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VM728: Imaging > Thorax Views, Vessels, Nodules > Flashcards

Thorax Views, Vessels, Nodules Flashcards

1
Q

What is shown better on DV view?

A

Caudodorsal vessels

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2
Q
A

Normal lung

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3
Q
A

Normal lung

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4
Q
A
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5
Q
A

Normal lung

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6
Q
A

Normal lung

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7
Q

Identify the lung lobes

A
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8
Q

Identify the lung lobes on the right lateral view

A
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9
Q

Identify the lung lobes on the left lateral view

A
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10
Q

Where are veins located in relation to the bronchus?

A

Veins are ventral and central (medial) to the bronchus

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11
Q

Identify the pulmonary artery, bronchus, and vein

A

Red = artery
Yellow = bronchus
Blue = vein

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12
Q

Identify the pulmonary artery and vein

A
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13
Q

Identify the pulmonary artery and vein

A
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14
Q

Normal vasculature?

A

Normal

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15
Q

Normal vasculature?

A
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16
Q

What size should normal arteries and veins be on the lateral projection?

A

Arteries and veins equal in size
(Veins can be slightly bigger)

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17
Q

What size should normal arteries and veins be on the VD or DV projection?

A

Arteries and veins equal in size
No larger than the 9th rib where they cross

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18
Q

Normal vasculature?

A

No
Big arteries and veins
Vascular pattern

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19
Q

Normal vasculature?

A

Small arteries and veins

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20
Q

Normal vasculature?

A

Big arteries, normal veins

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21
Q

Normal vasculature?

A

Big veins, normal arteries

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22
Q

What are causes of big arteries and veins?

A

Left-to-right cardiac shunt - PDA, VSD, ASD
Iatrogenic IV fluid overload

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23
Q

Normal vasculature?

A

Big arteries and veins

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24
Q

Normal vasculature?

A

Big arteries and veins

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25
Q

Normal vasculature?

A

Big arteries and veins
Fluid overload

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26
Q

Normal vasculature?

A

Big arteries and veins
Left to right cardiac shunt

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27
Q

Normal vasculature?

A

Big arteries and veins
Left to right cardiac shunt

28
Q

What are causes of small arteries and veins?

A

Common: hypovolemia, shock
Uncommon: Addison’s disease, severe pulmonic stenosis, R to L cardiac shunt (tetralogy of fallot)

29
Q

Normal vasculature?

A

Small arteries and veins

30
Q

Normal vasculature?

A

Small arteries and veins

31
Q

What are causes of big arteries, normal veins?

A

Pulmonary hypertension
Heartworm disease
Thromboembolism (rare)

32
Q

Normal vasculature?

A

Big arteries, normal veins
Heartworm disease

33
Q

Normal vasculature?

A

Big arteries, normal veins
Heartworm disease

34
Q

What are causes of big veins, normal arteries?

A

Venous congestion due to left-sided heart congestion (mitral valve degeneration, cardiomyopathy)

35
Q

Normal vasculature?

A

Big veins, normal arteries
HCM, L sided CHF

36
Q

What are causes of multiple nodules/masses in the lungs?

A

Metastatic neoplasia (most common)
Granulomas (fungal disease, feline asthma)

37
Q

What are causes of solitary nodules/masses in the lungs?

A

Primary lung tumor (esp if one mass)
May be early metastatic neoplasia

38
Q
A

Metastatic neoplasia
Large nodules

39
Q
A

Metastatic neoplasia
Miliary nodules

40
Q
A

Nodule

41
Q
A

Nodule

42
Q

What are some examples of things that mimic pulmonary nodules?

A

Pulmonary osteomas
End-on vessels
Dermal structures (nodules, nipples)
Costochondral junction remodeling

43
Q
A

Pulmonary osteoma
Very common, benign
Mineral opaque, often point but can be round
Often in lung periphery

44
Q
A

Pulmonary osteoma
Very common, benign
Mineral opaque, often point but can be round
Often in lung periphery

45
Q
A

Pulmonary osteoma
Very common, benign
Mineral opaque, often point but can be round
Often in lung periphery

46
Q
A

Pulmonary osteoma
Very common, benign
Mineral opaque, often point but can be round
Often in lung periphery

47
Q
A

Pulmonary nodules

48
Q

How can you distinguish pulmonary osteomas and pulmonary nodules?

A

Nodules: usually round and smooth, soft tissue opaque, similar opacity as similar size vessel
Osteomas: sharp edges/weird shapes, mineral opaque, will be visible at a smaller size

49
Q
A

End on vessel
Same size as vessel, more opaque than a same-size soft tissue nodule

50
Q
A

End on vessel
Same size as vessel, more opaque than a same-size soft tissue nodule

51
Q

Compare the appearance of end-on vessels vs end-on airways

A

Vessels will be very opaque, in the path of a vessel
Airways will be lucent because they contain stack of gas

52
Q
A

End on vessel
Same size as vessel, more opaque than a same-size soft tissue nodule

53
Q
A

End on vessel
Same size as vessel, more opaque than a same-size soft tissue nodule

54
Q
A

Cutaneous nodule/nipple

55
Q
A

Cutaneous nodule/nipple

56
Q
A

Costochondral junction remodeling
Old dogs
Mineral opaque, usually irregular, can be smooth/round

57
Q
A

Costochondral junction remodeling
Old dogs
Mineral opaque, usually irregular, can be smooth/round

58
Q
A

Soft tissue nodules

59
Q
A

Soft tissue nodules

60
Q
A

Pulmonary osteoma
Very common, benign
Mineral opaque, often point but can be round
Often in lung periphery

61
Q
A

Pulmonary osteoma
Very common, benign
Mineral opaque, often point but can be round
Often in lung periphery

62
Q
A

End on vessel
Same size as vessel, more opaque than a same-size soft tissue nodule

63
Q
A

End on vessel
Same size as vessel, more opaque than a same-size soft tissue nodule

64
Q
A

Cutaneous nodule/nipple

65
Q
A

Cutaneous nodule/nipple

66
Q
A

Bulla
Gas filled round structure with a very thin soft tissue opaque rim

VM728: Imaging (30 decks)

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