TOEFL - Set 7 Flashcards
equivalent
n. 等同品
adj. 相等的/等同的;等值的 (interchangeable/comparable/tantamount)
eradicate
vt. 根除/杜绝 (completely destroy/eliminate/exterminate)
erect
vt. 使树立;建立/创立 (construct/stand/set up)
erode
v. 腐蚀/侵蚀 (wear away/corrode/wash away)
erosion
n. 腐蚀/侵蚀 (corrosion)
excessive
adj. 过度的/过分的/过多的 (extreme/inordinate/too much)
exchange
n./vt. 兑换/交换 (substitute/trade in/change)
excitement
n. 激动/兴奋;刺激
excite
vt. 刺激/使兴奋 (arouse)
exciting
adj. 令人兴奋的/刺激的 (sensational)
exclaim
vt. 呼喊;惊叫 (call/shout)
exclude
vt. 把…排除在外/排斥 (leave out of/keep out of/reject) [exclude from]
exclusion
n. 排除/逐出 (omission/rejection)
exclusive
adj. 单独的/唯一的;排外的 (single/sole/only)
exclusively
adv. 排外地/专有地 (only/purely/strictly)
excursion
n. 远足/游览 (trip/journey)
excuse
vt. 原谅 (forgive)
n. 藉口/理由 (reason/pretext)
execute
vt. 完成/实施/执行 (carry on/administer)
execution
n. 实施/执行;完成 (accomplishment/putting into practice)
executive
adj. 行政的 (administrative)
n. 执行者/经理主管人员
exemplary
adj. 模范的/典范的/可仿效的 (modeled/ideal/paradigmatic)
exemplify
vt. 例证;作为…的例子 (illustrate)
exempt
vt. 使免除/豁免 (be free from)
exempt from
免除 [exempt…from]
exemption
n. 解除/免除
exert
vt. 运用/行使/施加 (cause/apply/exercise)
exertion
n. 尽力/努力 (effort/struggle)
exhale
vt. 呼出/呼气 (breathe out)
exhaust
n. 排气/排气装置
vt. 用尽/耗尽/使筋疲力尽 (use up)
exhausted
adj. 精疲力尽的 (depleted/tired)
exhausting
adj. 使用尽的/令人疲乏不堪的 (grueling)
exhibit
vt. 展现;展览 (display/show)
exhibition
n. 展览会;展览品 (exposition/presentation/show)
exhilarating
adj. 爽快的/使人愉快的
exhilarate
vt. 使人兴奋 (stimulate)
exit
n. 出口 (outlet)
exorbitant
adj. (价格/索价)过高的/过分的 (expensive/excessive)
exotic
adj. 异国的/外来的;奇异的 (foreign/alien;unusual)
expand
v. 扩大/膨胀;扩张 (dilate/spread out)
expanding
adj. 扩大的/增加的 (increasing)
expansion
n. 扩张/发展 (growth)
expanse
n. 广阔的区域 (patch)
expedition
n. 远征;探险队
expel
v. 驱逐/开除;排出 (oust;discharge)
expenditure
n. 支出/花费
expertise
n. 专门技术/技能 (skill)
expire
vi. 期满/到期 (end)
vi. 呼气 (exhale)
explicit
adj. 明确的/清楚的 (clear/distinct/unequivocal)
implicit
adj. 暗示的/含蓄的 (tacit/implied/suggested)
explode
vi. 爆炸;爆发 (erupt/blow up)
exploit
vt. 开拓;开采/开发 (utilize)
exploitation
n. 开发/开采
explore
vt. 探险/勘探 (investigate)
vt. 仔细检查/探究 (examine/search)
explorer
n. 探险家/探测者
exploration
n. 勘察;探究
explosive
adj. 爆炸的;易爆发的
n. 炸药
exposition
n. 博览会/展览会 (exhibition/fair)
exposure
n. 暴露;曝光 (disclosure)
express business
特快专递业务
express train
特快列车
expressive
adj. 有表现力的/富有表情的/生动的 (eloquent/demonstrative/indicative)
expressly
adv. 特意地/专门 (particularly/specifically)
extension
n. 延长/扩充 (supplement/expansion)
extend
v. 延长;扩大 (stretch/prolong/inrease)
extended
adj. 延长的/扩大的
extensive
adj. 广的;多方面的/广泛的 (widespread/far-reaching/wide)
exterior
n. 外部/外表 (outside/appearance)
exterminate
vt. 根除/灭绝 (eliminate/annihilate/eradicate)
external
adj. 外部的;表面的 (exterior/outer)
extinct
