Hindlimb Flashcards
Biceps femoris
O: ventrolateral ischiatic tuberosity
I: patella, patellar ligament, tibial crest, calcaneal tuber
A: hip and stifle stabilisation (through extension), stifle flexion and tarsal extension
N: sciatic nerve
semitendinous
O: caudoventrolateral ischiac tuberosity
I: medial surface of proximal part of tibia and common calcaneus tendon
A: hip and tarsal extension/stifle flexion
N: Tibial nerve (sciatic nerve)
semimembranous
O: caudaoventral ischiatic tuberosity
I: medial condyle of tibia and femur (caudal belly) and mediodistal femur (cranial belly)
A: extend hip, adduction, some stifle flexion
N: tibial nerve (sciatic nerve)
cranial sartorius
O: ilium Tuber coxae
I: cranial tibia
A: hip and stifle flexion during limb protraction, stifle extension whilst standing
N: saphenous nerve (femoral)
Adductor Longus
O: pubic tubercle
I: facies aspera - a roughened surface on the mediocaudal aspect of the femur at its proximal part
A: limb adduction and hip extension
N: obtuator nerves (femoral)
adductor magnus et brevis muscle
O: pelvic symphysis and ischiatic arch
I: facies aspera
A: limb adduction and hip extension
N: obturator nerves (femoral)
cranial tibial muscle
O: lateral tibial condyle
I: metatarsal I/medial aspect of tarsal and metatarsal bones
A: tarsal flexion and paw supination
N: fibular nerve (sciatic)
fibularis longus muscle
O: lateral surface of the distal two thirds of the fibula and tibia
I: fourth tarsal and the plantar surfaces of the base of all the metatarsals
A: pronation and flexion of the tarsus
gastrocnemius muscle
O: lateral and medial supracondylar tuberosities
I: calcaneal tuber via the common calcaneal tendon
A: tarsal extension (and slightly stifle flexion)
N: tibial nerve (sciatic)
gracilis muscle
O: pelvic symphsis via symphysial tendon
I: cranio-proximal tibia
A: limb adduction, hip extension, stifle felxion, tarsal flexion
N: obturator nerve (femoral)
internal obturator uscle
O: pubis and ischium medial to obturator foramen
I: torchanteric fossa
A: hip extension, supination, stabilisation
N: sciatic nerve
lateral digital flexor muscle
O: caudal aspect of fibula and tibia
I: lateral digital flexor and medial digital flexor form a common tendon whihc splits to insert onto plnatar p3 od each digit
A: flexion of digits
N: tibial nerve
long digital extensor muscle
O: lateral femoral condyle
I: p3 of II, III, IV and V
A: digit extension and tarsal flexion as well as stifle flexion
N: fibular nerve
middle gluteal muscle
O: ilial gluteal surface, iliac crest and sacral tuber
I: greater trochanter of the femur
A: hip extension and stabilisation
N: cranial gluteal nerve (sciatic)
Psoas major muscle
O: ventral surface of lumbar vertebrae (2-7) and transverse processes
I: lesser trochanter of femur
A: combines w iliacus to form iliopsoas muscle to flex and supinate hip joint as well as fixation to vertebral column
N: lumbar spinal nerves
Caudal sartorius
O: Ilium tuber coxae
I: cranial tibia
A: hip and stifle flexion during limb protrction, stifle extension whilst standing
N: Saphenous nerve (femoral)
superficial gluteal muscle
O: sacrum, first coccygeals, fascias attaching to ilium and sacrotuberous ligament
I: third trochanter of the femur
A: hip extension
N: caudal gluteal nerve (sciatic)
tensor fascia latae muscle
O: coxal tuber of ilium extending to alar spine
I: femoral fascia
A: hip flexion, stifle extension, limb abduction, tenses fascia lata
N: cranial gluteal nerve (sciatic)
Vastus lateralis muscle
O: proximal craniolateral femur
I: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
A: stifle extension
N: femoral nerve
Vastus medialis muscle
O: proximal craniomedial femur
I: tibial tuberosity
A: stifle flexion
N: femoral nerve
vastus intermedius muscle
O: proximal craniolateral femur
I: tibial tuberosity
A: stifle flexion
N: femoral nerve
caudal tibial muscle
O: proximomedial fibula
I: medial tarsus
A: tarsal extension and paw supination
N: tibial nerve (sciatic)
rectus femoris muscle
O: lateral ilium, cranial to acetabulum
I: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
A: stifle extension and hip flexion
N: femoral nerve
quadratus femoris muscle
O: ventral ischium
I: intertrochanteric crest
A: hip extension, supination and stabilisation
N: sciatic nerve
popliteus muscle
O: caudal lateral condyle of femur
I: caudal aspect tibia until linea poplitea
A: flexes and pronates the stifle joint
N: tibial nerve (sciatic)
piriformis muscle
O: caudal sacrum and first coccygeal vertebra
I: greater trochanter of the femur
A: hip extension
N: caudal gluteal nerves
peroneus longus muscle
O: tibia lateral condyle
I: proximal plantar metatarsals and 4th metatarsal and tarsal
A: tarsal felxion and paw pronation
N: fibular nerve (sciatic)
peroneus brevis muscle
O: laterla surface distal tibia and fibula
I: metatarsal V base
A: tarsal flexion
N: fibular nerves (sciatic)
pectineus muscle
O: iliopubic eminence and prepubic tendon
I: medial popliteal part of femur near adductor magnus et brevis
A: adduction of the limb
N: obturator nerve (femoral)
medial digital flexor muscle
O: proximal fibula
I: lateral digital flexor and medial digital flexor form a common tendon which splits to insert onto plantar P3 of each digit
A: digit flexion
N: tibial nerve (sciatic)
lateral digital extensor muscle
O: proximal fibula
I: combines w tendon of long digital extensor on 5th digit
A: extension and abduction of digit 5
N: fibular and peroneal nerve (sciatic)
iliacus muscle
O: ventral ilium
I: lessrr trochanter of femur
A: hip flexion and supintion as well as lumbar spine stabilisation
N: lumbar spinal nerves
gemellus muscle
O: lateral border of ischium
I: trochanteric fossa
A: lateral and outward hip rotation and stabilisation
N: sciatic nerve
external obturator muscle
O: ventral pubis and ischium adjacent to symphysis
I: trochanteric fossa
A: lateral hip rotation (outwards) and stabilisation
N: obturator nerve (femoral)
deep gluteal muscle
O: shaft of ilium and spina ischiadica
I: great trochanter of cranial femur
A: hip extension and stabilisation with some degree of abduction
N: cranial gluteal nerve (sciatic)
articularis coxae muscle
O: iliopubic eminence
I: proximal neck of femur
A: hip flexion
N: femoral nerve
superficial digital flexor muscle
O: lateral distal femur
I: calcaneal tuber and bases of P2
A: tarsal extension and digital flexion
N: tibial nerve (sciatic)
