Thrombosis and Embolism Flashcards
Normal blood flow is
laminar
Stasis
stagnation of slow
turbulence
forceful, unpredictable flow
Pulmonary thromboembolism
obstruction of a blood vessel by a blood clot that has been dislodged from the pulmonary circulation
Virchows triad (all three)
changes in blood vessel wall
changes in blood constituents
changes in pattern of blood flow
Virchows triad are the
factors causing thrombosis
Thrombosis
formation of a solid mass from the constituents of blood within the vascular system
Pathogenesis of Thrombosis
Endothelial injury
stasis or turbulent blood flow
hyper coagulability of the blood
Common clinical scenarios that can arise from thrombosis
DVT
ischaemic limb
MI
Embolism
movement of abnormal material in the bloodstream and its impaction in a vessel, blocking its lumen
Systemic thromboembolus can travel to a wide variety of sites including
lower limbs, brain, other organs
Most common form of thromboembolism disease
venous thromboembolism (originates from deep venous in lower limbs)
Venous thromboembolism will travel to the
pulmonary arterial circulation
depending on the size it can occlude the main pulmonary artery
Risk factors for DVT and pulmonary thromboembolism
cardiac failure
severe trauma
post-op
malignancy
oral contraceptive
age
Type of embolus
fat
gas
air embolus
trophoblast
tumour
septic material
foreign bodies
amniotic fluid
