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TOEFL Vocabulary > TOEFL - Set 8 > Flashcards

TOEFL - Set 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

formerly

A

adv. 从前/以前 (previously/once)

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2
Q

formidable

A

adj. 令人敬畏的/可怕的 (dreadful/frightening)

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3
Q

formula

A

n. 公式;规则

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4
Q

formulate

A

vt. 系统地阐述(或提出)

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5
Q

fort

A

n. 要塞/堡垒 (fortress/stronghold)

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6
Q

fortress

A

n. 要塞;城堡 (fort;castle)

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7
Q

fortify

A

vt. 加强/巩固

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8
Q

fortuitous

A

adj. 偶然的/意外的 (serendipitous/accidental/haphazard)

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9
Q

fortuitously

A

adv. 偶然地/意外地

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10
Q

fortunate

A

adj. 幸运的 (lucky)

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11
Q

fortune

A

n. 财富;运气 (treasure;luck)

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12
Q

misfortune

A

n. 不幸/灾祸

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13
Q

fossil

A

n. 化石;僵化的事物 (remnant)

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14
Q

fossilize

A

vt. 使成化石

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15
Q

fossilized

A

adj. 变成化石的

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16
Q

foster

A

vt. 鼓励/促进 (encourage/promote)
vt. 养育/抚养 (nurture/raise)

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17
Q

foul

A

adj. 污秽的/肮脏的 (disgusting/filthy)

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18
Q

founder

A

n. 创建者/创始人 (establisher/originator)

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19
Q

fraction

A

n. 小部分/少量 (segment/fragment)
n. 分数

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20
Q

refraction

A

n. 折光/折射 (deflection)

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21
Q

fracture

A

n. 骨折;破裂 (break/crack)
vt. 使破裂/断裂

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22
Q

fragment

A

n. 碎片/破片 (piece/fraction)

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23
Q

fragrant

A

adj. 香的/芬芳的 (aromatic/odorous)

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24
Q

fragrance

A

n. 芬芳/香味 (scent/aroma)

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25
Q

framework

A

n. 构架;骨架 (structure;skeleton)

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26
Q

frame

A

n. 框架
vt. 加外框
vt. 提出/制定 (pose/formulate)

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27
Q

frank

A

adj. 坦白的/直率的 (honest/sincere/straightforward)

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28
Q

fray

A

vi. 磨损/磨破 (wear out/rub)
n. 吵架/冲突 (quarrel/brawl)

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29
Q

freight

A

n. 货物/货运 (cargo/load)
vt. 装货/运送 (load/carry)

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30
Q

freighter

A

n. 货车

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31
Q

frenetic

A

adj. 狂乱的/发狂的 (crazy/wild)

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32
Q

frenzy

A

n. 狂暴;狂怒 (madness/rage)

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33
Q

fresco

A

n. 壁画
vt. 作壁画于

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34
Q

freshly

A

adv. 新近/最近 (recently)

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35
Q

freshness

A

n. 新鲜;活力 (newness;vigor/liveliness)

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36
Q

friction

A

n. 摩擦 (abrasion/scraping)
n. 冲突/不和 (discord/conflict)

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37
Q

frightening

A

adj. 令人恐惧的/引起突然惊恐的

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38
Q

frigid

A

adj. 寒冷的 (chilly/cold/icy)
adj. 冷淡的 (unfriendly/cool)

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39
Q

fringe

A

n. 边缘;边界 (margin/periphery)
adj. 边缘的 (marginal)

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40
Q

frivolity

A

n. 轻浮 (flippancy/levity)

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41
Q

from a far

A

从遥远的地方

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42
Q

frost

A

n. 霜;霜冻 (ice crystal)
vi. 结霜 (ice/freeze)

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43
Q

defrost

A

vt. 解冻/将…除霜

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44
Q

frown

A

vi. 皱眉;不赞成/反对

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45
Q

frugal

A

adj. 节约的/节俭的 (sparing/economical/thrifty)

