Thrombolytics/Others

Question 1

Alteplase

Answer 1

Thrombolytics

Convert plasminogen to plasmin, which catalyses the breakdown of fibrin.

Question 2

Tenecteplase

Answer 2

Thrombolytics

Convert plasminogen to plasmin, which catalyses the breakdown of fibrin.

Question 3

Tranexamic acid

Answer 3

Antifibrinolytic

Inhibits breakdown of clots by blocking binding of plasminogen and plasmin to fibrin.

Question 4

Vitamin K/phytomenadione

Answer 4

Essential cofactor in the synthesis of blood clotting factors II, VII, IX and X, and proteins C and S; reverses effect of vitamin K antagonists.

Question 5

Andexanet alfa

Answer 5

Reversal agent

An inactive form of human factor Xa that binds to apixaban or rivaroxaban, reducing their capacity to act on endogenous factor Xa.

Question 6

Idarucizumab

Answer 6

Reversal agent

Humanised monoclonal antibody fragment (Fab) that binds with dabigatran and its metabolites to form a stable inactive complex, reversing their anticoagulant effect.

Question 7

Protamine

Answer 7

Reversal agent

Combines with heparin to form a stable inactive complex, reversing its anticoagulant effect.