Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Life Cycle Nutrition > Toddler and Preschool Nutrition > Flashcards

Toddler and Preschool Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

toddlers are ages ____

stage of development is characterized by rapid increase in ___________

they develop increased independence, exploration, and ____ skills.

A

1-3 years
gross and fine motor skills
language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

preschool aged children are _____ years old

characterized by increasing autonomy, broader social circumstances, increasing language skills and expanding ________ control

A

3-5 years old

behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

undernutrition during toddler and preschool years can impair _____ development and ability to explore ______

A

cognitive
explore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

toddler growth is an average gain of ___ oz and ____ inches in height per month

A

8 oz
0.4 in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

in preschoolers, average gain of ____ in weight and growth of ______ per year

A

4.4 lb
2.75 inches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how to measure and weigh children under 2

A

without clothes or just in a dry diaper
measure recumbent length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how to measure and weigh preschoolers

A

with light clothing and no shoes using a height bored

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

growth charts are ____ and ___ specific

A

gender and age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

birth to age 2 is the ______ charts
2-20 years is the ____ charts

A

WHO growth charts
CDC growth charts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

types to look at of growth charts

A

weight for age
head circumference for age
length for age
weight for length
BMI for age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

BMI for age growth charts is predictive of body fat for children over ___ years of age. BMI increases in _____ and decreases during _______ with the lowest levels at __ to ___ years

A

2
infancy
preschool years
4-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

crawl upstairs at ____

A

15 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

rides a tricycle at ____

A

36 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

runs stiffly at ______

A

18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

walk up stairs one foot at a time

A

24 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

alternate feet going up stairs

A

30 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

jumps in place

A

24 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

in toddlers, social development involves _______
in toddlers, _______ are common

A

imitating others
temper tantrums

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

in toddlers, vocabulary expands dramatically

____ words at 18 months
____ words at 2 yrs
_______ by 3 years

A

10-15
100+
3 word sentences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

development of feeding skills of toddlers…

bottle weening at ____
completely weaned at ____
refined pincer grasp at _____
able to use tongue to clean lips and rotary chewing at _____

A

9-10 months
12-14 months
12 months
18-24 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

feeding behaviors of toddlers

A

usually have strong preferences and dislikes
food jags common
imitate eating behavior of others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

when feeding toddlers serve new foods how ?
also avoid battles over food or ______

A

with familiar food
force feeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

toddlers experience a _____ in appetite.
toddler sized portions average _____ per year of age
avoid ____ snacks

A

decrease
1 tbsp
sugary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

In general, toddlers age _____ months old should drink whole milk to help provide the dietary fats they need for normal growth & brain development
◦ After age ____, children can switch to 1% reduced fat or nonfat milk

A

12-14 months
2 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Starting at age ___, ____ servings/week of fish is recommended
◦ Avoid those high in mercury=> shark, swordfish, king mackerel, marlin, orange roughy, tilefish, bigeye tuna

A

2
1-2 servings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

preschool children experience ______ and are ______.

A

magical thinking
egocentric (cant understand others point of view)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

preschool age become more _____ and move toward more organized group play

vocabulary expands to ______ and begin using ______

A

cooperative
>2000 words
complete sentences

28
Q

preschool age children can use ____________ while eating now. foods should be cut into bite size pieces to avoid choking

A

fork, spoon, lid off cup

29
Q

preschool age is a good time to involve them and teach them about food because ________

A

they want to be helpful and please their parents

30
Q

young children often do not like their foods to be _______

A

mixed or touch eachother

31
Q

what is temperament

A

the behavioral style of the child

32
Q

easy temperament

A

will try new things and fine with schedule change

33
Q

difficult temperament

A

not very adaptable

34
Q

slow to warm up temperament

A

need several occurrences to be okay with it

35
Q

may need ____ exposures to new foods before acceptance

A

8-10

36
Q

Parents vs Childs responsibility during eating

A

Parents responsible for what when and where they eat

children responsible for how much or whether they eat

37
Q

forcing child to _______ should be avoided and controlling intake either thru contingencies or _____ practices should be avoided

A

clean their plate
coercive

38
Q

Energy needs DRI of 1-3 years old

A

girls - 992 kcal
boys - 1046 kcal

39
Q

EER for 1-3 years old

A

(89 x wt in kg – 100) + 20

40
Q

age 4-8 energy requirements

A

girls - 1642
Boys - 1742

41
Q

PA for EER equation

A

PA:
1 (sedentary)
1.16 (low active)
1.31 (active)
1.56 (very active)