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46
Q

frugality

A

n. 节约/俭省

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47
Q

fruitful

A

adj. 硕果累累的;成功的 (productive/fertile;successful)

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48
Q

fruitfulness

A

n. 硕果累累;多产

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49
Q

fruitless

A

adj. 不结果实的/无收获的

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50
Q

fruitlessly

A

adv. 徒劳地 (in vain)

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51
Q

frustrate

A

v. 挫败/破坏 (disconcert/baffle)
v. 使沮丧 (discourage/depress)

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52
Q

frustration

A

n. 挫败/挫折 (disappointment/failure)

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53
Q

frustrating

A

adj. 令人沮丧的

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54
Q

fume

A

n. 烟/气体 (gas/smoke)

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55
Q

perfume

A

n. 香味;香水 (scent/aroma/fragrance)

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56
Q

fumigate

A

vt. 烟熏;用香薰

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57
Q

functional

A

adj. 功能的;有用的 (useful/working)

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58
Q

malfunctional

A

adj. 多功能的

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59
Q

functioning

A

n. 运转/操作 (operation/manipulation)

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60
Q

fund

A

n. 资金;基金 (money/capital)
vt. 提供资金 (finance/subsidize)

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61
Q

funding

A

n. 拨款 (appropriation)

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62
Q

fundamental

A

adj. 基础的/基本的 (basic/essential/primary)

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63
Q

fungi

A

n. (fungus的复数)真菌

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64
Q

furious

A

adj. 狂怒的;狂暴的 (angry;violent)

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65
Q

furnish

A

vt. 装备;提供 (provide/supply)

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66
Q

furnishing

A

n. (家庭中包含家具及其他)设备的总称 (supply/provision)

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67
Q

furniture

A

n. 家具

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68
Q

furry

A

adj. 毛皮的;盖着皮毛的 (hairy)

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69
Q

further

A

vt. 促进/增进 (advance)
adj. 更多的/另外的 (additional/extra)

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70
Q

fuse

A

v. 熔合 (combine/blend)

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71
Q

fused

A

adj. 熔合在一起的

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72
Q

fusion

A

n. 核聚变
n. 熔化;联合 (union)

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73
Q

diffusion

A

n. 扩散/传播

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74
Q

infusion

A

n. 灌输

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75
Q

galaxy

A

n. 星系;银河

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76
Q

gallant

A

adj. (对女子)殷勤的;勇敢的/英勇的 (courtly/chivalrous)

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77
Q

gallantry

A

n. 勇敢 (bravery)

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78
Q

gallery

A

n. 画廊/美术馆

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79
Q

galvanize

A

vt. 通电流于;刺激/激起 (stimulate/invigorate)

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80
Q

gap

A

n. 裂口;缺口 (opening/crevice)
n. 差距 (difference)

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81
Q

garb

A

n. 服装/装束 (costume/dress)

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82
Q

garbage

A

n. 垃圾/废物 (trash/rubbish/waste)

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83
Q

gaseous

A

adj. 气体的/气态的 (of gas/gas-like)

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84
Q

gasoline

A

n. 汽油 (petrol)

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85
Q

gauge

A

v. 测量/计量;评价/估计 (measure/judge)
n. 量规/量表

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86
Q

gazette

A

n. 政府公报 (periodical)

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87
Q

gear

A

n. 齿轮/传动装置
v. 使适合/使一致

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88
Q

gem

A

n. 宝石/珠宝 (precious stone/jewel)

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89
Q

gemstone

A

n. 经雕琢的宝石 (jewel)

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90
Q

generalize

A

vt. 归纳/概括 (reach conclusion/infer/deduce)

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91
Q

generalization

A

n. 概括

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92
Q

generate

A

vt. 造成/产生 (make happen;produce)
vt. 产卵 (spawn)

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93
Q

generous

A

adj. 慷慨的 (magnanimous)
adj. 大量的 (rich/plentiful)

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94
Q

genesis

A

n. 起源/产生 (origin/beginning)

