指出;象征/表明 (show/reflect/evidence;imply/suggest)
indicative
adj. 指示的/预示的 (suggestive/expressive)
indifferent
adj. 不感兴趣的/漠不关心的 (apathetic/unconcerned)
indifference
n. 冷漠/不关心 (apathy/unconcern/distinterest)
indiscriminately
adv. 随意地;不加区别地 (unnoticingly/randomly)
indiscrimination
n. 歧视 (unfair treatment)
indispensable
adj. 不可缺少的/必需的 (essential/requisite)
individualism
n. 个人主义
induce
vt. 诱使/促使;导致 (bring about/cause)
inducible
adj. 可诱导的
industrial
adj. 工业的
industrialization
n. 工业化
industrialized
vt. 工业化的
industrious
adj. 勤勉的 (assiduous/diligent/sedulous)
ineligible
adj. 无资格的;不适当的 (unsuitable/incompetent)
inert
adj. 惰性的;不活泼的 (inactive)
inevitably
adv. 不可避免地/必然地 (unavoidably/inescapably)
inextricably
adv. 无法摆脱地 (inevitably)
infection
n. 传染(病)
infectious
adj. 传染性的/易传染的 (contagious/contaminating)
inferior
adj. (等级/社会地位/质量等)差的;(较)低的 (poor;lower)
inferiority
n. 自卑感
infest
vt. 骚扰/大批滋生 (overrun/swarm)
infiltrate
vt. 使透过/渗透 (spread to/permeate/penetrate)
inflate
vt. 使膨胀/使充气 (expand/fill with air or gas)
inflation
n. 通货膨胀
inflexible
adj. 坚定的 (rigid/stiff/stubborn)
inflict
vt. 造成;(使)遭受(痛苦/损伤等) (impose/cause)
influential
adj. 有影响的;有权势的 (important/powerful/significant)
influenza
n. 流行性感冒
informed
adj. 受过教育的/见多识广的 (educated/knowledgeable)
be informed about
熟悉 (be acquainted with)
infuse
vt. 注入/灌输 (ingrain/instill)
ingenious
adj. 机灵的/有独创性的 (clever/inventive/crafty)
ingeniously
adv. 天才地/独创地
ingredient
n. 配料/成份 (component/element)
inhabit
vt. 居住于/栖息于 (live in/occupy/reside in)
inhabitant
n. 居民/住户 (resident/occupant)
inherent
adj. 固有的/内在的 (intrinsic/built in/natural)
inherit
vt. 继承 (receive)
inheritance
n. 遗产 (bequest/heritage/legacy)
inhibit
vt. 抑制;阻止 (restrain/curb/hinder/deter)
initiate
vt. 开始/发起 (begin/originate/start)
initial
adj. 最初的/初始的 (early/preliminary/oldest)
n. 开头大写字母
initially
adv. 最初/开头 (in the beginning/at first)
inject
vt. 注射;注入/灌溉 (put in/infuse)
innate
adj. 先天的/天生的 (inborn/congenital)
innermost
adj. 最里面的;内心的/秘密的 (most personal)
innocent
adj. 无辜的/清白的;天真的 (naive/gullible)
innovation
n. 改革/创新 (novelty)
innovative
adj. 创新的/革新的 (novel)
innumerable
adj. 无数的/数不清的 (countless/numerous)
inorganic chemical
无机化合物
inquiry
n. 质问;调查 (investigation/quest)
insanity
n. 精神错乱/疯狂 (madness/craziness)
insert
vt. 插入 (input/enter)
insight
n. 洞察力/见识 (understanding)
insist
vt. 坚持认为;坚决主张 (maintain/contend)
insistence
n. 坚持
inspect
vt. 检查;审查 (look over/examine)
inspection
n. 检查/细看
inspector
n. 检查员/巡视员
inspire
vt. 鼓舞;给…以灵感 (encourage/inspirit;fire the imagination of)