42
Q

protein needs for 1-3 yrs old
protein needs for 4-8 yrs old

A

1.1 g/kg/d or 13 g/day

0.95 g/kg/d or 19 g/day

43
Q

iron, zinc, and calcium requirements for 1-3 years

A

iron 7 mg/day
zinc 3 mg/day
calcium 700 mg/day

44
Q

iron, zinc, and calcium requirements for 4-8 years

A

iron 10 mg/day
zinc 5 mg/day
calcium 1000 mg/day

45
Q

____% of 1-2 year olds are iron deficient

A

15.9%

46
Q

children aged 1-5 should drink no more than ____ of milk due to low iron content

if child is at high risk they should be tested at ____ months, then ___ months later, and annually from ages ____

A

24 oz/day

9-12
6
2-5

47
Q

AAP recommends universal screening at ____ months of age

A

12 months

48
Q

nutrition intervention for iron deficiency anemia is

A

3 mg/kg/d of iron drops

counseling parents on dietary sources of iron
- lean meat, fish, poultry
- include vit C to increase absorption of non heme iron sources

repeat testing in 4 weeks

49
Q

dental carries is cause by ___________ and increased risk with habitual use of _____ or consumption of ____ foods

prevention?

A

streptococcus mutans
bottle or sippy cup with juice or milk

fluoride from water or supplement

50
Q

constipation in children is caused by ______

prevention?

A

“stool holding”

adequate fiber and fluid

51
Q

fiber for 1-3 yrs
fiber for 4-8 years

A

19 g/day
25 g/day

52
Q

lead poisoning seen in ____ of children aged 1-5

major lead causes are ________________

A

0.9%

airborne lead, lead chips, and dust from paint

53
Q

about ___ % of children live in housing with deteriorated lead based paint and young children are at higher risk due to tendency to put things in their mouth and lead exposure can be linked to _____, _____, and _____

A

25%

lower IQ
behavioral problems
decreased growth

54
Q

about ___ % of children live in housing with deteriorated lead based paint and young children are at higher risk due to tendency to put things in their mouth and lead exposure can be linked to _____, _____, and _____

A

25%

lower IQ
behavioral problems
decreased growth

55
Q

risk factors for lead exposure

A

living in older homes
living in poverty
iron deficiency anemia (pica)

56
Q

adequate _____ and ______ intake may decrease lead absorption

A

iron and calcium

57
Q

_____ may increase lead excretion

A

vitamin C

58
Q

children aged 2-5
2003/2004 - ____ % were overweight
2013/2014 - ____ % were overweight

A

13.9
9.4

59
Q

BMI for age is what percentile for overweight and obese

A

85 - 94th %ile is overweight
95 or above %ile is obese

60
Q

Obese children & children with familial hyperlipidemia can have high____-cholesterol levels

A

LDL

61
Q

NHLBI Cardiovascular Health Integrated Lifestyle Diet (CHILD-1) for children at risk for CVD

◦ Limit saturated fat to ___% of kcal needs
◦ Avoid ___ fats as much as possible
◦ Total fat: ___% (12-24 months) and ____% (2-10 yrs) of kcal needs
◦ Transition to ________ unflavored milk (age 12-24 months) and ______ unflavored milk (ages 2-10 yrs)
◦ Limit/avoid sugar-sweetened beverages

A

8-10%
trans
30%
25-30%
reduced fat
fat-free

62
Q

Few definitive studies exist on the effectiveness of ______ for adults and much less in children

Advise parents of potential risks & the need to closely monitor the child if given supplements

A

herbal therapies

63
Q

recommended foods for iron

A

meats
fortified cereal
dried beans
peas

64
Q

recommended food for fiber

A

fruits
veggies
whole grains

65
Q

Vegetarian diet guidelines

◦ Provide ___ meals and ____ snacks per day
◦ Avoid excessive bulky foods (for example, bran)
◦ Include energy dense foods (for example, cheese)
◦ Provide an ______ fatty acid source (for example, tofu)
◦ Ensure an adequate intake of _______

A

3
2-3
omega-3
calcium, zinc, iron, vitamins B12, and D

66
Q

Children in part-day programs (_____ hrs/d) should
receive ____ meal and ____ snacks or
___meals and ___ snack

Full-day programs (>___ hrs/d) should provide ____
meals and ___ snacks or ___ meal and ___ snacks

Offer food at intervals not less than ___ hours & no
more ____ hours

Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP)

A

4-7 hrs/day
1 meal, 2 snacks
2 meals, 1 snack

> 8 hrs/day
2 meals, 2 snacks
1 meal, 3 snacks

2 hours
3 hours

Life Cycle Nutrition (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions