TOEFL - Set 17 Flashcards
ultrasonic
adj. 超音速的/超声(波)的 (supersonic/suprasonic)
ultrasonics
n. 超音波学
ultraviolet
adj. 紫外线的
unanimity
n. 全体一致/一致同意 (concord/consensus/harmony)
unanimous
adj. 全体意见一致的 (uniform/agreed)
unbridgeable
adj. 不能架桥的/不能逾越的 (impassable/insurmountable)
unbridled
adj. 放纵的/无约束的 (uncontrolled/wild)
unbroken
adj. 完整的;持续的 (uninterrupted/intact)
uncharted
adj. 地图上没标明的
uncover
v. 发现/揭示 (reveal/expose/disclose)
underdeveloped
adj. 不发达的 (backward/undeveloped)
undergo
v. 经历/遭受 (experience/suffer)
undergraduate
n. (尚未取得学位的)大学生
graduate
n. (大学)毕业生/研究生
underground
adj. 地下的/地面下的 (subterranean/buried)
underlying
adj. 基础的;在下面的 (fundamental/elementary)
underlie
vt. 位于…之下/成为…的基础
undermine
v. 渐渐破坏/暗地里破坏 (weaken/impair)
underscore
v. 划线于…下/强调 (emphasize/stress)
undertake
v. 从事/承担 (take on/embark on/assume)
undertaking
n. 任务;事业 (task/project;career)
underwater
adj. 在水下的/在水中的 (submarine/submerged)
undo
v. 解开/松开 (release/untie)
v. 逆转或清除;取消 (reverse;annul)
undoubtedly
adv. 毋庸置疑地/确凿地 (unquestionably/indubitably)
unearth
vt. 发觉/挖出;揭露 (dig up/excavate;discover)
unemployed
adj. 失业的 (jobless/idle)
unevenly
adv. 不平坦地;不均衡地 (irregularly)
unexplored
adj. 未开发的/未探索的
unfair
adj. 不公平的 (unjust/biased)
unfertilized
adj. 未施肥的/未受精的
unfortunately
adv. 不幸地 (unluckily)
uniform
n. 制服
adj. 统一的;始终如一的 (homogeneous/consistent/unanimous/standardized)
uniformity
n. 同样/一式 (homogeneity)
unify
vt. 统一/使成一体 (integrate/unite)
unimaginable
adj. 不可想象的 (inconceivable/incredible)
uninhabited
adj. 无人居住的 (unpopulated/unsettled/unoccupied)
unique
adj. 独一无二的;独特的 (peerless/unmatched/unrivaled)
uniqueness
n. 独特/独一无二 (distinction/singularity/specialty)
unity
n. 结合/一致 (cohesion/harmony)
universal
adj. 宇宙的
adj. 普遍的;共同的 (comprehensive/all-inclusive/general)
universe
n. 宇宙 (cosmos)
unmatched
adj. 无可匹敌的 (unequaled/unparalleled/peerless)
unpredictable
adj. 不可预知的 (random/uncertain)
unravel
v. 弄清楚(秘密) (discover/solve/work out)
v. 拆开;解开;松开 (unwind/untangle)
unscrupulous
adj. 肆无忌惮的/无道德原则的 (unprincipled/immoral)
unselfish
adj. 不自私的/慷慨的 (selfless/self-forgetting)
unstable
adj. 不稳定的 (inconstant/volatile)
untouched
adj. 未触及的 (intact/unbroken)
unwieldy
adj. 笨拙的;(因太大/太重/形状奇特等)不易被移动的/笨重的 (cumbersome/unmanageable/bulky)
upgrade
v. 使升级/提升 (improve/advance)
upheaval
n. 剧变 (a violent disturbance/outburst)
uphold
v. 维护/支持 (support/preserve/maintain)
upland
n. 丘陵地带/高地 (elevation/highland)
uproot
v. 连根拔起/拔除 (pull up/displace)
v. 根除/灭绝;赶出家园/被迫移开 (abolish/eradicate)
upset
adj. 心烦意乱的 (concerned/worried)
v. 颠覆/推翻;扰乱 (disturb/overturn)
upside-down
adj. 颠倒的 (inverted)
urbane
adj. 温文尔雅的 (elegant/polished)
urbanism
n. 都市生活/都市化
urbanite
n. 都市人
urbanize