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95
Q

genetic

A

adj. 遗传的/起源的 (hereditary)

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96
Q

genetics

A

n. 遗传学 (heredity)

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97
Q

genetically

A

adv. 遗传上地

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98
Q

genial

A

adj. 和蔼可亲的 (friendly/cordial)

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99
Q

genre

A

n. 文学上的流派和体裁 (style/type)

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100
Q

gentility

A

n. 有教养/文雅 (politeness/refinement/elegance)

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101
Q

genuine

A

adj. 真正的/真实的;真诚的 (authentic/real/true)

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102
Q

germ

A

n. 细菌 (bacteria/microbe)

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103
Q

get rid of

A

摆脱;除去 (discard/dispose of/do away with/cast off)

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104
Q

get in the way of

A

阻挡

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105
Q

giant

A

n. 巨人/巨大的怪物
adj. 庞大的/巨大的 (enormous/large)

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106
Q

gibe

A

vi. 嘲弄/讥笑 (deride/mock)

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107
Q

gigantic

A

adj. 巨大的 (mammoth/huge)

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108
Q

gilding

A

n. 贴金箔/镀金

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109
Q

give way to

A

让步/让路

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110
Q

glacial

A

adj. 冰的/冰河的;冰冷的

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111
Q

glacier

A

n. 冰川

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112
Q

glamorous

A

adj. 迷人的/富有魅力的 (attractive/charming)

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113
Q

gland

A

n. 腺体

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114
Q

glandular

A

adj. 腺体的

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115
Q

glare

A

n. 眩目的光 (light/brightness)
v. 闪耀 (flare)

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116
Q

glassware

A

n. 玻璃制品

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117
Q

ware

A

n. 陶器/器皿 (pottery/tool/implements)

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118
Q

earthenware

A

n. 土器/陶器

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119
Q

tableware

A

n. 餐具

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120
Q

hardware

A

n. 五金器具

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121
Q

warehouse

A

n. 仓库/货栈 (depot/storehouse)

122
Q

glazed

A

adj. 上过釉的/表面光滑的 (smooth-faced/glassy)

123
Q

glaze

A

vt. 装玻璃/上釉/使表面光滑
n. 釉料

124
Q

glean

A

v. 点滴搜集;拾 (gather/collect;pick up)

125
Q

glide

A

vi. 滑动/滑行 (slide/slip)

126
Q

glider

A

n. 滑行者;滑翔机

127
Q

glimpse

A

n. 一瞥/一看 (glance)
v. 瞥见 (see briefly/catch sight of)

128
Q

global

A

adj. 全球性的 (worldwide/international)

129
Q

glorify

A

v. 美化/赞扬 (exalt/beautify)

130
Q

glossy

A

adj. 平滑的/有光泽的 (shiny/polished)

131
Q

glowing

A

adj. 热烈赞扬的;热情洋溢的 (shinning/luminous)

132
Q

gnaw

A

v. 咬/啃 (nibble/bite)

133
Q

go broke

A

破产

134
Q

goal

A

n. 目标 (end/objective/aim)

135
Q

gold rush

A

淘金热

136
Q

gorgeous

A

adj. 华丽的;灿烂的 (beautiful/magnificent)

137
Q

gospel

A

n. 福音

138
Q

gossip

A

n. 社会新闻/小道传闻 (rumor)

139
Q

gourmet

A

n. 美食家

140
Q

gourmand

A

n. 嗜食者

141
Q

govern

A

vt. 统治/管理;控制 (rule/control)

142
Q

governor

A

n. 州长;总督

143
Q

grab

A

vt. 攫取/抓住 (grasp/snatch/capture)

144
Q

grace

A

n. 风度 (elegance)

145
Q

graceful

A

adj. 优雅的 (elegant)

146
Q

disgrace

A

vt. 玷污

147
Q

graft

A

v. 嫁接;移植 (implant/transplant)

148
Q

grand

A

adj. 壮观的;显赫的 (wonderful/impressive/large)

149
Q

grandeur

A

n. 庄严/伟大 (magnificence/stateliness)

150
Q

granite

A

n. 花岗岩

151
Q

graphic

A

adj. 绘画似的;图解的/生动的 (vivid/explicit)

152
Q

graph

A

n. 图表 (chart)

153
Q

telegraph

A

n. 电报机/电报

154
Q

photograph

A

n. 照片

155
Q

seismograph

A

n. 地震仪/测震仪

156
Q

graphite

A

n. 石墨

157
Q

grasp

A

vt. 抓住/抓紧 (seize/grip/hold)
n. 掌握/领会 (comprehension/understanding)

158
Q

grasshopper

A

n. 蚱蜢/蚂蚱

159
Q

grateful

A

adj. 感激的/感谢的 (thankful/appreciative)

160
Q

gravitational

A

adj. 地心引力的/重力的

161
Q

gravitation

A

n. 引力/重力

162
Q

gravitational field

A

重力场

163
Q

gravitational pull

A

地心引力

164
Q

gravitational force

A

地心引力

165
Q

gravity

A

n. 地心引力
n. 严肃/一本正经 (seriousness)

166
Q

graze

A

vi. (牲畜)吃草;放牧 (feed)

167
Q

grazing land

A

牧场/草场

168
Q

grease

A

n. 油脂 (oil/fat)

169
Q

greedy

A

adj. 贪婪的 (avaricious/avid)

170
Q

grind

A

vt. 磨碎/碾碎 (crush/scrape)

171
Q

grip

A

v. 紧握/紧抓 (clutch/grasp)

172
Q

grope

A

vi. 摸索/探索 (fumble/probe)

173
Q

grumble

A

n./v. 抱怨

174
Q

guarantee

A

vt. 保证/担保 (assure/ensure)

175
Q

gulf

A

n. 海湾

176
Q

gull

A

n. 鸥/海鸥

177
Q

gulp

A

n./vt. 吞;吞咽 (swallow)

178
Q

gush

A

vi. 喷涌/涌流 (flow)

179
Q

gust

A

n. 一阵强风 (blast/outburst)

180
Q

gymnastic

A

adj. 体操的/体育的

181
Q

gymnastics

A

n. 体操/体育

182
Q

gyration

A

n. 旋转

183
Q

habitat

A

n. 产地/栖息地 (environment)

184
Q

hail

A

n. 冰雹
vt. 致敬/向…欢呼 (acclaim/salute/greet)

185
Q

hallmark

A

n. 标志/特征 (sign/feature)

186
Q

halt

A

n./vt. (使)停止 (stop/pause)

187
Q

hamburger

A

n. 汉堡包

188
Q

hamper

A

vt. 妨碍/使困难 (impede/hinder)

189
Q

handicap

A

n. 残疾 (disadvantage/physical disability)
vt. 严重妨碍/削弱 (cripple/hinder/impede)

190
Q

handicraft

A

n. 手工艺品

191
Q

hands-on

A

亲手抓的

192
Q

handy

A

adj. 便利的/容易取得的 (convenient/close)

193
Q

handful

A

n. 一把/少数

194
Q

haphazard

A

adj. 偶然的;随便的 (indiscriminate/random/aimless)

195
Q

harbor

A

n. 海港 (port/haven)
n. 避难所 (refuge/shelter)

196
Q

harden

A

v. 使变硬

197
Q

hardy

A

adj. 能吃苦耐劳的/强壮的 (robust/sturdy/strong/healthy)

198
Q

harmful

A

adj. 有害的;伤害的 (damaging/noxious/detrimental/dangerous)

199
Q

harmless

A

adj. 无害的 (innocuous)

200
Q

harmonize

A

v. (使)协调/(使)和谐 (correspond/attune)

201
Q

harmony

A

n. 协调/融洽 (compatibility)

202
Q

harmonious

A

adj. 和谐的 (concordant/accordant)

