Pulmonary hypertension

Question 1

Epoprostenol

Answer 1

prostacyclin and prostaglandin I2.

Prostacyclins inhibit platelet aggregation and also cause direct vasodilation of the pulmonary arterial bed improving haemodynamics and exercise capacity.

Question 2

Iloprost

Answer 2

Prostacyclin

Prostacyclins inhibit platelet aggregation and also cause direct vasodilation of the pulmonary arterial bed improving haemodynamics and exercise capacity.

Question 3

Selexipag

Answer 3

Prostacyclin

Prostacyclins inhibit platelet aggregation and also cause direct vasodilation of the pulmonary arterial bed improving haemodynamics and exercise capacity.

Question 4

Ambrisentan

Answer 4

Endothelin antagonist

Endothelin‑1 has a pathogenic role in pulmonary hypertension, promoting vasoconstriction, cell proliferation and vascular remodelling. Endothelin antagonists block endothelin receptors, causing vasodilation and improving exercise capacity.

Question 5

Bosentan

Answer 5

Endothelin antagonist

Endothelin‑1 has a pathogenic role in pulmonary hypertension, promoting vasoconstriction, cell proliferation and vascular remodelling. Endothelin antagonists block endothelin receptors, causing vasodilation and improving exercise capacity.

Question 6

Macitentan

Answer 6

Endothelin antagonist

Endothelin‑1 has a pathogenic role in pulmonary hypertension, promoting vasoconstriction, cell proliferation and vascular remodelling. Endothelin antagonists block endothelin receptors, causing vasodilation and improving exercise capacity.

Question 7

Sildenafil

Answer 7

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor

Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) leads to relaxation of smooth muscle in the pulmonary vascular bed producing vasodilation and reduction in pulmonary vascular resistance.

Question 8

Tadalafil

Answer 8

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor

Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) leads to relaxation of smooth muscle in the pulmonary vascular bed producing vasodilation and reduction in pulmonary vascular resistance.

Question 9

Riociguat

Answer 9

Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator that targets the nitric oxide (NO)-sGC-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway, resulting in vasodilation and reduced pulmonary artery pressure.