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Yr1-S2-Cardio Systems > Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis > Flashcards

Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis Flashcards

1
Q

Dilated cardiomyopathy

A

ventricular function is imparied

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2
Q

dilated cardiomyopathy aetiology

A

genetic

inflammatory, immune, infectious, postpartum

toxic (drugs, exogenous chemical, endocrine)

injury, cell loss, scar replacement

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3
Q

Symptoms of dilated cardiomyopathy

A

progressive, slow onset

dyspnoea

fatigue

orthopneoa

ankle swelling

cough

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4
Q

PMH of dilated cardiomyopathy

A

systemic illness

travel

vascular disease

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5
Q

Examination of dilated cardiomyopathy

A

poor perfusion

SOB

narrow pulse pressure

JVP elevated

displace apex

pulmonary oedema

ankle oedema

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6
Q

Investigations dilated cardiomyopathy

A

ECG

CXR

BNP

basic bloods and U+E

Echo

coronary angiogram

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7
Q

Treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy

physical

A

correct anaemia

correct endocrine disturbance

monitor fluids

manage weight

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8
Q

Pharmacological treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy

A

ACE inhibitors

Angiotensin II blockers

diuretics

beta blockers

cardiac transplants

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9
Q

Restrictive and infiltrative cardiomyopathy

A

less common

describes the filling and myocyte relaxation capacity

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10
Q

Restrictive and infiltrative cardiomyopathy pathology

A

inability to fill well a ventricle whose wall has reduced compliance

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11
Q

Restrictive and infiltrative cardiomyopathy investigation

A

ECG

CXR

BNP

Basic Bloods (FBC, U+E)

Echo

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12
Q

Restrictive and infiltrative cardiomyopathy treatment

A

limit diuretic use

beta blockers (limit ACEI use)

anticoagulants

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13
Q

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy pathology

A

myocyte hypertrophy and disarray

general or just segments of wall thickness

impaired relaxation

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14
Q

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy symptoms

A

asymptomatic for many

palpitations ,exertion symptoms

SOB, fatigue, chest pains

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15
Q

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy examination

A

can be none!

irregluar pulse

JVP can be raids

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16
Q

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy investigations

A

ECG

Echo

CMRI

17
Q

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy general measure to reduce symptoms

A

avoid exercise

avoid dehydration

genetic testing

18
Q

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy pharmacological

A

drugs to enhance relaxation

anticoagulate

19
Q

Myocarditis

A

acute or chronic inflammation of the myocardium

20
Q

Myocarditis causes

A

viral

fungal

bacterial

toxins

autoimmune

21
Q

Myocarditis symptoms

A

heart failure with fatigue, SOB

22
Q

Myocarditis investigations

A

ECG abnormal

Echo

Biomarkers of MI

CMRI

auto antibodies

23
Q

Myocarditis general measures to reduce symptoms

A

treat heart failure

immunotherapy

stop possible drugs or toxic agent exposure

24
Q

Pericardial Disease

(pericarditis) what is it?

A

inflammation of the pericardial layers with or without myocardial involvement

25
Q

Pericardial Disease causes

A

most are either viral or idiopathic

(HIV, Hep B) etc

26
Q

Pericardial Disease symptoms

A

chest pain

fever

raised temperature

low BP

raised JVP

27
Q

Pericardial Disease investigations

A

ECG

Echo

troponin

28
Q

Pericardial Disease general measures to reduce symptoms

A

wait for viral to stop

bacterial must be drained (small effusion)

29
Q

Pericardial effusion causes

A

same causes of pericarditis

30
Q

Pericardial effusion symptoms

A

fatigue

SOB

Dizzy

Low BP

31
Q

Pericardial effusion tests

A

Echo

CXR

32
Q

Pericardial effusion treatment

A

drainage

33
Q

constrictive pericarditis causes

A

idiopathic

post surgery

radiation

autoimmune

34
Q

constrictive pericarditis pathology

A

impaired filling

35
Q

constrictive pericarditis symptoms

A

fatigue

SOB

cough

36
Q

constrictive pericarditis signs

A

right heart failure

odema

his JVP

jaundice

hepatomegally

37
Q

constrictive pericarditis investigations

A

echo

right heart catheter

38
Q

constrictive pericarditis treatment

A

limited diuretic

pericardectomy

Yr1-S2-Cardio Systems (33 decks)

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