Time and Work Flashcards
Adj
1. резкий, 2. крутой
sudden and unexpected.
неожиданный поворот
Я был удивлен резкой сменой темы
Наш разговор резко оборвался, когда Джордж ворвался в комнату.
Abrupt
I was surprised by the abrupt change of subject
An abrupt change/movement
Our conversation came to an abrupt end when George burst into the room.
abrupt turn
Noun
a thing belonging or appropriate to a period other than that in which it exists, especially a thing that is conspicuously old-fashioned.
ძველი დროის გადმონაშთი, რომელიც არ შეეფერება თანამედროვე ცხოვრებას; მოძველებული შეხედულება ან ჩვეულება[1]. წლების ანგარიშისას დაშვებული შეცდომა ან დროთა აღრევა [2].
Anachronism
“the town is a throwback to medieval times, an anachronism that has survived the passing years”
For some people, marriage is an anachronism from the days when women needed to be protected.
noun
a collectible object such as a piece of furniture or work of art that has a high value because of its age and quality.
Полин любит коллекционировать антиквариат
Antique
“Pauline loves collecting antiques”
Adj
having a high value because of age and quality.
belonging to ancient times.
статуи античных богов
старинные часы
Antique
“an antique clock”
“statues of antique gods”
Verb
(of time) pass or go by.
«Прошло несколько недель, прежде чем кто-либо был обвинен в нападении»
Прошло четыре года с тех пор, как он покинул колледж, и все же он не нашел работу
Elapse, Elapsed, Elapsed
“weeks elapsed before anyone was charged with the attack”
Four years had elapsed since he left college and still he hadn’t found a job.
Adj.
- мгновенный
- немедленный
occurring or done instantly.
современные методы мгновенного общения
Мгновенный ответ / ответ / реакция
Instantaneous
modern methods of instantaneous communication”
An instantaneous response/reply/reaction
Adj
temporary and intended to be used or accepted until something permanent exists.
synonyms: provisional, temporary, pro tem, stopgap, short-term, fill-in
Временное правительство было создано на период до первых свободных выборов в стране.
Interim
An interim solution
An interim government was set up for the period before the country’s first free election.
Noun
in the time between two particular periods or events.
Synonym
in the meantime
Новый секретарь начинает работу в июне, но пока что нам приходится печатать собственные письма.
«Тем временем я просто буду держать пальцы скрещенными»
In the interim
The new secretary starts in June, but in the interim we’re having to type our own letters.
“in the interim I’ll just keep my fingers crossed”
noun
1. промежуток
an interval or passage of time.
a period of time passing between two things happening.
synonyms: interval, gap
«Между этими двумя событиями был значительный промежуток времени»
Промежуток времени / промежуток времени
Он снова появился через два года
A Lapse
“there was a considerable lapse of time between the two events”
A time lapse/a lapse of time
He turned up again after a lapse of two years.
a period of a thousand years, especially when calculated from the traditional date of the birth of Christ.
1000 years
Millennium
“silver first came into use on a substantial scale during the 3rd millennium BC”
A millennium (plural millennia or millenniums) is a period equal to 1000 years, also called kiloyears. It derives from the Latin mille, thousand, and annus, year.
In contemporary history, the third millennium is a period of time that began on January 1, 2001, and will end on December 31, 3000 of the Gregorian calendar.
Adj
1) устарелый; вышедший из употребления; старомодный
no longer produced or used; out of date.
synonyms: out of date, outdated,
утилизация старой и устаревшей техники
вышедшее из употребления слово
устаревший термин
устаревшая технология
отжившая традиция
Obsolete
“the disposal of old and obsolete machinery”
obsolete word
obsolete term
obsolete technology
obsolete custom
Adj
done without delay; immediate.
synonyms: quick, swift, rapid, speedy, fast,
«Она бы умерла, если бы не скорая помощь двух врачей скорой помощи»
Prompt
“she would have died but for the prompt action of two ambulancemen”
adjective
- временный
- условный
Arranged or existing for the present, possibly to be changed later.
synonyms: interim, temporary,
«Временное правительство»
Эти даты являются только предварительными.
Provisional
“a provisional government”
These dates are only provisional.
Noun
a period of time for which an activity or condition lasts continuously:
A short period of a particular type of weather:
synonyms: period, time, interval,
Я жил в Каире на короткий промежуток времени.
У нее был ккороткий промежуток времени в качестве капитана команды.
короткий промежуток времени сухой погоды
A Spell
I lived in Cairo for a spell.
She had a brief spell as captain of the team.
I keep having/getting dizzy spells (= periods of feeling as if I’m turning around).
a spell of dry weather
The weather forecast is for dry, sunny spells.