inspiring
adj. 使人振奋的/鼓舞的
inspiration
n. 灵感
install
vt. 安装/设置 (set up/fix)
installment
n. 分期付款 (monthly payment)
instantaneous
adj. 瞬间的/即刻的 (instant/immediate)
instinct
n. 本能/直觉 (intuition/drive/nature)
instinctive
adj. 天生的/本能的 (spontaneous)
instinctively
adv. 本能地;凭直觉地
institute
n. 学院;学会/协会
vt. 开始;制定 (establish/start)
institution
n. 机构;惯例 (institute/organization;custom/convention)
institutionalize
v. 使制度化
instructive
adj. 有益的;教育性的 (didactic/enlightening)
instruct
vt. 教;命令 (teach)
instruction
n. 命令/指示;教学 (direction;teaching)
instrument
n. 仪器;工具;乐器 (tool/implement/device)
instrumental
adj. 起重要作用 (effective/helpful/necessary)
adj. 用乐器演奏的;为乐器谱写的
instrumentalist
n. 器乐家/器乐演奏者
insulation
n. 绝缘;隔离;孤立 (isolation/separation)
insulin
n. 胰岛素
insult
vt. 侮辱/凌辱 (offend/affront)
insulting
adj. 侮辱性的/欺负人的
insurmountable
adj. 不能克服的/不能超越的 (insuperable/overwhelming)
intact
adj. 尚未被人碰到的/完整的 (unaltered/integrated/whole)
integral
adj. 整体的;构成整体所需的 (complete/full;essential)
integrate
vt. 使成为整体/使一体化 (unify/synthesize/coordinate)
integrated
adj. 整合的/一体化的
integrity
n. 完整性;正直/诚实 (virtue/honesty)
intellect
n. 智力
intellectual
n. 知识分子
adj. 智力的
intelligent
adj. 聪明的/有才智的 (ingenious/wise/bright)
intelligence
n. 智力;聪明
intelligible
adj. 明了的/可理解的 (understandable/comprehensible)
intense
adj. 强烈的/剧烈的 (extreme/acute)
intensify
vt. 加强;扩大 (strengthen;magnify)
intensive
adj. 加强的;集中的/密集的 (thorough;concentrated)
intentionally
adv. 有意地/特意地 (deliberately/consciously)
intention
n. 意图/目的=intent (motive/purpose)
interaction
n. 相互作用 (communication)
interact
vi. 互相作用/互相影响 (interplay)[interact with]
interactive
adj. 交互式的
interconnected
adj. 相互连接的
interconnecting
adj. 相互连接的
interdependence
n. 互相依赖 (interconnection/interrelation)
interest
n. 兴趣;利息 (attention/curiosity;dividend/yield)
interfere
vi. 妨碍;干涉 (disrupt/hinder/obstruct)[interfere with]
interference
n. 冲突;干涉
interior
n./adj. 内部(的) (inside/inner part/internal/inner)
interlocking
adj. 连锁的/关联的
intermediate
adj. 中间的/中级的 (middle)
intermittent
adj. 间歇的/断断续续的 (periodic/recurrent)
internal
adj. 内在的 (inside/interior)
interpersonal
adj. 人与人之间的;关于人与人之间关系的
interpretation
n. 解释 (explanation)
interrupt
vt. 打断/使中断 (impede/discontinue)
intersect
vi. 相交 (cross/meet)
intersection
n. 十字路口/交叉点
interstellar
adj. 星际的
interval
n. 间隔时间 (pause/break)
intervention
n. 干涉/介入 (interference)
intimate
adj. 亲密的 (close/familiar)
adj. (知识)渊博的 (deep/profound)
intimacy
n. 亲密/熟悉
intoxication
n. 陶醉/醉酒 (inebriation;drunkenness)
intrepid
adj. 勇敢的 (fearless/courageous/brave)