203
Q

harmonic

A

adj. 和声的

204
Q

harmonica

A

n. 口琴

205
Q

philharmonic

A

n. 交响乐团

206
Q

harness

A

vt. 利用(河流/瀑布等)产生动力 (utilize/make use of)
n. (全套)马具

207
Q

harsh

A

adj. 粗糙的;刺耳的/刻薄的 (rough/coarse;acid)
adj. 严厉的;严酷的/恶劣的 (severe/acrimonious)

208
Q

harshness

A

n. 严酷/恶劣

209
Q

harvest

A

v. 收获/收割 (gather/reap)

210
Q

haste

A

n. 匆忙/急忙;草率 (hurry)

211
Q

hasten

A

vt. 加速 (accelerate/quicken)

212
Q

hatch

A

vt. 孵化 (breed/emerge from the egg)

213
Q

haul

A

vt. 拉/拖 (transport/drag)

214
Q

haunt

A

vt. (思想/回忆等)萦绕心头 (torment/bother/disturb)
n. 常去的地方 (resort)

215
Q

haunted

A

adj. 闹鬼的/鬼魂出没的/受到折磨的

216
Q

haven

A

n. 避难所/安全地 (refuge/shelter)

217
Q

heaven

A

n. 天/天堂

218
Q

heavenly

A

adj. 天空的/天上的 (celestial)

219
Q

hay

A

n. 干草 (dried grass)

220
Q

hazard

A

n. 危险;危害物 (danger/risk)

221
Q

hazardous

A

adj. 危险的/冒险的 (dangerous/risky)

222
Q

hazel

A

adj. 榛树的

223
Q

haze

A

n. 薄雾 (fog/mist/cloud)

224
Q

heal

A

v. 康复/治愈 (cure)

225
Q

healing

A

adj. 有治疗作用的 (curative/therapeutic)

226
Q

healthful

A

adj. 有益健康的 (wholesome/healthy)

227
Q

heed

A

n./v. 注意/留意 (attention/consideration;pay attention to)

228
Q

heel

A

n. 脚后跟

229
Q

heighten

A

vt. 提高/升高;加深 (enhance/hoist/boost)

230
Q

heir

A

n. 继承人/后嗣 (descendent/offspring)

231
Q

helium

A

n. 氦

232
Q

helpful

A

adj. 有帮助的/有益的 (useful/beneficial)

233
Q

helper

A

n. 助手 (assistant)

234
Q

helpless

A

adj. 无助的/无依靠的 (unable/powerless/weak)

235
Q

hem

A

n. (衣服或裙子)褶边/边缘 (border/edge)

236
Q

ham

A

n. 火腿;大腿

237
Q

hemisphere

A

n. 半球;半脑 (halves/sides)

238
Q

herald

A

vt. 宣布…的消息;预示…的来临 (announce/proclaim)

239
Q

herculean

A

adj. 力大无比的/巨大的

240
Q

herd

A

n. 兽群;人群 (flock/crowd)
vt. 把…赶在一起放牧;成群/群集

241
Q

shepherd

A

n. 牧羊人

242
Q

herder

A

n. 牧者/牧人

243
Q

heredity

A

n. 遗传 (genetics/inheritance)

244
Q

heritage

A

n. 遗产/继承物;传统 (inheritance/legacy/bequest;tradition)

245
Q

heroism

A

n. 英雄品质/英勇 (bravery/valor/gallantry)

246
Q

hesitate

A

vi. 犹豫/踌躇 (vacillate/fluctuate)

247
Q

hesitant

A

adj. 迟疑的/犹豫不定的 (reluctant/irresolute)

248
Q

heterogeneous

A

adj. 异类的/不同的 (miscellaneous/variant/defferent)

249
Q

homogeneous

A

adj. 同类的;均匀的/同质的 (uniform/similar)

250
Q

heyday

A

n. 全盛期 (golden age/climax)

251
Q

hibernate

A

vi. 冬眠 (be dormant)

252
Q

hibernation

A

n. 冬眠

253
Q

hide

A

n. 兽皮 (skin)
vi. 隐藏/掩藏 (conceal)

254
Q

rawhide

A

n. 生牛皮

255
Q

hierarchy

A

n. 阶层/等级制度 (class/order)

256
Q

highlight

A

vt. 使显著/突出 (emphasize/stress)
n. 最显著或重要的部分 (focal point)

257
Q

hike

A

v. 远足/徒步旅行 (travel/walk)
n. 徒步旅行 (walk/trip)

258
Q

hilly

A

adj. 多小山的/多坡的 (mountainous)

259
Q

hinder

A

vt. 阻碍/妨碍 (stunt/inhibit/tie up/hamper/impede)

260
Q

hinge

A

n. (门等)铰链/枢纽

261
Q

hint

A

n. 提示/线索 (allusion/clue)

262
Q

hinterland

A

n. 穷乡僻壤;腹地 (region/inland)

263
Q

hold a large stake

A

拥有巨额股份/带有极大冒险性

264
Q

hoe

A

vt. 用锄耕地/锄 (weed)

265
Q

hollow

A

adj. 空心的/凹陷的 (empty)
adj. 空洞的 (void/vain)
vt. 形成空洞;挖空 (empty)
n. 洞;山谷 (hole;valley)

266
Q

homemade

A

adj. 自制的/家里做的 (made at home)

267
Q

homespun

A

adj. 朴素的;家里纺织的 (plain/simple)

268
Q

homogenize

A

vt. 使均匀 (equalize)

269
Q

horde

A

n. 一大群 (crowd/swarm)

270
Q

horizon

A

n. 地平线;眼界/视野 (range/limit)

271
Q

horizontal

A

adj. 水平的 (flat/level)

272
Q

horn

A

n. (牛羊等的)角

273
Q

horned

A

adj. 有角的/角状的

274
Q

hornbill

A

n. 犀鸟/犀鸟科

275
Q

hornet

A

n. 大黄蜂

276
Q

thorn

A

n. (植物的)刺/棘

277
Q

thorny

A

adj. 有刺的;多刺的 (prickly/spiky)

278
Q

horror

A

n. 惊骇;恐怖 (terror/fear)

279
Q

horror film/movie

A

恐怖电影

280
Q

hospitable

A

adj. 好客的 (generous/receptive)

281
Q

hostile

A

adj. 敌对的/不友好的 (unfriendly/antagonistic)

282
Q

hostility

A

n. 敌意/敌对 (pugnacity/enmity/animosity)

283
Q

house

A

vt. 给…提供住所

284
Q

hover

A

vi. 翱翔;徘徊 (float;waver/vacillate)

285
Q

hub

A

n. 轮轴 (core)
n. 活动中心 (nucleus/heart/center)

286
Q

huddle

A

vi. 缩成一团;挤成一团 (crowd/gather)
n. 杂乱的一堆/拥挤 (mass/heap)

287
Q

hue

A

n. 颜色/色彩 (color/tint)

288
Q

humanity

A

n. 人性;博爱/仁慈 (kindness/virtue)

289
Q

humanitarian

A

n./adj. 人道主义者;人道主义的 (philanthropic)

290
Q

nonhuman

A

adj. 非人类的

291
Q

humanistic

A

adj. 人性的;人文主义的

292
Q

humanist

A

n. 人道主义者/人文主义者

293
Q

humble

A

adj. 卑贱的;谦逊的 (meek/submissive/modest)

294
Q

humid

A

adj. 潮湿的 (damp/wet)

295
Q

humidity

A

n. 湿气/湿度 (dampness/moisture)

296
Q

humiliate

A

vt. 羞辱/使丢脸 (embarrass/shame)

297
Q

humility

A

n. 谦卑 (meekness/modesty)

298
Q

hummingbird

A

n. 蜂鸟

299
Q

humorous

A

adj. 幽默的/滑稽的 (witty/funny/amusing)

300
Q

hump

A

n. 驼背;峰/圆形隆起之物 (bump/hunch)

TOEFL Vocabulary (18 decks)

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