Noun
a fixed or limited period of time spent doing a particular job or activity:
synonyms: spell, stretch, period, time,
Он только что закончил срок прохождения обязательной военной службы.
Возможно, ее самым продуктивным периодом была ее пятилетняя деятельность в качестве иностранного корреспондента в Нью-Йорке.
Stint
He has just finished a stint of compulsory military service.
Perhaps her most productive period was her five-year stint as a foreign correspondent in New York.
“his varied career included a stint as a magician”
Adj
Coming after something in time; following.
synonyms: following, ensuing, succeeding, successive, later, future, coming, upcoming, to come, next More
«теория была разработана после землетрясения 1906 года»
Subsequent
“the theory was developed subsequent to the earthquake of 1906”
Adj
lasting for only a limited period of time; not permanent.
synonyms: non-permanent, short-term, interim; provisional
временная работа
«временная потеря самоконтроля»
Temporary
“a temporary job”
“a temporary loss of self-control”
Adj
not or no longer needed or useful; superfluous.
synonyms: unnecessary, not required, inessential, unessential, needless
not needed or more than is needed.
«надлежащее использование избыточной церкви»
Старые копии учебника вскоре становятся излишними, когда выходит новое издание.
Redundant
“an appropriate use for a redundant church”
Old copies of a textbook soon become redundant when a new edition comes out.
redundant buildings/equipment/properties The levels of revenue generated by the auction sale of redundant properties was very encouraging.
Verb
fire to remove someone from a job, usually because they have done something wrong or badly, or sometimes as a way of saving the cost of employing them.
to attack a building or town, causing a lot of destruction and stealing many valuable things:
Sack
They sacked her for being late.
He got sacked from his last job.
The invaders sacked every village they passed on their route.
phrasal verb
1. возникать, 2. обнажаться
3. неожиданно обнаруживаться
Appear, occur, or come to one’s notice unexpectedly.
synonyms: happen, occur, arise, arrive, turn up
«возникло какое-то срочное дело»
Crop up
“some urgent business had cropped up”
Phrasal Verb
- to finally be in a particular place or situation
- be in a particular place or state after doing smth or because of doing it
Они путешествуют по Европе на поезде и планируют
завершить в Москве.
Большая часть этого мяса, вероятно, в конечном итоге будет кормом для собак.
Она останется без гроша, если продолжит так тратить.
End Up
They’re travelling across Europe by train and are planning to end up in Moscow.
Much of this meat will probably end up as dog food.
[ L ] She’ll end up penniless if she continues to spend like that.
[ + -ing verb ] After working her way around the world, she ended up teaching English as a foreign language.
Phrasal Verb
to begin (With)
На выходных началась избирательная кампания в Индонезии.
Это была эпоха, когда реклама действительно стартовала как индустрия.
kicked off (With)
Indonesia’s parliamentary election campaign kicked off at the weekend.
That era was when advertising really kicked off as an industry.
Phrasal Verb
to start working or studying hard
To start working hard especially when you should have done this earlier
Вам придется решительно взяться за
работу, если вы хотите сдать выпускные экзамены.
Knuckle Down
You’re going to have to really knuckle down if you want to pass your final exams.
Phrasal Verb
an occasion when a company stops employing someone, sometimes temporarily, because the company does not have enough money or enough work
Недавний экономический кризис привел к массовым увольнениям.
Руководители говорят, что в результате слияния увольнений не ожидается.
Lay off
The recent economic crisis has led to massive layoffs.
Executives say no layoffs are expected as a result of the merger.
Phrasal Verb
to be in the future:
If smth … … it is going to happen to you in the future
Мы не знаем, что ждет впереди.
Вы заканчиваете сегодня, и впереди вас ждет захватывающее будущее.
Lie ahead
We don’t know what lies ahead.
You graduate today, and an exciting future lies ahead of you.
Phrasal Verb
to start or continue doing something in a determined way, although it is difficult:
Большинство делегатов заявили, что хотят продолжить переговоры.
Телефонная компания намерена продолжить работу с соглашением.
Press ahead/on with smth
Most of the delegates said they wanted to press ahead with the talks.
The phone company intends to press on with the arrangement.
Phrasal Verb
to start an activity with a particular aim
Она отправилась с целью стать самой молодой победительницей чемпионата.
Они намеревались найти лекарство от рака.
Set out
She set out with the aim of becoming the youngest ever winner of the championship.
[ + to infinitive ] They set out to discover a cure for cancer.
Phrasal Verb
If you are … … , you have too much of smth to deal with
Snow under
I am totally snowed under at school
Phrasal Verb
to start to employ someone
Accept some work or responsibility
Synonyms: To employ someone:employ, appoint
В настоящее время мы не принимаем на работу новых сотрудников.