adj. 灭绝的;不再活跃的/熄灭的 (nonexistent/vanished/dead)
extinction
n. 消失/灭绝
extol
vt. 赞美 (praise/exalt/laud)
extract
vt. 拔出;榨取 (derive/remove/squeeze)
n. 精/汁;榨出物 (essence/substance)
extraordinary
adj. 特别的/非凡的 (exceptional/remarkable/outstanding)
extraordinarily
adv. 显著地
extremity
n. 末端;极端/极度 (end/utmost point;limit)
exuberant
adj. 充满活力的 (high-spirited/lively)
adj. (植物)繁茂的 (abundant/luxurious)
eyewitness
n. 目击者 (witness)
erratic
adj. 古怪的/反复无常的 (eccentric/unusual)
erratically
adv. 不规则地 (irregularly/off and on)
error
vt. 做错/出差错 (deviate)
eruption
n. 爆发/喷发 (outbreak)
erupt
vi. 喷出/爆发 (explode/burst out)
escalate
vi. 逐步升高/逐步增强 (rise)
vt. 使逐步上升 (increase)
escalator
n. 电动扶梯
escape
v. 逃脱/逃走;避开/避免 (flee/elude/avoid)
escapist
adj./n. 逃避现实的(人)
essential
adj. 绝对必要的;本质的/根本的 (necessary/critical/vital/indispensable/fundamental)
estate
n. 财产;不动产 (property)
real estate
房地产
estimate
vt. 估计 (assess/appraise)
underestimate
vt. 低估/看轻 (underrate/undervalue)
overestimate
vt. 评价过高
eternal
adj. 永恒的;永远的 (forever/everlasting)
eternally
adv. 永恒地
ethics
n. 伦理学;道德规范 (morals;principles)
ethically
adv. 在伦理上/道德上
ethnic
adj. 种族的 (racial)
etiquette
n. 礼仪/礼节 (manners/decorum)
evaluate
vt. 评价/估价 (judge/appraise)
evaporate
v. (使)蒸发;消失 (vaporize/disappear)
evaporation
n. 蒸发;消失
eventful
adj. 多事的/充满大事的;意义重大的 (busy/momentous)
eventual
adj. 最终的 (ultimate/final)
eventually
adv. 终于 (ultimately/finally)
evergreen
adj. 常绿的
n. 常绿树;常绿植物
evidence
n. 证据 (proof/testimony)
vt. 证明;表明/显示 (reveal/indicate)
evident
adj. 明显的 (obvious/apparent/clear)
eviscerate
vt. 取出内脏;除去主要部分
evoke
vt. 引起/激起/唤起 (bring out/arouse)
evolution
n. 发展/演变 (development/progression)
evolve
v. 进化/发展 (develop/grow)
evolutionary
adj. 发展的/进化的
exact
adj. 精确的/准确地 (precise)
exacting
adj. 苛求的/要求严格的 (trying/severe)
exaggerate
v. 夸大/夸张 (overstate/magnify)
exaggeration
n. 夸张 (overstatement)
exalted
adj. 崇高的/高贵的 (superior/noble/lofty)
excavate
vt. 挖掘/挖出 (unearth/dig out)
excavation
n. 挖掘
exceed
vt. 超越/胜过
excel
vi. 胜过/杰出 (be superior)
excellent
adj. 优良的/杰出的 (outstanding/splendid)
exception
n. 例外
exceptional
adj. 异常的/杰出的 (extraordinary/unusual)
exceptionally
adv. 特殊地;异常地 (extremely)
excess
adj. 过度的/额外的 (extra/superfluous)
n. 过量/超过
fable
n. 寓言/神话 (tale/myth)
fabric
n. 织物/布 (cloth/stuff)
n. 结构/构造 (structure/framework)
facade
n. 正面;表面 (face;appearance)
facet
n. 面;(问题等的)方面 (aspect/side )
multifaceted
adj. 多层面的
face
vt. 面对 (confront/encounter)
facilitate
vt. 使容易;有助于/促进 (promote/expedite )
facilitation
n. 促进/帮助
facility
n. 设施/设备 (equipment/device)
facsimile
n. 复制品/传真 (reproduction/duplicate)
faction
n. 派别/宗派/小集团 (group/sect)
petrifaction
n. 石化/化石
satisfaction
n. 满意/满足
factor
n. 因素;变量 (consideration/element;variable)
factual
adj. 事实的/实际的 (real/actual)
faculty
n. 教职工的总称 (staff/teachers)
n. 才能/能力 (ability/aptitude)
fade
vi. 逐渐消失 (disappear/die out)