vt. 使都市化/使文雅
urbanization
n. 都市化/文雅化
urge
v. 催促;力劝/恳求 (entreat/advocate/hasten)
n. 冲动 (desire/impulse/drive)
urgent
adj. 紧急的/迫切的 (pressing/compelling/immediate)
urgency
n. 紧急情况 (exigency/need/emergency)
usher in
引发/产生 (introduce/begin)
utilitarian
adj. 功利的;实利的 (practical/useful)
utility
n. 公用事业公司;公用事业设备 (something useful/public service)
n. 运用/效用 (function/usefulness)
utilize
v. 利用 (harness/take advantage of)
utilization
n. 利用
utopian
adj. 乌托邦式的/空想的
utter
v. 做声;发表 (speak/express)
adj. 全然的/完全的 (complete)
utterance
n. 说话/说话的方式
utterly
adv. 完全地/绝对地 (absolutely/completely)
butterfly
n. [动]蝴蝶
vacant
adj. 空的/未被占用的 (empty/uninhabited)
vacancy
n. 空白/空缺 (absence/emptiness)
vacation
n. 度假/休假
vacate
vt. 腾出/空出 (depart/leave)
vaccine
n. 疫苗
vaccinate
v. 进行预防接种
vacuum
n. 真空
vague
adj. 模糊的;含糊的 (imprecise/obscure/indistinct)
valid
adj. 有效的;有根据的/正确的 (authentic/sound/logical)
validity
n. 有效性/合法性
valve
n. 活门/阀
vanish
vi. 消失;灭绝 (disappear/die out)
vapor
n. 水汽/水蒸气 (gas/steam)
vaporize
v. (使)蒸发 (evaporate)
vaporization
n. 蒸发 (evaporation)
variable
n. [数]变数/变量 (factor)
adj. 可变的/易变的 (changeable/inconstant)
variation
n. 变异;变种 (change/selection/deviation)
variety
n. 变化/多样性 (diversity/assortment/selection)
variance
n. 分歧;差异
varied
adj. 杂色的/各式各样的 (differed/diversified/various)
various
adj. 各种的 (diverse/assorted/different)
varnish
vt. 涂上清漆/修饰 (lacquer/cover/glaze)
n. 清漆
vast
adj. 巨大的/大量的;范围广的 (large/broad/extensive)
vastness
n. 巨大
vault
n. 拱顶;地下室
vaulted
adj. 拱状的
vegetation
n. 植物/草木/植被 (plants)
vegetable
n. 蔬菜
vegetarian
n. 素食者
vehicle
n. 交通工具/车辆 (automobile/instrument)
n. 媒介物/传达手段 (a means of conveying/medium)
veil
vt. 隐藏/遮蔽 n. 面纱 (cover/hide)
vein
n. 静脉
veining
n. 脉络分布;矿脉
velocity
n. 速度;速率 (speed)
venerable
adj. 值得尊敬的/庄严的 (revered/honored)
veneration
n. 尊敬/崇拜
venom
n. (蛇的)毒液 (poison)
n. 恶意/怨恨 (spite/malice)
venomous
adj. 有毒的 (poisonous/noxious)
vent
v. 表达/发泄(感情/尤指愤怒)
n. 通风孔;出烟孔 (outlet)
ventilate
vt. 使通风 (freshen/aerate)
ventilation
n. 通风
venture
n. 冒险(事业)/投机活动 (speculation/adventure)
venturesome
adj. 好冒险的;(行为)冒险的 (risky/hazardous)
venue
n. 地点;会场 (place/locality)
avenue
n. 林荫道/大街
verbal
adj. 口头的 (oral/spoken)
nonverbal
adj. 不用语言的
verify
vt. 证明/证实 (confirm/prove)
versatile
adj. 多才多艺的 (talented/skilled)
adj. 通用的;可塑的/可变形的 (common/flexible/pliable)
verse
n. 诗/韵文 (poetry)
version
n. 译本/译文 (counterpart/edition)
n. 一种描述 (description)
vertical
adj. 垂直的/竖直的 (upright/perpendicular)
vessel
n. 船 (craft/ship)
n. 脉管 (duct)
n. 容器 (container)
vestige
n. 痕迹/遗迹/残余 (remnant/remains)
veteran
n. 老兵;老手
veto
n. 否决;否决权 (rejection/prohibition)
vt. 否决;禁止 (deny/prohibit)
viable
adj. 可行的/切实可行的 (feasible/practicable)