intricate
adj. 复杂的/错综的 (complex/comlicated/entangel)
intricately
adv. 杂乱地
intrigue
vt. 激起…的兴趣 (fascinate/captivate)
intriguing
adj. 吸引人的/引起兴趣(或好奇心)的 (attractive/fascinating/engaging)
intrinsic
adj. 固有的/内在的 (inherent/essential/fundamental)
introspective
adj. 自省的/反省的 (self-examining/introverted/contemplative)
intrusion
n. 侵扰/干扰 (encroachment/infringement/violation)
intruder
n. 入侵者/闯入者 (trespasser/burglar)
intruding
adj. 入侵性的
invade
vt. 侵略/侵犯 (move into/intrude/aggress)
invasion
n. 入侵 (raid/attack/aggression)
invader
n. 侵略者
invariably
adv. 不变地/总是 (constantly/always)
inventory
n. 存货清单;库存品 (check list)
invertebrate
n./adj. 无脊椎动物(的)
vertebrate
n./adj. 脊椎动物(的)
investigate
vt. 调查/研究 (explore/research/survey)
investigation
n. 调查 (inquiry)
inviting
adj. 诱人的/引人心动的 (attractive/tempting)
involuntary
adj. 不知不觉地/无意识的 (automatical/unintentional)
ion
n. 离子
irony
n. 反讽/讽刺 (sarcasm/satire)
ironic
adj. 讽刺的 (satiric)
irregular
adj. 不规则的/不整齐的 (piecemeal/inconstant)
irregularly
adv. 不规则地 (erratically/unevenly)
irrelevant
adj. 离题的;无关的 (extraneous/impertinent)
irreparable
adj. 不能挽回的 (irreversible)
irresistible
adj. 无法抗拒的/无法抵抗的;诱人的 (overwhelming;tempting/charming)
irresponsible
adj. 不负责的 (reckless/carefree)
irreverent
adj. 不敬的 (disrespectful/impious)
irreverence
n. 不敬;不敬的行为
irreversible
adj. 不可改变的;不可撤销的 (irrevocable/final/unchangeable)
irrevocable
adj. 不能取消的
irrigate
vt. 灌溉 (water)
irrigation
n. 灌溉
irritate
vt. 激怒;使过敏 (prickle/annoy/provoke)
irritable
adj. 易怒的/急躁的 (easily annoyed/grouchy/touchy)
irritating
adj. 刺激的;使人愤怒的/气人的 (exasperating/annoying)
isolate
vt. 使隔离/使孤立 (seclude/separate)
isolated
adj. 与世隔绝的/偏僻的;孤独的 (remote/secluded/solitary)
isolation
n. 隔离;孤立 (separation/detachment)
issue
n. 问题 (subject/topic/problem)
n. (报刊的)期 (edition/publication)
v. 发行 (release/publish)
itinerary
n. 路线 (route/course)
itinerant
adj. 巡回的 (traveling/wandering/nomadic)
jar
n. 罐/广口瓶 (pitcher/vase)
vt. 震动;刺激/震惊 (vibrate/jolt;shock)
jealousy
n. 妒忌/羡慕 (envy/covetousness)
jelly
n. 果冻/胶状物
jellyfish
n. 水母
jewel
n. 宝石 (gemstone/gem)
jewelry
n. 珠宝
jeweler
n. 宝石商/宝石匠
jibe with
与…一致
jog
vi. 慢跑 (run)
jogging
n. 慢跑
jolt
n. 震动/颠簸 (shake)
vt. 使颠簸/猛击 (bounce/shake)
jolting
adj. 令人震惊的 (shocking)
journal
n. 期刊/杂志 (magazine/periodical)
n. (航海)日记;分类帐 (log/diary)
journalist
n. 新闻记者
journalistic
adj. 新闻事业的/新闻工作的
journalism
n. 新闻业/报章杂志
jubilant
adj. 欢腾的/喜气洋洋的 (exultant/happy/merry)
judgement
n. 判断 (decision/appraisal)
n. 判决 (sentence)
judicious
adj. 明智的;有判断力的 (wise/prudent)
