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Drugs > Eye drops > Flashcards

Eye drops Flashcards

1
Q

Framycetin

A

Aminoglycoside

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2
Q

Gentamicin

A

Aminoglycoside

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3
Q

Tobramycin

A

Aminoglycoside

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4
Q

Ciprofloxacin

A

Quinolones

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5
Q

Ofloxaacin

A

Quinolones

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6
Q

Chloramphenicol

A

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome and preventing the activity of peptidyltransferase.

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7
Q

Aciclovir

A

Antiviral

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8
Q

Betaxolol

A

Beta-blocker

Reduce aqueous humour production, probably by blockade of beta receptors on the ciliary epithelium.

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9
Q

Timolol

A

Beta block

Reduce aqueous humour production, probably by blockade of beta receptors on the ciliary epithelium.

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10
Q

Bimatoprost

A

Prostaglandin analogue

Reduce intraocular pressure by increasing uveoscleral outflow of aqueous humour.

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11
Q

Latanoprost

A

Prostaglandin analogue

Reduce intraocular pressure by increasing uveoscleral outflow of aqueous humour.

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12
Q

Travoprost

A

Prostaglandin analogue

Reduce intraocular pressure by increasing uveoscleral outflow of aqueous humour.

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13
Q

Apraclonidine

A

Alpha2 agonist

Reduce intraocular pressure by suppressing production of aqueous humour and increasing uveoscleral outflow.

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14
Q

Brimonidine

A

Alpha2 agonist

Reduce intraocular pressure by suppressing production of aqueous humour and increasing uveoscleral outflow.

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15
Q

Brinzolamide

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Inhibit carbonic anhydrase II (predominant subtype found in the eye), which reduces aqueous humour production.

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16
Q

Dorzolamide

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Inhibit carbonic anhydrase II (predominant subtype found in the eye), which reduces aqueous humour production.

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17
Q

Acetazolamide

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

Inhibits carbonic anhydrase, resulting in:

reduced aqueous humour production, thereby reducing intraocular pressure
carbon dioxide accumulation in the brain, thereby reducing neuronal activity
mild diuresis and metabolic acidosis (which increases respiration rate and improves oxygenation at high altitude)

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18
Q

Mannitol

A

Hyperosmotic agent

Increases plasma osmolality and draws water out of body tissues, producing an osmotic diuresis that results in reduced intraocular and intracranial pressure.

19
Q

Pilocarpine

A

Cholinergic

Cholinergic effect contracts:

iris sphincter causing miosis (pupil constriction)
ciliary muscle, which increases outflow through the trabecular meshwork lowering intraocular pressure.

20
Q

Naphazoline

A

Vasoconstrictor

Vasoconstrictors are alpha-adrenoreceptor agonists that constrict conjunctival blood vessels, reducing ocular redness and discomfort.

21
Q

Antazoline

A

Antihistamine

22
Q

Pheniramine

A

Antihistamine

23
Q

Tetryzoline/tetrahydrozoline

A

Vasoconstrictor

Vasoconstrictors are alpha-adrenoreceptor agonists that constrict conjunctival blood vessels, reducing ocular redness and discomfort.

24
Q

Azelastine

A

Antihistamine

Reduce the effects of histamine by binding to the H1 receptor and stabilising it in an inactive form. Also stabilises mast cells.

25
Q

Ketotifen

A

Antihistamine

Reduce the effects of histamine by binding to the H1 receptor and stabilising it in an inactive form. Also stabilises mast cells.

26
Q

Levocabastine

A

Antihistamine

Reduce the effects of histamine by binding to the H1 receptor and stabilising it in an inactive form.

27
Q

Olopatadine

A

Antihistamine

Reduce the effects of histamine by binding to the H1 receptor and stabilising it in an inactive form. Also stabilises mast cells.

28
Q

Cromoglycate

A

Mast cell stabiliser

Inhibit release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells.

29
Q

Lodoxamide

A

Mast cell stabiliser

Inhibit release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells.

30
Q

Kerorolac

A

NSAID

NSAIDs inhibit cyclo-oxygenase, decreasing prostaglandin synthesis and prostaglandin-mediated inflammation.

31
Q

Nepafenac

A

NSAID

NSAIDs inhibit cyclo-oxygenase, decreasing prostaglandin synthesis and prostaglandin-mediated inflammation.

32
Q

Dexamethasone

A

Corticosteroid

Corticosteroids regulate gene expression resulting in local anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects.

33
Q

Fluorometholone

A

Corticosteroid

Corticosteroids regulate gene expression resulting in local anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects.

34
Q

Hydrocortisone

A

Corticosteroid

Corticosteroids regulate gene expression resulting in local anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects.

35
Q

Prednisolone

A

Corticosteroid

Corticosteroids regulate gene expression resulting in local anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects.

36
Q

Ciclosporin

A

Suppresses the inflammatory response associated with dry eye syndrome, resulting in increased tear production.

37
Q

Lifitegrast

A

Lymphocyte function-associated antigen‑1 (LFA‑1) antagonist thought to suppress the inflammatory response associated with dry eye syndrome.

38
Q

Atropine

A

Anticholinergic

Block muscarinic actions of acetylcholine resulting in relaxation of the iris sphincter and ciliary muscles, leading to pupil dilation (mydriasis) and paralysis of accommodation (cycloplegia), respectively.

39
Q

Cyclopentolate

A

Anticholinergic

Block muscarinic actions of acetylcholine resulting in relaxation of the iris sphincter and ciliary muscles, leading to pupil dilation (mydriasis) and paralysis of accommodation (cycloplegia), respectively.

40
Q

Tropicamide

A

Anticholinergic

Block muscarinic actions of acetylcholine resulting in relaxation of the iris sphincter and ciliary muscles, leading to pupil dilation (mydriasis) and paralysis of accommodation (cycloplegia), respectively.

41
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Relatively selective alpha1 agonist; stimulates pupil dilator muscle. Maximal mydriasis occurs after 60–90 minutes; duration of action is 5–7 hours. Does not affect accommodation.

42
Q

Oxybuprocaine

A

Local anesthetic

Block nerve conduction reversibly.

43
Q

Proxymetacaine

A

Local anesthetic

Block nerve conduction reversibly.

44
Q

Tetracaine

A

Local anesthetic

Block nerve conduction reversibly.

Drugs (42 decks)

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