Take on
We’re not taking on any new staff at the moment.
Phrasal Verb
Help someone to get to the end of a difficult period of time, especially by giving them money until they can get some more
Можете ли вы одолжить мне немного денег, чтобы продержаться до выходных?
Tide Over
Can you lend me some money to tide me over till the weekend?
Have another piece of cake. It’ll tide you over till supper.
Phrasal Verb
Spend time in a relaxed way when you have nothing else to do
Я часто вязала, когда была беременна, чтобы скоротать время.
While Away
I used to knit a lot when I was pregnant just to while away the time.
Phrasal Verb
End or finish smth gradually
gradually reduce work before stopping completely
relax after a period of excitement or worry
Когда он уходит в отпуск, ему нужны первые пару дней, чтобы просто расслабляться.
Они сворачивают свою зарубежную деятельность, потому что теряют деньги.
WInd down
When he goes on holiday, it takes him the first couple of days just to wind down.
They’re winding down their overseas operation because it is losing money.
The City has started to wind down before the Christmas break.
The stressfulness of the job makes it hard to wind down on the weekends.
Phrase
a group of people having approximately the same age. age group
age bracket
idiom
идти своим чередом; проходить
used to say that something begins, continues for a time, and then ends
complete its natural development without interference
Run its course
The disease usually runs its course in a few days.
his illness had to run its course to the crisis
PHRASE
while something is happening or continuing
In / During the course of
The insurance covers you if you are injured in the course of your employment.
During the course of the morning I learned a lot about the project.
phrasal Verb
assume an office, duty, or title;
“Когда новый президент вступит в должность?”
Take office
“When will the new President take office?”
Noun
- владелец офиса
a person who holds a position of authority or service, especially within a government or government organization.
Office holder
Phrase
a large multistory building containing the offices of one or more companies.
Office Block
phrase
continually; at tedious length.
synonyms: for a long time, for ages, for hours, at (great) length,
“он продолжал и дальше о своем дедушке
on and on
“he went on and on about his grandad’s trombone”
phrase
непрерывно, подряд
continuing without stopping for a specified period of time.
“иногда они будут отсутствовать целыми днями”
два года подряд
on end
“sometimes they’ll be gone for days on end”
for two years on end
noun
1.a very brief moment of time.
adjective
1. very rapid or accurate.
«На долю секунды я колебался»
сверхточный расчет времени имеет решающее значение
split second
“for a split second, I hesitated”
“split-second timing is crucial”
noun
- семестр
the part of the year during which instruction is being given in schools, colleges, or universities.
term time
“at present the crèche operates during term time only”
To occupy oneself during a period of spare time.
pass the time
If you’re looking for a way to pass the time, we have plenty of great books to read!
noun
a specified period of time in which something occurs or is planned to take place.
«Работа должна была быть выполнена в течение четырнадцати рабочих дней»
time frame
“the work had to be done in a time frame of fourteen working days”
To work or function perfectly or very smoothly.
work a treat
See, you just have to insert your card here and you can pop the door right open. Works a treat!
phrase
have a very beneficial effect on someone or something.
To produce excellent results or be extremely effective, especially unexpectedly.
Вам понравится этот новый крем для лица. Это работает чудеса на моих морщинах.
Отпуск сделает чудеса для вашего настроения.
work (or do) wonders
“a good night’s sleep can work wonders for mind and body”
You’ll love this new face cream. It works wonders on my wrinkles.
A vacation will do wonders for your mood.
noun
- возможность
- случайность
a possible event or outcome.
synonyms: incident, occurrence, happening, development
«будь готов ко всем возможностям»
eventuality
“be prepared for all eventualities”
adjective
marked by interesting or exciting events.
synonyms: busy, action-packed, full, lively, active
“его долгая и насыщенная жизнь”
(un)eventful
“his long and eventful life”
adverb
- в конечном счете
- в конце концов
in the end, especially after a long delay, dispute, or series of problems.
synonyms: in the end, in due course, by and by, in time, after some time, after a period of time, after a long time, after a bit, finally,
eventually
“eventually, after midnight, I arrived at the hotel”
adjective
someone who does not work regularly for one person or organization but does small pieces of work for different people
a jobbing actor, builder, gardener, etc.
verb
live or last longer than.
synonyms: outlive, survive, live after, remain alive after
Outlast
“the kind of beauty that will outlast youth”
a female manager
Manageress
adjective
of great importance or significance, especially in having a bearing on future events.
very important because of effects on future events:
synonyms: important, significant, epoch-making, historic,
momentous
“a period of momentous changes in East–West relations”
the momentous news of the president’s death
Whether or not to move overseas was a momentous decision for the family.
adjective
мгновенный, молниеносный, моментальный
lasting for a very short time; brief.
synonyms: brief, short, short-lived, quick,
momentary
“a momentary lapse of concentration”
adverb
на мгновение, на минуту
1. for a very short time.
synonyms: briefly, temporarily, fleetingly, for a moment, for a second, for an instant, for a minute, for a little while
momentarily
“as he passed Jenny’s door, he paused momentarily”
adjective
приводящий к обратным результатам
having the opposite of the desired effect.
