tissue Flashcards
What are the 4 (5) tissue types
- Epithelial tissue
- Nervous tissue
- Connective tissue (blood tissue may also belong in this category)
- Muscle (contractile tissue)
What does nervous tissue consist of
2
- nerve cells/neurons
- neurological cells
What neurological cells belong in the CNS
4
- astrocytes
- oligodenrocytes
- microglial cells
- ependymal cells
What neuological cells belong to the PNS
2
- satellite cells
- Schwann cells
What is the function of a neuron
- to receive and faciliate nerve impulses
what are neurological cells
- supporting cells (facilitate conduction of nerve impulse, immune function and maintenance of neurones)
Whate are the 5 different types of connective tissue
- loose fibrous connective tissue
- dense fibrous connective tissue
- hyaline cartilage
- bone tissue
- adipose tissue
what are the key functions of connective tissue
4
- support
- movement
- protection
- fat (energy) store
What are the histological qualities of LCT
3
- contains fewer fibres (still collagen and elastin)
- more cells and ground substance
- less rigid and more easily distorted but can still provide resitance when stretched to create a tough barrier (thx to collagen)
what is the structure of LCT
cells found within a network of mostly collagen fibres
what is the function of LCT
4
- loose packing
- support
- nourishment to associated structures
- tissue sliding
What are the characteristics of DCT
4
- highter proportion of fibres compared to LCT
- fewer cells
- less ground substance in the extracellular matrix
- can be divided into regular and irregular CT depending on the alignment of fibres
Where can you typically find DCT
4
- tendons
- ligaments
- cornea of the eye
- arteries
what is the structure of DCT
matrix composed of collagen and elastin fibres
what is the function of DCT
tensile strength and stretch resistance
What are the 3 types of cartilaginous tissue
- hyaline
- fibrocratilage
- elastic cartilage
What are the key characterisitcs of cartilaginous tissue
4
- cells are called chondrocytes
- produce a matrix made up of type 2 collagen, glycoproteins and water
- does not contain calcium phosphate (therefore flexible)
- continually broken down and renewed throughout life
what is the structure of cartilage
varies depending on type
what is the function of cartilage
provide flexibility with rigidity.
fibrocartilage can withstand a lot of pressure
What are the 2 types of bone tissue
- lamellar (compact)
- trabecular (spongy)
what are the characterisitcs of bone tissue
2
- constantly remodelled throughout life
- hard due to calcium phosphate in the extracellular matrix
what is the structure of bone tissue
3
- collagen network (tensile strength)
- crystalline (compressive strength)
- bone cells (maintenance of bone)
what is the functions of bone tissue
to provide strength and support
What are the cells that produce/maintain bone tissue
3
osteoblasts
osteocytes
osteoclasts
what are the cells that produce/maintain muscle
myocytes
what are the cells that produce/maintain tendons
tenocytes (elongated fibrocytes)
fibrocytes produce collagen
What does extracellular matrix consist of
3
- collagen and elastin fibres
- ground substance (contains hyaluronic acid and proteoglycan)
- water
what is the function of the extracellular matrix
2
structural support for cells
guides cellular division growth and development
What does cellular function does the suffix “blast” indicate
creation of matrix
what cellular function does the suffix “cyte” indicate
maintenance of matrix
what cellular function does the suffix “clasts” indicate
break down the matrix for remodelling