adj. 能活下去的 (alive/growing)
vibrant
adj. 活泼的;生气勃勃的 (active/energetic/lively)
vibrate
v. 颤动/震动
vibration
n. 振动/颤动 (oscillation/shaking)
vicinity
n. 附近/接近 (proximity/nearness)
victor
n. 胜利者;获胜者 (conqueror/winner)
victory
n. 胜利/战胜
victorious
adj. 获胜的/胜利的 (successful/triumphant)
vie
v. 竞争 (rival)
vigilance
n. 警戒/警惕 (watchfulness/alertness/caution)
vigor
n. 精力/活力 (strength/energy)
vigorous
adj. 健壮的/精力旺盛的;有力的 (robust/strong/energetic)
vine
n. 葡萄藤/蔓
violence
n. 暴力/强暴 (force)
nonviolence
n. 非暴力
violent
adj. 暴力引起的/暴烈的 (turbulent)
adj. 激烈的/强烈的 (strong/powerful)
viral
adj. 病毒的
virus
n. [微]病毒
virtue
n. 美德 (merit/goodness)
virtually
adv. 事实上/实质上 (almost completely/practically/essentially)
victuosity
n. 艺术鉴别力
viscosity
n. 粘度/粘性 (viscidity/stickiness)
viscous
adj. 粘滞的/粘性的 (gelatinous/sticky)
vision
n. 视觉 (seeing/sight)
visibility
n. 可见度
division
n. 分开/分割
subdivision
n. 细分/一部
vista
n. 景色 (sight/outlook)
vital
adj. 极重要的/致命的 (essential/crucial)
vitalism
n. 活机论/生机说
vitalist
n. 活力论者
vitality
n. 活力/生命力
vivid
adj. (光线/色彩)鲜艳的/强烈的 (bright/lively)
adj. 生动的/逼真的 (graphic/dramatic/lively)
vocation
n. 职业 (career/profession)
vocational
adj. 职业的
void
n. 空白/空虚 (emptiness/space)
adj. 无效的 (canceled/invalid)
volatile
adj. 挥发性的 (evaporable)
adj. 可变的/不稳定的 (unstable/changeable)
volcanic
adj. 火山的
voltage
n. 电压
volume
n. 体积/容积;量 (capacity/bulk;amount)
voluntary
adj. 自愿的;志愿的 (willing/unforced)
volunteer
n. 自愿者
v. 自愿 (offer)
voracious
adj. 狼吞虎咽的/贪婪的 (greedy/insatiable)
vote
vt. 投票 (cast one’s ballot)
n. 投票/选票
voter
n. 投票者/选举人
vowel
n. 元音
voyage
n. 旅行/航程 (journey/aviation)
vulnerable
adj. 易受攻击的;易受伤害的 (defenseless/susceptible)
wade
v. 涉水/费力行走 (paddle)
wagon
n. 四轮马车
waist
n. 腰/腰部
wrist
n. 手腕/腕关节
wristwatch
n. 手表
waive
v. 放弃;免除 (give up;exempt)
walkout
n. 罢工 (strike/walk out)
walnut
n. 胡桃/核桃树
wane
v. 减少/衰落 (decline/dwindle)
ward off
防止/挡住 (keep away)
warranty
n. 担保/保证;保修 (guaranty/security)
warrantable
adj. 可证明为正确的/可证实的 (tenable/justified)
warrior
n. 战士/勇士 (fighter/combatant)
wary
adj. 小心翼翼的/机警小心的 (cautious/discreet)[wary of]
waste disposal
废物处理
watercourse
n. 水道/河道
wavy
adj. 波状的/起浪的;波动的 (sinuate;fluctuate)
wax
n. 蜂蜡;蜡状物
v. 上蜡于 (polish)
waxy
adj. 苍白的;光滑的 (pallid;smooth)
weapon
n. 武器 (arms)
wear away
磨去 (erode/abrase/rub out)
wear out
用坏/磨损 (no longer useable/abrase)
weary
adj. 疲倦的;厌倦的 (tired/exhausted/fatigued)
weariness
n. 疲倦 (fatigue/tiredness)
weather
v. 风化
weathering
n. 侵蚀/风化 (erosion/exposure)
weave
vi. 迂回行进 (swing)
vt. 编织/组合 (cloth making/knit/interlace)
weaverbird
n. [鸟]织巢鸟之一种
weaver
n. 织布者/织工
wed
v. 娶/嫁/结婚 (marry)
wedding
n. 婚礼 (nuptial/marriage ceremony)
wedge-shaped
adj. 楔形的
weed
n. 杂草
locoweed
n. [植] 疯草(牲畜食后引起疯草病)