Counterproductive
“child experts fear the Executive’s plans may prove counterproductive”
Improved safety measures in cars can be counterproductive as they encourage people to drive faster. — Оборудование автомобилей дополнительными средствами безопасности подчас приводит к обратному результату, так как автомобилисты начинают ездить с более высокой скоростью.
verb
1) сделать или сказать не вовремя, невпопад, некстати 2) не совпадать по времени 3) неправильно рассчитать время
choose a bad or inappropriate moment to do or say (something).
synonyms: ill-timed, badly timed, inopportune, inappropriate, untimely
Mistime
“he lost £800 million by mistimimg his withdrawal from the market”
phrase
Cause (someone or something) to stop existing or die.
put an end to
“injury put an end to his career”
Verb
препятствовать, противодействовать, сопротивляться
act against (something) in order to reduce its force or neutralize it.
Counteract
“should we deliberately intervene in the climate system to counteract global warming?”“should we deliberately intervene in the climate system to counteract global warming?”
Noun
контратака, контрнаступление
an attack made in response to one by an opponent.
Counterattack
“General MacArthur launched a counter-attack”
Noun, Verb
a weight that balances another weight.
(of a weight) balance (another weight).
counterbalance
“the trolley used a counterbalance and leverage action to reduce the effort of lifting loads”
“the sitter’s weight counterbalances the tilting pressure on the backrest”
Noun
a way of life and set of attitudes opposed to or at variance with the prevailing social norm.
counterculture
“the idealists of the 60s counterculture”
Noun
- контрразведка
activities designed to prevent or thwart spying by an enemy.
counter-espionage
Counterintelligence
noun
an action taken to counteract a danger or threat.
1. меры противодействия
Countermeasure
“for every clever defence that plants devise, some animal seems to be able to come up with a countermeasure”
Noun
контрнаступление
an attack made in response to one from an enemy, typically on a large scale or for a prolonged period.
a large-scale military offensive undertaken by a force previously on the defensive
Counteroffensive
“the operation was bogged down in confusion, allowing the Republicans to mount a counteroffensive”
Noun
a person or thing that corresponds to or has the same function as another person or thing in a different place or situation.
Counterpart
“the minister held talks with his French counterpart”
Phrasal Verb
used to convey that something now happening or about to happen should have happened earlier
давно пора
About time
It’s about time you got here. I’ve been waiting for over an hour!
“They’re getting married.” “Well, it’s about time!”
Phrasal Verb
intending to do something or close to doing something very soon
About to do
the ceremony was about to begin
Verb
переделывать, перерабатывать
make changes to (something), especially in order to make it more up to date
Она переработала множество своих композиций, чтобы сделать их более танцевальными …
To Rework
She reworked a lot of her compositions to make them more danceable…
See if you can rework your schedule and come up with practical ways to reduce the number of hours you’re on call.
Verb
плохо, неправильно управлять
«его обвинили в плохом управлении экономикой»
портить бизнес
To mismanage
“he was accused of mismanaging the economy”
mismanage a business
… started thinking that maybe employees are sometimes mismanaged because they let themselves be mismanaged.
adjective
своевременный; уместный
уместная шутка
Timely
timely joke
It couldn’t have happened at a better time! what a timely arrival
Adjective
old-fashioned or unsuitable for modern society
- устарелый
- старомодный
Модернизация этих устаревших производств займет много лет.
устаревшие идеи / отношения / ценности
устаревшие законы / машины / технологии
Antiquated
It will take many years to modernize these antiquated industries.
antiquated ideas/attitudes/values
antiquated laws/machinery/technology
Noun
древность
the ancient past, especially the period of classical and other human civilizations before the Middle Ages.
Каннабис использовался в лечебных целях с древности.
“великие цивилизации древности”
Antiquity
Cannabis has been used for medicinal purposes since antiquity.
“the great civilizations of antiquity”
Noun
the quality of being relevant or appropriate.
the fact of affecting or relating to a person or thing
- применимость
- пригодность
Предприятия должны соблюдать все применимые законы.
Applicability
Businesses must comply with all applicable laws.