vi. 褪色/枯萎 (lose color)
faint
adj. 微弱的;模糊的;无力的 (dim;feeble/weak)
v. /n. 昏倒
faintly
adv. 微弱地
fairly
adv. 公平地;相当地 (impartially;relatively/rather)
faithful
n. 信徒 (believer/follower)
adj. 忠实的 (loyal/devoted)
faithfulness
n. 忠诚/诚实 (fidelity/loyalty)
fake
n. 赝品/假货 (imitation/counterfeit)
adj. 假的/伪造的
falcon
n. 猎鹰
falconer
n. 养猎鹰者/放鹰狩猎人
famine
n. 饥荒/饥饿 (shortage of food/starvation)
fanatical
adj. 狂热的;入迷的 (crazy/frenetic)
fanatic
adj. 狂热的;盲信的 (excessively enthusiastic)
fanaticism
n. 狂热/盲信 (enthusiasm/zeal)
fancy
adj. 新奇的/精美的 (elegant)
fanciful
adj. 爱空想的 (imaginative)
infancy
n. 幼年 (babyhood)
fantastic
adj. (非正式)极 …的;奇异的 (excellent/extraordinary)
fantasy
n. 幻想;白日梦 (dream/daydream)
far-reaching
adj. 影响深远的 (extensive/significant)
farce
n. 闹剧/滑稽剧
fascinate
vt. 使着迷/使神魂颠倒 (intrigue/enthrall/captivate)
fascinating
adj. 迷人的/醉人的 (engrossing)
fascination
n. 入迷/迷恋;魅力
fashionable
adj. 流行的/时髦的/上流社会的 (stylish)
fashion
n. 流行/风尚/流行式样 (vogue/style)
vt. 塑造/造 (create/make)
fasten
vt. 使固定/系 (attach/affix)
fatal
adj. 致命的
fateful
adj. 重大的/决定性的 (decisive/critical/crucial)
fatigue
n. 疲乏/劳累 (weariness/exhaustion)
faucet
n. 水龙头
fault
n. (地质学)断层 (crack)
n. 过错/缺点 (defect/flaw)
fauna
n. 动物群/动物区系
flora
n. 植物群
floral
adj. 花的/植物的 (flowery)
favorable
adj. 有利的;有助的;赢得赞扬的 (propitious/beneficial/approving)
favored
adj. 首选的;受到优待的;受优惠的 (prefered/favorite)
unfavorable
adj. 不宜的;相反的
feasible
adj. 可行的/行得通的 (practicable/viable)
feat
n. 功绩/壮举 (achievement/accomplishment)
feeble
adj. 微弱的;衰弱的 (weak/faint/frail)
feed
v. 喂养/饲养;吃草/靠…为生 (nourish;graze)
n. 饲养/饲料 (forage/food)
feeder
n. 进料器
feed on
吃/以…为食 (eat)
feminism
n. 女权运动
feminist
n. 女权主义者
fencing
n. 围墙/栅栏;击剑/剑术 (fence)
fend for oneself
自己谋生 (provide for oneself/look after)
fender
n. 防卫物;挡泥板 (oneself)
ferment
vt. 使发酵
n. /vt. (使)激动/(使)动乱 (agitate/excite)
fermentation
n. 发酵
ferry
n. 渡口;渡船 (shuttle/barge)
fertile
adj. 肥沃的/富饶的;能繁殖的 (rich/fruitful)
adj. 主意多的/有创造力的 (inventive/creative)
infertile
adj. 不肥沃的/贫瘠的/不结果实的 (barren)
fertilize
vt. 施肥/使丰饶;使受精 (enrich/make fertile)
fertilized egg
受精卵
fertilizer
n. 肥料
fervor
n. 热情/热烈 (enthusiasm/passion)
festive
adj. 欢宴的/节日的
festival
n. 节日 (holiday)
feud
n. 世仇 (enmity/vendetta)
feudal
adj. 封建制度的
feverish
adj. 发烧的
adj. 狂热的/兴奋的 (excited/agitated)
feverishly
adv. 兴奋地
fiber
n. 纤维/光纤
fiction
n. 小说/(虚构)故事 (story/legend)
nonfiction
n. 非小说的散文文学
fictional
adj. 虚构的 (imaginary)
fidelity
n. 忠实/忠诚 (faithfulness/loyalty)
field research
野外实地考察
fierce
adj. 凶猛的 (ferocious/savage)
file
n. 档案 (document)
n. 队列/纵队 (line)
v. 归档 (arrange)
profile
n. 剖面/侧面;轮廓 (outline/contour)
filter
vt. 过滤 (strain/purify)
n. 过滤器
finance
n. 财政/拨款 (funding)
vt. 资助 (subsidize/pay for/fund)
financial
adj. 财政的 (monetary)
financing
n. 筹措资金 (subsidy/funding)
finch
n. 雀类
finesse
n. 精密技巧/灵巧 (delicacy/adroitness)
n. 手腕 (tact)
fir