weep
vi. 哭泣 (cry/sob)
weird
adj. 怪诞的/奇异的 (queer/strange)
weld
v. 焊接
welfare
n. 福利 (well-being/benefit)
well-being
n. 安宁/福利 (welfare/happiness)
well organized
有组织的
whim
n. 随意/冲动 (fancy/caprice/impulse)
whisk off
突然带走 (hurry away/take away suddenly)
whittle
v. 削;削减 (cut/shear)
wholesale
adj. 批发的
adj. 大规模的 (large-scale)
wholesaler
n. 批发商
wholesome
adj. 有益健康的 (healthful/beneficial)
wildlife
n. 野生动植物 (animal)
wind up
结束/终止 (conclude/terminate/end)
wipe out
毁灭/破坏 (destroy)
wit
n. 智力/才智 (intellect/cleverness)
withdraw
v. 撤退 (retreat/depart)
v. 收回/撤销 (revoke/retract)
withdrawal
n. 收回;撤退/退回 (secession)
wither
v. (使)枯萎/凋谢 (shrivel/shrink)
witness
vt. 目击;为…作证 (observe/watch)
n. 证人
woods
n. 森林 (forest/woodland)
cottonwood
n. [植]三叶杨/棉白杨
softwood
n. 软木材
wool
n. 羊毛
woolen
adj. 羊毛制的;毛织品的
woolly
adj. 多毛的 (hairy)
worldwide
adj. 全世界的 (global/universal)
wrap
vt. 裹/包/捆 (enclose)[wrap up]
wreck
n. 失事;失事的残骸 (destruction/ruins)
vt. 失事 (sink/destroy)
shipwreck
n. 船只失事/海难
wrestling
n. 摔跤/格斗
wring
vt. 绞/拧/扭 (twist/squeeze)
wrinkle
n. 皱纹/褶皱 (furrow/crease)
yarn
n. 纱/纱线
yawn
n. 呵欠
yelp
vi. 狗吠 (bark)
yield
v. 生产;产生 (produce/bear/provide)
v. 屈服;放弃;投降 (defer/surrender).
n. 产量;收益 (output/income)
yield to
屈服于… (give in/succumb to)
yolk
n. 蛋黄
zeal
n. 热心/热情/热忱 (fever/ardor)
zealous
adj. 热心的;狂热的 (enthusiastic/fervent)
zenith
n. 顶点/顶峰 (pinnacle/peak)
zigzag
adj. 曲折的 (sinuous)
adj. 锯齿状的/Z字形的 (jagged)
zone
n. 区域;地带 (region/district)
ozone
n. [化]臭氧
chip
n. 缺口/碎片/薯片/芯片
v. 打破/损坏;切下/削下
hobby
n. 业余爱好
regarding
prep. 关于
feast
n. 盛宴/宴会
obviously
adv. 显然地/明显地
romantic
adj. 浪漫的/爱情的
gender
n. 性别
apparently
adv. 显然地
concerning
prep. 关于/涉及
analytic
adj. 解析的/分析的;分解的;善于分析的
prioritize
v. 按重要性排列;划分优先顺序;优先处理
criterion
n. (评判或做决定的)标准/准则/原则(复数criteria)
comparison
n. 比较/对比;相比
reflect
v. 反映;反射;显示;认真思考
schematic
adj. 简略的;严谨的
(right) off the bat
立刻;毫不犹豫
convince
v. 使相信/使信服;说服/劝说
metal
n. 金属
otter
n. 水獭
seal
n. 海豹
walrus
n. 海象
abacus
n. 算盘
abase
vt. 使谦卑/贬抑 (debase/demean)
abate
v. (指风势/疼痛等)减弱/减轻 (diminish/decrease)
abdicate
v. 放弃(高职位/权利);放弃王位 (yield)
abdominal
adj. 腹部的/下腹的
abduct
v. 诱拐/拐走 (kidnap)
aberrant
adj. 不循常规的/偏离正道的 (anomalous/atypical/deviant)
abhor
v. 憎恨/厌恶 (hate/detest)
abject
adj. 悲惨的/可怜的;(指人/行为)下流的/下贱的 (mean/ignoble)
ably
adv. 干练地/能干地
abnormality
n. 反常/不正常/变态
abode
n. 住所
abominable
adj. 可憎的/可恶的;极坏的;令人不愉快的
aboveboard
adj. 光明磊落的/广平正大的/率直的 (forthright/plain dealing/straight)
abreast
adv. 并肩/并列
abridge
v. 删节/缩写 (cut/cut back/retrench/slash)
abstain
vt. 戒酒;放弃(投票等) (desist/refrain)
abstention
n. (投票)弃权;戒除
abstinence
n. 禁欲/节制 (continence/temperance)
abusive
adv. 辱骂地/诅咒地
abyss
n. 深渊
accede
vt. 同意;就职 (assent/acquiesce)
