Pressure and flow in arteries and veins Flashcards
Pressure wave is effected by
stroke volume
velocity of ejection
elasticity of arteries
total peripheral resistance
arterial pressure increases with
age
large pressure drop through the arterioles
abbot 90 to 40mmHg
pulmonary circulation pressure is …… of systemic
1 fifth
height of the JVP can be used to measure
CVP
Venous pressure (and therefore venous return) is effects by
Gravity
skeletal muscle pump
respiratory pump
venomotor tone
systemic filling pressure
MAP equation
MAP = CO x TPR
Map too low leads to
fainting (syncope)
Map to high leads to
hypertension
Baroreceptors
sensors located in blood vessels
sense blood pressure and relay the information to the brain
regulating BP in the SHORT term is done by
baroreceptors
sends messaged to brain to constrict/dilate vessels
regulating BP in the long term revolves around the
blood volume
Regulating BP in the long term can be done by hormones such as
angiotensin II
aldosternone
vasopressin
Atrial natriuretic peptide
vasopressin
arteriolar constriction
therefore increased TPR
angiotensin II causes
arteriolar constriction
therefore increase TPR
Atrial natriuretic peptide causes
arteriolar dilation
therefore decreased TPR
Effects of standing up
increased hydrostatic pressure
The increase hydrostatic pressure of standing up leads to decreased
EDV
preload
SV
CO
MAP
The reflex response causes
decreased vagal tone
increased sympathetic tone
decreased vagal tone
increased HR
Increase CO
increased sympathy tone
increase HR
increase CO
increase contractility , SV
during the valsalva manoeuvre thoracic pressure is
transmitter through to the aorta
increased thoracic pressure will decrease
VR
EDV
SV
CO
MAP