n. 杉木
firm
n. 公司
adj. 结实的;坚定的 (hard/solid;resolute/determined)
firmly
adv. 坚定地
fishy
adj. 鱼的/鱼味的;腥臭的
fitness
n. 健康 (health/vigor)
fittingly
adv. 适当地 (aptly/properly)
fixed
adj. 固定的;不变的 (stationary/settled/established)
fixture
n. 固定设备 (commonplace object)
flabby
adj. (肌肉等)不结实的/松弛的 (weak/limp)
flag
n. 旗/标记 (banner/sign)
vi. 衰退/低落 (decline/weaken/fade)
camouflage
n./v. 伪装
flair
n. 才能/本领 (talent/knack)
flake
v. 使成薄片;雪片般落下 (peel)
n. 薄片 (slice/chip)
snowflake
n. 雪花
flamboyant
adj. 艳丽的/炫耀的 (showy/ostentatious)
flare
n. 闪光;闪耀 (flash)
vi. 闪光/闪耀;突然爆发或燃烧 (glare/shine)
flash
n. 闪光;闪现 (flare/spark)
vi. 闪光;反射 (flare/glare/sparkle)
flashlight
n. 手电筒;闪光灯
flavor
n. 味/风味 (taste/savor)
vt. 加香味于 (season)
flavoring
n. 调味品/调料 (dondiment/seasoning)
flea
n. 跳蚤
fleeting
adj. 短暂的/飞逝的 (transient/brief/temporary)
flexible
adj. 易弯曲的/柔软的;变通的 (pliant/elastic/docile)
flexibility
n. 灵活性
flickering
adj. 闪烁的/摇曳的/一闪一闪的 (burning/flaming)
flint
n. 打火石
float
v. 漂浮/使漂浮 (drift along)
flock
n. (畜/禽)群/大量 (group/herd/crowd)
v. 蜂拥/群集 (gather/crowd/throng)
flock to
成群结队地去
flounder
n. 比目鱼
v. 挣扎/艰难地移动 (struggle/stumble)
flourish
vi. 繁荣/茂盛;健康成长 (thrive/prosper)
n. 挥舞 (wave)
fluctuate
vi. 波动/起伏 (alternate/vary)
fluctuation
n. 波动/起伏
fluent
adj. 流利的;流畅的 (articulate/eloquent;graceful)
fluffy
adj. 绒毛的/松软的
fluorescent
adj. 荧光的 (luminous/bright)
flux
n. 变迁;涨潮 (conversion;flow)
influx
n. 流入/汇集 (arrival/inward flow)
foe
n. 敌人/敌军 (enemy/adversary)
fog
n. 雾 (haze)
foghorn
n. .雾号(浓雾信号)
fogged
adj. [摄]有灰雾的/不清晰的
foggy
adj. 雾深的/模糊的
fold
v. 折叠 (pucker/bend back)
n. 折痕/折 (crease/pleat)
folding
adj. 可折叠的
scaffolding
n. 脚手架
thousandfold
adj. 千倍的
unfold
v. 打开/显露
foliage
n. 树叶/植物 (leaves/leafage)
folklore
n. 民间传说
follow suit
跟着做
folly
n. 愚笨/愚蠢/荒唐事 (foolishness/absurdity)
foment
v. 煽动/助长 (stir up/instigate)
foolish
adj. 愚蠢的 (silly/ridiculous/stupid)
footnote
n. 脚注
forage
v. 搜寻(食物) (hunt for/search)
n. 饲料 (feed)
foray
n. 突袭/偷袭 (assault)
forbid
v. 禁止 (not allow/prohibit/prevent)
forbidding
adj. 可怕的/令人难以亲近的/令人生畏的 (prohibitive/frightening)
ford
n. 浅滩/水浅可涉处
forefather
n. 祖先/祖宗 (ancestor)
forefront
n. 最前沿 (cutting edge/front)
foremost
adj. 最重要的;最先的 (leading/main;primary)
forerunner
n. 先驱/前身;预兆 (predecessor;herald)
foresee
vt. 预见/预知 (anticipate/predict)
foresight
n. 远见/深谋远虑 (precaution/forethought)
foreshadow
vt. 成为先兆/预示 (predict/foretell)
forestall
vt. 预防/预先阻止 (prevent/thwart)
foretell
v. 预示/预测 (predict/forecast)
forge
v. 铸造/伪造
formal
adj. 正式的;形式的;合乎礼仪的 (official;ceremonious)
formalized
adj. 形式化的/使程序化的
informal
adj. 不拘礼节的/随便的;非正式的 (casual;unofficial)
format
n. 模式/格式 (pattern/design)
formation
n. 形成/构成 (synthesis/configuration/pattern)
transformation
n. 变化/转化;改革
formative
adj. 形成中的/发展中的 (developing)
informative
adj. 提供消息的/见闻广博的 (instructive/illustrative)
former
adj. 从前的/以前的 (previous/earlier)
